AQA AS GEOGRAPHY 7036/2 Paper 2 Human Geography and Geography Fieldwork Investigation Question Paper + Mark scheme [MERGED] June 2022 G/KL/Jun22/E5 7036/2 (JUN227036201) AS GEOGRAPHY Paper 2 Human Geography and Geography Fieldwork Investigation Time allowed: 1 hour 15 minutes Materials

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AQA AS GEOGRAPHY 7036/2 Paper 2 Human Geography and Geography Fieldwork Investigation Question Paper + Mark scheme [MERGED] June 2022 G/KL/Jun22/E5 7036/2 (JUN227036201) AS GEOGRAPHY Paper... 2 Human Geography and Geography Fieldwork Investigation Time allowed: 1 hour 15 minutes Materials For this paper you must have:  a pencil  a rubber  a ruler. You may use a calculator. Instructions  Use black ink or black ball-point pen.  Fill in the boxes at the top of this page.  Answer all questions in Section A.  Answer Question 2 in Section B.  Answer either Question 3 or Question 4 in Section B.  You must answer the questions in the spaces provided. Do not write outside the box around each page or on blank pages.  If you need additional extra space for your answer(s), use the lined pages at the end of this book. Write the question number against your answer(s).  Do all rough work in this book. Cross through any work you do not want to be marked. Information  The marks for questions are shown in brackets.  The total number of marks available for this paper is 65. Please write clearly in block capitals. Centre number Candidate number Surname _________________________________________________________________________ Forename(s) _________________________________________________________________________ Candidate signature _________________________________________________________________________ I declare this is my own work. For Examiner’s Use Section Mark A B TOTAL 2 (02) G/Jun22/7036/2 Do not write outside the box Only one answer per question is allowed. For the multiple-choice questions, completely fill in the circle alongside the appropriate answer. CORRECT METHOD WRONG METHODS If you want to change your answer you must cross out your original answer as shown. If you wish to return to an answer previously crossed out, ring the answer you now wish to select as shown. Section A Answer all questions in this section. Question 1 Changing places 0 1 . 1 Which one of the following statements describes an ‘experienced’ place? [1 mark] A A place seen on a tourist advertisement. B A place in which a person grew up. C A place researched using qualitative sources. D A place which is familiar from a television series. 3 (03) G/Jun22/7036/2 Do not write outside the box Turn over 8 0 1 . 2 In which of the following do both pieces of data show an exogenous characteristic of a place? [1 mark] A The city is in a wide valley surrounded by moorland. The new housing estate is home to many commuters to the nearby city. B The old coal mine is now a working museum. The old industrial site has been cleared and new housing built. C A factory was built south of the village by an overseas company. A new eco-hotel has been built for tourists a few kilometres north of the village. D The village green is the central hub of the village. The church in the centre is made out of local limestone. 0 1 . 3 Outline how oral sources, such as songs, can be useful when investigating people’s attachment to a place. [3 marks] ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ Question 1 continues on the next page 4 (04) G/Jun22/7036/2 Do not write outside the box Figure 1a is an OS map of Great Chesterford, a village in north west Essex in 1950. Figure 1b is an OS map of Great Chesterford in 2021. Figure 1a 43 50 51 50 51 43 Figure 1b 43 50 51 50 51 43 5 (05) G/Jun22/7036/2 Do not write outside the box Turn over 8 0 1 . 4 Analyse the continuity and change over time shown between Figure 1a and Figure 1b. [6 marks] ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ Question 1 continues on the next page 6 (06) G/Jun22/7036/2 Do not write outside the box 0 1 . 5 Assess the view that only qualitative data can represent ‘insider’ perspectives on a place. [9 marks] ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ 7 (07) G/Jun22/7036/2 Do not write outside the box Turn over 8 0 1 . 6 Increased connections between people and places mean that places should no longer be categorised as ‘near’ and ‘far’. To what extent do you agree? 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___________________________________________________________________________________ 8 (08) G/Jun22/7036/2 Do not write outside the box ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ 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___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ____ 40 End of Section A Turn over for Section B 10 G/Jun22/7036/2 Do not write outside the box (10) Section B Geography fieldwork investigation and geographical skills Answer Question 2 and either Question 3 or Question 4. Question 2 0 2 . 1 Suggest one reason why background reading is useful preparation for any fieldwork investigation. [2 marks] ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ Figure 2 is an aerial photograph of Diss, a small town in Norfolk. Figure 2 11 G/Jun22/7036/2 Do not write outside the box Turn over 8 (11) 0 2 . 2 Suggest how Figure 2 could be used to help devise a sampling strategy for a human geography fieldwork investigation. [4 marks] ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ 0 2 . 