Health Informatics Final Exam Questions and Answers 2022

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What is meant by accreditation? Why does an organization seek accreditation? - ANSWER The process by which a private nongovernmental agency performs an external review and grants recognition to a pro... gram of study or institution that meets certain predetermined standards; Required for reimbursement for certain patient groups, validates the quality of healthcare institutions, programs and services, provides a competitive edge over non accredited facilities Define the term "Health Informatics." - ANSWER The intersection of information science, medicine and health care. It deals with the resources, devices and methods required to optimize the acquisition, storage, retrieval and use of information in health and biomedicine What are the five roles of the patient record? Briefly describe each role. - ANSWER Used as a means of communication and as a source of data for decision making 1. Documenting services provided to a patient to support continuing communication and decision making among healthcare providers 2. Establishing a record of healthcare services that can be used as evidence in legal proceedings 3. Assessing the effectiveness and efficiency of the services provided 4. Documenting services to support reimbursement claims that are submitted to payers 5. Supplying data that supports strategic planning, administrative decision making, public health surveillance, research and public policies related to healthcare such as regulations, legislation and accreditation standards What is interoperability? Why is it important? - ANSWER The ability of different information systems to communicate, the ability of software programs to exchange data; Exchanges data accurately, effectively and consistently, allows systems to work together within and across organizational boundaries How has federal legislation contributed to the adoption of EHRs in HCOs and provider offices? - ANSWER Federal legislation has contributed to the adoption of the EHRs in HCOs and provider offices by using things like meaningful use. Meaningful use is an incentive program established by CMS using the ARRA and the program provides funds to encourage eligible providers and eligible hospitals to adopt and use certified electronic health record systems Describe the obstacle encountered in progressing toward EHRs. - ANSWER Lack of national information standards and code sets, lack of available funding and lack of interoperability What is meant by Telehealth and Telemedicine? - ANSWER The use of telecommunication technologies to deliver health-related services and information that support patient care, administrative activities and health education; describes delivery of clinical care via telecommunications--diagnosing, treating or following up with a patient at a distance/ defined into 3 categories (store and forward, remote monitoring, interactive sessions) What is authentication? Why is it important? - ANSWER The process of verifying or confirming the identity of a user who is requesting access to the information; necessary for security What is an incident report? How is it used? - ANSWER Obtains information about patient incidents, paper based or electronic; Facilities require staff to fill out an incident report when a variance has occurred from the usual process of pt care, prepared to be nonjudgmental and assist the organizations in correcting the problem-prone areas in prep. for legal action What are the "Healthy People" reports? Why are they important? - ANSWER A report generated by the U.S. Dept. of Health and Human Services that identifies national objectives for disease prevention and health promotion Healthcare Effectiveness Data and Information Set (HEDIS) - ANSWER Report card using similar approach as the CDCs Healthy People Sponsored by NCQA to measure performance of health plans by populations At each level, agencies expected to receive, store, aggregate and transmit data to next level A comparative performance measurement project that evaluates a health plan's clinical and administrative systems. These data are made available to purchasers and consumers to assist them in making choices about health care providers Public health officials and health information systems - ANSWER Need good data systems to provide accurate, understandable information for policy makers, community leaders, health plans and health care providers, professionals have the knowledge and skill to support the data and information systems of the public health system and can contribute to the overall health and well-being of the entire pop National Electronic Disease Surveillance System (NEDSS) - ANSWER A conduit for exchanging information that supports the national disease surveillance system, uses data standards to facilitate timely, secure reporting of data, NBS (NEDSS base system) is provided by CDC to help public health agencies report disease data to the CDC using the Public Health Information Network standards Core public health functions - ANSWER Public health prevention measures designed to protect entire communities/populations from threats like: diseases, epidemics and environmental contaminants Food safety Water recreational facility safety Hazardous materials management Solid waste management Water quality control vector/rodent control/zoonotic disease Air quality monitoring Environmental lab services Focus of Public Health - ANSWER Preservation of public health, the maintenance of minimal standards for quality in health care delivery and the general oversight Public Health Challenges - ANSWER Takes long to look at the real causes of health problems in the U.S. The element of personal and community responsibility in causes of health problems is inescapable Age groups and what they are susceptible to (largest to smallest%) - ANSWER 1-24: