ATI Capstone Pharmacology Exam with Complete Solutions

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a nurse is caring for a client who is receiving morphine, what assessment is priority - ANSWER RR a nurse is assessing a client who has been using beclomethasone for 2 weeks to manage her asthma, w... hat is the priority to report to the provider - ANSWER bronchospasms a nurse is caring for a client who has prescription for terazosin, the nurse should identify that this medication is indicated for which of the following disorders? - ANSWER hypertension BPH a nurse is providing teaching to a client who has a new prescription for beclomethasone inhaler to use with an albuterol inhaler for asthma maintenance, what should the nurse instruct? - ANSWER you should gargle with water after each use of this inhaler a nurse is preparing to administer topotecan IV, which of the following meds should the nurse expect to administer to control the adverse effects - ANSWER granisetron (antiemetic to prevent n/v) for clients receiving chemo a nurse is planning a staff education session on AE of meds, what info should the nurse discuss about anticholinergic adverse effects? - ANSWER blurred vision tachycardia constipation a nurse is providing teaching to a client who has a new prescription for guaifenesin, what info regarding the action of guaifenesin should the nurse include in the teaching? - ANSWER guaifenesin increases cough production a nurse is preparing to administer verapamil to a client who is 2 days postmyocardial infarction. the nurse should monitor the client for which of the following outcomes as therapeutic response to the medication? - ANSWER decreased anginal pain a nurse is providing teaching to a client who has a new prescription for levothyroxine, which statement indicates understanding of the teaching? - ANSWER "i might not realize the full effect of the medication for several weeks" take on empty stomach with glass of water, first thing in the morning 30-60min prior to breakfast a nurse is assessing a client who has HF is taking digoxin. the nurse should monitor the client for which of the following manifestations as an indication of digoxin toxicity to report to the provider? - ANSWER vomiting (n/v, anorexia, blurred vision) a nurse is providing teaching for a pt with a prescription for oral metronidazole, what is the priority teaching point? - ANSWER you should report a rash to your provider (fatal disorder Stevens-Johnson syndrome) a nurse is providing discharge instructions to a client who has a new prescription for codeine for cough suppression, what is the priority instruction? - ANSWER move slowly when standing from a lying down position (r/f orthostatic hypotension) a nurse is reviewing the medical record of a client who received his medications 1 hour ago, the pt reports chest pain, this can be an AE of what med? - ANSWER albuterol (beta2agonist, controls bronchospasm for asthma--can cause tremors, chest pain, tachycardia, dysrhythmias) a nurse is teaching a pt who has a new prescription for brimonidine to treat open-angle glaucoma, what indicates an understanding of the instructions? - ANSWER i can expect to feel some irritation when i put these drops in my eyes a nurse is caring for a female client who has osteoporosis and a new prescription for raloxifene, what should the nurse assess prior to initiating therapy? - ANSWER pregnancy status (risk category X) a nurse is teaching a pt to use TD nitroglycerin patches to treat angina pectoris, what instructions should she include? - ANSWER apply a new patch every morning (effects begin 30-60 min after application and last 14 hours) a nurse is providing teaching to a pt who has a new prescription for allopurinol to treat gout, what should the nurse include? - ANSWER increase your fluid intake a nurse is teaching a client who has a new prescription for alprazolam to treat an anxiety disorder, what should the nurse include? - ANSWER avoid taking this med with GFJ (take with food to reduce gastric distress) a nurse is providing teaching to a pt who has hypertension and a new prescription for clonidine twice daily, the client understands when he says - ANSWER i will stop drinking a glass of red wine at night (avoid due to the additive CNS effects) a nurse is providing teaching to a client who has a neuropathic pain and a new prescription for amitriptyline once per day, what should the nurse include? - ANSWER increase fluids while on this med (urine turns blue/green, sedation is an AE) a nurse is caring for a client who has a prescription for vancomycin 1g IV intermittent infusion over 30min every 12 hours, what should the nurse take? - ANSWER contact the provider for prescription clarification (administer over 60min or more to reduce risk of infusion reaction--hypotension, flushing) a nurse is providing teaching to a male client who has a new prescription for folic acid, the client tells the nurse he heard that the medication is prescribed for women during pregnancy, what statements should the nurse make? - ANSWER folic acid is important for the building of blood cells for adults and children (tx megaloblastic and macrocytic anemias) a nurse is caring for a client who has HIV-1 and is starting therapy with ritonavir and