3 Suggest how geo-located data collected by a student could be presented on Figure 2. [2 marks] ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ____ 8 End of Question 2 12 G/Jun22/7036/2 Do not write outside the box (12) Answer either Question 3 or Question 4. Question 3 (If you answer this question, do not answer Question 4) 0 3 A student was planning fieldwork to investigate whether a housing development had altered the place character of a village. Figure 3 outlines the background to the investigation, the aim, relevant theory and hypothesis for primary data collection. Figure 3 Background The student was aware that several residents of the village where he lived felt that a housing development built in 2010 on the edge of the village had impacted on its place character in several ways. Social media posts on a local community forum suggested that residents felt this housing development had its own more ‘urban’ place character which was quite different to the rest of the village, and this may have changed the character of the village as a whole. Aim The student decided to investigate if the housing development had a different place character to the older part of the village and whether this had impacted on the character of the whole village. Theory The character of a place refers to the physical and human features of a place that help to distinguish it from another place. Many factors can affect the character of a place such as physical geography, location, the built environment, infrastructure and also the demographic, economic and cultural characteristics of the area. Place character may also be influenced by links to other places. The student’s hypothesis for this investigation was: ‘The place character of the 2010 housing development is significantly different to the rest of the village.’ Figure 4 is the student’s sketch map of the fieldwork site. Figure 4 Key Pre-2010 housing 0 200 m N 2010 housing development Key road routes through village Main road to town Farmland 13 G/Jun22/7036/2 Do not write outside the box Turn over 8 (13) The student decided to use secondary data to show the number of houses sold and the number of crimes reported between 2010 and 2019. He wanted to compare the data to see whether there were any significant differences in the mobility of the population and the safety of the two areas, which both have a similar number of houses. Figure 5 shows the secondary data the student used in the investigation. Figure 5 Old village New estate Year Number of houses sold Number of crimes reported Number of houses sold Number of crimes reported 2010 12 6 45 8 2011 4 10 10 9 2012 5 7 8 7 2013 4 4 7 10 2014 6 10 7 8 2015 3 15 4 5 2016 2 6 10 6 2017 10 5 6 7 2018 4 5 6 8 2019 3 4 8 6 Sources Houses sold – accessed from a property website which uses the government’s Land Registry to source information about houses sold. Crimes reported – accessed from a police website which records all crimes reported in a local area. 0 3 . 1 The student decided to compare the number of houses sold by calculating the median, a measure of central tendency. Explain why he chose to calculate the median number of houses sold and not the mean. [2 marks] ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ 14 G/Jun22/7036/2 Do not write outside the box (14) 0 3 . 2 Suggest how the student could present this secondary data to aid his analysis. [4 marks] ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ 0 3 . 3 Suggest why the student’s secondary data on crime may be more reliable than the house sale data. [2 marks] ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ 15 G/Jun22/7036/2 Do not write outside the box Turn over 8 (15) The student decided to write a plan for how he would collect his primary data. Figure 6 shows his plan for primary data collection. Figure 6 Plan for Primary Data Collection Method to collect data on place character A survey tool was designed by the student. It included five key characteristics of place character with four words to describe possible aspects of each of these. At each site surveyed a decision would be made about which of the four words for each place characteristic is a ‘best fit’ based on the student’s observations. Sampling strategy The data collection sites will be situated 200 m apart along a line transect that follows the main access road through each of the areas of the village. Six sites would be surveyed for ‘place character’ in each area on one day in September. Risk assessment The data collection will be done in daylight and a first-aid kit carried at all times in the event of slips and trips. A mobile phone will be carried in case of an emergency. Figure 7 shows his sketch map of planned sampling points. Figure 7 Key Pre-2010 housing 0 200 m N 2010 housing development Key road routes through village Main road to town Farmland Sampling point Question 3 continues on the next page 16 G/Jun22/7036/2 Do not write outside the box (16) Figure 8 shows the survey tool that the student designed to collect primary data. He would complete this survey at each site. Figure 8 Site 1 Circle the word in each category that best describes this place Characteristic Visual monotonous varied striking historical Security comfortable safe unsettling threatening Tranquillity peaceful vacant busy noisy Pleasure pleasant attractive beautiful unpleasant Building form varied historical modern similar 0 3 . 