accidents, homicides, suicide, cancer, heart disease, other 25-44: accidents, cancer, heart disease, suicide, homicide, other 45-64: cancer, heart disease, accidents, chronic lower resp. Diseases, chronic liver disease/cirrhosis, other 65+: heart disease, cancer, chronic lower resp. Disease, stroke, Alzheimer's, other National Healthcare Survey - ANSWER Collect data about the facilities that supply health care, the services rendered, and the characteristics of the patients served Meaningful use - ANSWER An incentive program established by the centers for Medicare and Medicaid using the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act; provides funds to encourage eligible professionals and eligible hospitals to adopt and use certified electronic health record systems Example of what can be disclosed according to the HIPAA Privacy Rule - ANSWER Permits covered entities to disclose protected information without authorization for specified public health purposes: birth dates/death rate, abuse Environmental hazards - ANSWER A substance, state or event that has the potential to threaten the surrounding natural environment and/ or adversely affect people's health; water sanitation, pesticides, asbestos, fumes, chemical, physical, biological, psychological... Negligence - ANSWER Conduct that society considers unreasonably dangerous; failure to provide a reasonable level of care; breach of duty EMTALA - ANSWER Emergency Medical Treatment and Labor Act Federal law that requires anyone coming to an emergency dept. To be stabilized and treated regardless of their insurance status and inability to pay Since its enactment in 1986 has remained an unfunded mandate Statute of limitations - ANSWER A law that requires a claim to be filed within a certain period of time; otherwise the claim will not be heard by the court. Designed to encourage the timely filing of claims, when evidence is fresh and witnesses are likely to be available Malpractice - ANSWER Professional negligence Tort - ANSWER In private law; refers to an action where one party alleges that another party's wrongful conduct has caused him or her harm. The party bringing the action to court seeks compensation for that harm Purpose of Notice of Privacy Practice - ANSWER Form needed to be signed that tells patient what can be done w/ their PHI;The notice is intended to focus individuals on privacy issues and concerns and to prompt them to have discussions with their health plans and health care providers and exercise their rights Provides that an individual has a right to adequate notice of how a covered entity may use and disclose protected health information Advance directive - ANSWER A documented life support or treatment -related wish of a patient that is given to health care providers to follow in the event that they become necessary (living will) A legal written document that specifies patient preferences regarding future health care or specifies another person (durable power of attorney) to make medical decisions in the event the patient has an incurable or irreversible condition and can't communicate his/her wishes; the patient must be competent when the document is signed PHI - ANSWER Protected Health Information Under HIPAA privacy rule, patient health information that could be used to identify an individual and should be kept confidential Emancipation - ANSWER Minors who can make their own health decisions w/o parental/guardian involvement; Treated as adults, under law, & have the right to consent to treatment & authorize disclosures of their own health information Defendant - ANSWER The party or parties in a lawsuit from whom relief or compensation is sought from the plaintiff Plaintiff - ANSWER The party that initiates a lawsuit Incident reports - ANSWER A paper-based or electronic report completed by healthcare professionals when a variance occurs from the usual process of patient care or when a mishap or injury occurs involving a patient, staff member or visitor. Meant to be non judgmental and factual Patient Self-Determination Act - ANSWER Was a result of Cruzan vs. Missouri that upheld patient wishes, although the decision meant inevitable death for the patient Intended to increase the public's awareness of the respective state laws governing patient options for health care, patient rights and advance directives Informed consent - ANSWER General consent before a treatment, consent before a procedure; risks if you refuse;A communication process between the health professional and the patient. The patient must be informed about the anticipated treatment and its risks and alternatives Assault, Battery, False Imprisonment - ANSWER A deliberate threat, coupled w/ the apparent ability to do physical harm to another person w/o his/her consent. No contact required Non consensual, intentional touching of a person in a socially impermissible manner The unlawful restraint of a person's personal liberty or the unlawful restraining or confining of a person. Physical force is not required; all that is required is a reasonable fear that force will be used to detain or intimidate the person into following orders EHRs and authentication - ANSWER Electronic Health Record; ID, Passwords etc... Doctrine of Charitable Immunity - ANSWER A legal doctrine which holds that a charitable organization is not liable under tort law; designed to protect non profit hospitals; initiated through Darling vs. Charleston Community Memorial Hospital (1965) Designated Record Set - ANSWER A term used in HIPAA to include the records that contain protected health information maintained by or for a covered entity. Include medical and billing records about a person. Can include medical and billing about an individual (health care facility) or enrollment, payment claims adjudication & case or medical management records (health plan) What age group is least likely to die from accidents in the United States? - ANSWER 65 and