zidovudine. the client asks why she has to take both medications, which explanation should the nurse provide? - ANSWER taking the 2 meds together keeps you from becoming resistant to either of them a nurse in the PACU is caring for a client who has received GA and has a manifestations of malignant hyperthermia, the nurse should expect to administer which of the following meds? - ANSWER dantrolene a nurse is providing teaching to a client who has a new prescription for oxybutynin, what statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching? - ANSWER i need to avoid jogging on warm days (suppression of sweating by the anticholinergic effects by oxybutynin can result in hyperthermia) a nurse is reviewing the lab findings for a client who is taking zidovudine to treat HIV, which should the nurse report to the provider - ANSWER neutrophil count 650/mm3 (normal is 1500-8000) a nurse is assessing a client who is receiving gemfibrozil, the nurse should identify what finding as an AE of this med? - ANSWER muscle tenderness (--> myopathy, rhabdomyolysis) a nurse is caring for a pt with T2D and began therapy with metformin 2 days ago the client reports experiencing n/d, what should the nurse say - ANSWER your symptoms are common AE of metformin and should decrease with time (GI manifestations at onset of therapy) a nurse is caring for 4 clients who have peptic ulcer disease, the nurse should recognize that misoprostol is contraindicated for which of the following clients? - ANSWER a client who might be pregnant (category X, can cause spontaneous abortion) a nurse is in the ICU and caring for a pt with sudden onset of sustained SVT, what med should the nurse prepare? - ANSWER adenosine (decreases electrical conduction through the AV node) a nurse is assessing a pt who has open angle glaucoma and a new prescription for timolol, the nurse should monitor for what AE - ANSWER hypoglycemia a nurse is caring for a client who has varicella zoster, what med should the nurse administer - ANSWER acyclovir a nurse is caring for a client who has recurrent lower UTIs which of the following meds should the nurse expect to administer? - ANSWER nitrofuratoin ab for lower recurrent UTIs a nurse is teaching a pt who is starting subq leuprolide for treatment of prostate cancer. what info should the nurse include? - ANSWER increase calcium intake (can cause bone loss) a nurse in ICU is monitoring a pt who has cardiogenic shock and is receiving a continuous IV infusion of dopamine. what requires an immediate intervention by the nurse? - ANSWER infiltration of the peripheral IV a nurse is caring for a pt who has a new diagnosis of adrenal insufficiency. which of the following prescriptions should the nurse anticipate? - ANSWER fludrocortisone (mineralcorticoid replacement med used to treat adrenal insufficiency, monitor for hypertension and edema) a nurse is providing discharge teaching to a pt who is starting to use an albuterol inhaler, what statement indicates understanding? - ANSWER i should take this medication 15 minutes before exercising a nurse is teaching a pt who has ED and starting to take tadalafil, what statement by the pt indicates and understanding of the teaching? - ANSWER this medication can decrease my BP a nurse is providing a teaching to a pt who is starting to take sulfasalazine for the treatment of ulcerative colitis, which of the following should the nurse include in the teaching - ANSWER this med can cause your urine and skin to turn orange and can stain contact lenses a nurse is teaching a pt who is taking methyldopa for the tx of htn, what info should the nurse include? - ANSWER the med can cause dizziness a nurse is caring for a pt who has hypertension and nephropathy due to T2D, the nurse should expect to administer what med to slow the progression of nephropathy? - ANSWER losartan (angiotensin II receptor blocker) a nurse is assessing a pt who is taking ondansetron, what is a therapeutic effect? - ANSWER suppressed emesis a nurse is administering bumetanide to a pt who has ascites, the nurse should monitor for what as an expected therapeutic effect of this med - ANSWER increased urinary output (loop diuretic) a nurse is teaching a client who has a seizure disorder and is starting to take phenytoin, what statement should indicate understanding? - ANSWER i will have my blood checked to monitor the med levels (10-20) a nurse is providing teaching to the parents of a child who is starting to take liquid ferrous sulfate, what info should the nurse include in the teaching - ANSWER monitor your child for constipation a nurse is caring for a pt with hyperlipidemia, a new prescription for colesevelam, the nurse should monitor what as an AE of colesevelam? - ANSWER constipation (and dyspepsia) the nurse is providing teaching to a female pt for ciprofloxacin, what statement indicates understanding of the teaching - ANSWER i should wear protective clothing when I go outdoors (and sunscreen to prevent sunburn bc r/f photosensitivity) 1 puff MDI, 2 puff albuterol, what is the correct order - ANSWER have pt take one puff of albuterol pt rests for one min take 2nd puff of albuterol have pt rest for 5 min have pt take one puff of fluticasone a nurse is teaching a pt who will start methimazole for