NCLEX-PN: PHARMACOLOGY|QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT ANSWERS |GRADED A

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Pharmacokinetics Correct Answer "Study of how drugs are absorbed, distributed, metabolized, and excreted by the body. Elderly, Pt with Liver/Renal DX have difficulty excreting medications, develop dr... ug toxicity." Pharmacodynamics Correct Answer "Study of how drugs are used by the body. EX: Oral hypoglycemic, explain how the blood glucose is reduced by stimulating pancreatic beta cells to produce more insulin, making insulin receptor sites more sensitive to insulin, and increasing # of insulin receptor cells. Pt pancreas must produce some insulin." Pharmacotherapeutics Correct Answer "Study of how the client responds to the drug. Pt may experience side effects like GI upset from drugs like antibiotics. May cause some discomfort but not severe enough to d/c medication. EX: Demerol causes N/V, but Phenergan given with to prevent discomfort of effects." Anti-Infective Correct Answer Used for the TX of infections, common side effects are GI upset Anti-Hypertensives Correct Answer Lower BP and increase blood flow to the myocardium. Common side effects are specific to the type RX. Antidiarrheals Correct Answer Decrease gastric motility and reduce water content in the intestinal tract. Side effects include bloating and gas. Diuretics Correct Answer Decrease H20 and Na absorption in Loop of Henle (loop diuretics) or inhibit antidiuretic hormone (K+ sparing). Side effects include of non K+ sparing = hypokalemia. Antacids Correct Answer Reduce hydrochloric acid in the stomach. Side effect of Ca and Aluminum based = constipation. Mg based = diarrhea Antipyretics Correct Answer Reduce fever Antihistamines Correct Answer Block the release of histamine in allergic reactions. Side effects are dry mouth, drowsiness, sedation. Bronchodilators Correct Answer Dilate large air passages, commonly RX for pt with asthma or COLD. Side effect is Tachycardia Laxatives Correct Answer Promote the passage of stool. Types: stool softeners, cathartics, fiber, lubricants, and stimulants. [Show More]

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