older Children and young adults (1-20) who die of an injury in the United states are most likely to die from..? - ANSWER Motor Vehicle/Traffic Accidents True or False: Healthy People 2020 is a relatively new program started by the CDC in 2012 - ANSWER False The leading cause of injury death in the U.S. in 2010 was what? - ANSWER Drug Overdose True or False: The CDC recommends that adults over 60 years of age receive the shingles vaccine - ANSWER True List Public Health Obligations - ANSWER Prevent epidemics and the spread of disease Prevent injuries Promote and encourage healthy behaviors and mental health Respond to disasters and assist communities in recovery Assure quality and accessibility of health services Protect against environmental hazards Environmental hazards included in public health responsibilities include: - ANSWER Food safety and pesticide exposures Agencies within the U.S. Public Health Service include: - ANSWER Food and Drug Administration Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality National Institutes of Health List infectious diseases/events that are immediately reportable to public health - ANSWER Animal bites Plague Poliomyelitis Rabies Smallpox Tuberculosis Measles True or False: Meaningful Use objectives include syndromic surveillance reporting to public health agencies - ANSWER True What parties/groups typically rely on HIM professionals to understand health information disclosure rules and related regulations? - ANSWER Patients/clients of the health care organization The health care organization that employs the health information professional External users of health information from the org. What is the best definition of the right to privacy? - ANSWER The right to be left alone, to make decisions about one's own body, and to control one's information Which agencies/departments of the federal level affect health care? - ANSWER FDA IRS Dept. of Justice CMS DHHS Dept. of Labor What is the best definition of "false imprisonment?" - ANSWER Unlawful restraint of a person's personal liberty or unlawful restraining or confining of a person A spoken communication that tends to damage the defamed person's reputation in the eyes of the community, if communicated to a person other than the person defamed, is an example of... - ANSWER Slander A health care organization's compliance plan should focus on what? - ANSWER Employee compliance w/ regulations Potentially fraudulent practices Documentation that is made while care is being provided is best described as... - ANSWER Contemporaneous In electronic systems, the authorship of documentation can be traced back to the person making the entry because the author used what? - ANSWER User ID and Password A patient who has HIV is admitted to the hospital due to complications resulting from foot surgery. Who is most likely to be allowed under the HIPAA privacy rule to access this patient's health record information? Nurse housekeeping staff pediatrician for patient's child close friend who is also a nurse - ANSWER Patient's nurse What is the best description of an advisory board that reviews proposed research projects for their objectives and methods? - ANSWER Institutional Review Board Which of the following scenarios would be an example of when a minor patient can consent to his or her own treatment w/o parental involvement? When the minor is emancipated When the minor wishes to retain privacy When the minor is over 14 yrs Never - ANSWER When the minor is emancipated Risk managers or legal counsel commonly look for which element in contracts in order to minimize risks? - ANSWER Hold harmless or indemnification clauses Lawsuits based on private law can be classified as: - ANSWER Tort or contract actions What are sources of legal obligations for health care organizations? - ANSWER Federal and state constitutions Federal and state laws Administrative rules and regulations Court decisions that apply common law principles from prior court decisions The federal court system has how many levels of courts? - ANSWER 3; trial, intermediate and the Supreme court What element is the key to finding a negligence? - ANSWER Forseeability Liability of a manufacturer, seller or supplier of a product to a buyer for injuries sustained because of a defect in the product is an example of: - ANSWER Products liability Which act imposed new obligations on health care facilities to provide medical screening examinations to patients before transferring them to other facilities? - ANSWER EMTALA When documents/evidence are needed in court and the originals are available, the originals must be produced. This is an example of: - ANSWER The best evidence rule What sort of agreement is necessary for covered entities to have with outside agents or persons that handle or process protected health information on their behalf? - ANSWER Business associate agreement What use of protected health information generally DOES NOT require patient authorization? - ANSWER none If subpoenaed to testify, an HIM professional i likeliest to ask questions about: - ANSWER How the information/record was prepared If a fellow health care organization employee asks to view health information he doesn't normally have access to, what actions would be appropriate? - ANSWER Ask the employee his purpose Verify with the supervisor If an existing patient wishes to file advance directives in his health information/records, the health care organization should: - ANSWER Agree to file the information What documents/elements would often be found in a medical staff credentials file? - ANSWER Medical Staff application Copies of physician license, controlled substance permits, proof of professional liability insurance References True or False: Health information professionals are never permitted to serve as medical staff coordinators, because of certification [Show More]

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