hyperthyroidism, what indicates understanding? - ANSWER i will contact the provider if my throat becomes sore (potential for agranulocytosis, notify provider immediately if fever, sore throat, or other indications of infection) a nurse is taching a pt who has prostate cancer and a new prescription for leuprolide, explain how it treats prostate cancer - ANSWER decreases the production of testosterone (initial increase, then desensitization and decrease in testosterone production) a nurse is caring for apt with difficulty voiding following surgery, nurse notes a palpable bladder distention, what med should the nurse administer - ANSWER bethanechol (for nonobstructive urinary retention) a nurse is preparing to admin meds to a client who has type 1 diabetes mellitus, the client receives multiple oral meds, takes lispro insulin, he is starting to take pramlintide, what actions should the nurse take? - ANSWER monitor for hypoglycemia for 3 hours after pramlintide administration (take before meals along with lispro insulin) a nurse is caring for a pt who has HIV and a prescription for delavirdine, the nurse should monitor the pt for what manifestations as an AE of the med - ANSWER rash (steven-Johnson sndrome) a nurse is reviewing the health history of a pt who has migraine headaches and asks about a prescription for sumatriptan, the nurse should identify what as a contraindication for the med - ANSWER coronary artery disease (can cause coronary vasospasm, ECG changes, hypertension) a nurse is providing teaching to a client who has angina and a new prescription for sublingual nitroglycerin tablets, what info should the nurse include - ANSWER store unused tablets at room temp (take one tablet every 5 mins, up to 3 tablets until pain resolves, call 911 after 1st tablet) a nurse is caring for a client who has a systemic fugal infection and is receiving IV amphotericin B deoxycholate, during previous infusions the pt developed a fever and chills, what should the nurse take - ANSWER administer diphenhydramine prior to administration (admin an antipyretic, corticosteroid, antihistamine, or antiemetic prior to to minimize the effects) a nurse is providing discharge instructions to a pt who has a prescription for omeprazole for the tx of GERD, what statement by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching? - ANSWER the med reduces stomach acid (suppressing production of gastric acid, reduces baseline acid level and blocks production of all stimulated acid production within 2 hours of an oral dose) a nurse is caring for a pt who has a prescription for HCTZ for the initial tx of hypertension, what should the nurse recognize as the action of this med? - ANSWER HCTZ decreases the reabsorption of sodium and water in the distal renal tubule a nurse is teaching a client who is starting to take benzonatate, which of the following statements by the pt indicates understanding? - ANSWER i should not drive while taking this medication (AE is sedation and dizziness) a nurse is caring for a pt who reports using the herbal med garlic along with his prescribed warfarin, the nurse should identify what is a potential AE of taking both of these products concurrently? - ANSWER increased ecchymosis (antiplatelet effects can increase bleeding) a nurse is reviewing lab data for a pt who is taking niacin to correct plama lipid levels, what lab findings should inidcate the nurse an AE of this therapy? - ANSWER elevated ALT (AE hepatotoxicity: incr ALT, AST, LDH) a nurse is caring for a client who has a prescription for metoclopramide, what outcomes should the nurse use to evaluate the effectiveness of this med? - ANSWER reduced nausea a nurse is teaching a client who has a new prescription for isoniazid to tx TB, what info should the nurse include? - ANSWER you will have frequent sputum tests to monitor the effectiveness of this medication (sputum species every 2-4 weeks to monitor the effectiveness, 3 negative tests, continue for 6-12 mo) a nurse is assessing a client after administering paclitaxel for the tx of ovarian cancer, the nurse should identify what findings as a priority - ANSWER bradycardia (r/f 3rd deg HB, and MI) a nurse is providing teaching to a pt who has RA and is starting to take hydroxychloroquine, what indicates understanding? - ANSWER i will need to have a baseline eye exam before starting this med (and every 6months , can cause possible retinal damage that can eventually lead to blindness) a charge nurse is orienting a newly licensed nurse to the unit-dose med system, what info should the nurse include? - ANSWER the pharmacist restocks the med drawer every day a nurse is caring for a client who has an infection and is starting to take gentamicin, what lab test should the nurse monitor to detect an AE of the med? - ANSWER creatinine (Cr, BUN, U.O.) a nurse is assessing a pt who has DI and is starting intranasal desmopressin, what can indicate to the nurse that the med is effective? - ANSWER the client's urine output is 1.256ml/24 hours a nurse is providing teaching to a pt who is starting to take finasteride for the treatment of male pattern baldness, what indicates understanding - ANSWER the med can increase my risk for impotence [Show More]

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