4 Using Figures 3, 4, 6, 7 and 8, evaluate the student’s plan for primary data collection. [9 marks] ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ 17 G/Jun22/7036/2 Do not write outside the box Turn over 8 (17) ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ____ 17 End of Question 3 If you have answered Question 3 do not answer Question 4 18 G/Jun22/7036/2 Do not write outside the box (18) Question 4 (If you answer this question, do not answer Question 3) 0 4 A student was planning fieldwork to investigate whether a new housing development had altered the drainage of water into a local stream after a storm event. Figure 9 outlines the background to the investigation, the aim, relevant theory and hypothesis for primary data collection. Figure 9 Background The student was aware that several residents in the village where she lived believed that a new housing development built in 2020 on the edge of the village had impacted on how fast rainfall now drained into the local stream after a storm event. There had been some recent evidence of ‘flash flooding’ after summer storms where the amount of water in the stream had risen rapidly and flooded surrounding farmland. Aim The student decided to investigate whether the housing development might be linked to an increase in overland flow to the stream, which might help to explain why water levels in the stream are rising rapidly after storm events. Theory Saturated soil or the impermeable surfaces of a housing development mean rainfall after a storm will flow over the surface (overland flow). This could mean the soil between the housing development and the stream is likely to become saturated after a storm event and increase the rate of overland flow south towards the stream. It may lead to rapid increases in volume of water moving in the stream (discharge). The student’s hypothesis for this investigation was: ‘Rates of overland flow are higher on land to the north of the stream where new housing development has taken place.’ Figure 10 is the student’s sketch map of the fieldwork site. Figure 10 Key 0 100 m N New housing 20 m contour Spencer Brook Stream 20 20 20 19 G/Jun22/7036/2 Do not write outside the box Turn over 8 (19) The student decided to use some secondary data. She decided to look at rainfall and river discharge data for selected days in September for the year before and after the housing development was built. She wanted to compare the data to see if she would see any differences in discharge between the two years. Figure 11 shows the secondary data the student used in the investigation. Figure 11 2019 2021 Day Rainfall (mm) Discharge (cumecs) Rainfall (mm) Discharge (cumecs) 1 4.20 0.94 2.33 0.30 2 2.40 0.37 0.00 0.28 3 1.80 0.32 2.10 0.26 4 0.00 0.29 1.30 0.25 5 0.00 0.27 0.00 0.24 6 4.30 0.26 0.00 0.23 7 0.00 0.84 0.00 0.22 8 2.70 0.25 2.10 0.21 9 1.80 0.34 6.00 0.23 10 0.00 0.25 0.00 2.43 Sources Rainfall – accessed from a website publishing data collected from a weather station operated by an amateur weather enthusiast in the area local to Spencer Brook. Discharge – river flow data from a gauging station on Spencer Brook. The station sends live data on river discharge to the Environment Agency, which is checked and published on a government website. 0 4 . 1 The student decided to compare the discharge by calculating the median, a measure of central tendency. Explain why she chose to calculate the median discharge and not the mean. [2 marks] ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ 20 G/Jun22/7036/2 Do not write outside the box (20) 0 4 . 2 Suggest ways the student could present this secondary data to aid her analysis. [4 marks] ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ 0 4 . 3 Suggest why the student’s secondary data on discharge may be more reliable than the rainfall data. [2 marks] ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ 21 G/Jun22/7036/2 Do not write outside the box Turn over 8 The student decided to write a plan for how she would collect her primary data. Figure 12 shows her plan for primary data collection. Figure 12 Plan for Primary Data Collection Method to collect overland flow samples A one-metre-long length of guttering with both ends closed will be buried in the soil to a depth of 5 cm so the upper edge is parallel with the soil surface. A small plastic roof will be erected over the guttering to avoid direct precipitation into the gutter. Water levels will be measured after a significant storm event. Guttering buried to a depth of 5 cm Plastic sheeting Direction of for protection overland flow Stream 1 m 1 m length of guttering sealed at both ends Sampling strategy The data collection sites will be situated 100 m apart along a line transect that approximately follows the 20 m contour line above the river. Six sites would be constructed either side of the river. The amount of run-off will be measured 2 hours after a significant rainfall event on one day in September. Risk assessment The data collection will be done in daylight and a first-aid kit carried at all times in the event of slips and trips. A mobile phone will be carried in case of an emergency. Question 4 continues on the next page (21) 22 G/Jun22/7036/2 Do not write outside the box Figure 13 shows her sketch map of planned sampling points. Figure 13 Key 0 100 m N New housing 20 m contour Spencer Brook Stream Sampling point 20 20 20 0 4 . 4 Using Figures 9, 10, 12 and 13, evaluate the student’s plan for primary data collection. [9 marks] ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ (22) 23 G/Jun22/7036/2 Do not write outside the box ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ____ 17 END OF QUESTIONS (23) 24 G/Jun22/7036/2 Do not write outside the box (24) There are no questions printed on this page DO NOT WRITE ON THIS PAGE ANSWER IN THE SPACES PROVIDED 25 G/Jun22/7036/2 Do not write outside the box (25) 26 G/Jun22/7036/2 Do not write outside the box (26) 27 G/Jun22/7036/2 Do not write outside the box (27) 28 G/Jun22/7036/2 Do not write outside the box (28) There are no questions printed on this page DO NOT WRITE ON THIS PAGE ANSWER IN THE SPACES PROVIDED (226A7036/2) Copyright information For confidentiality purposes, all acknowledgements of third-party copyright material are published in a separate booklet. This booklet is published after each live examination series and is available for free download from www.aqa.org.uk. Permission to reproduce all copyright material has been applied for. In some cases, efforts to contact copyright-holders may have been unsuccessful and AQA will be happy to rectify any omissions of acknowledgements. If you have any queries please contact the Copyright Team. Copyright © 2022 AQA and its licensors. All rights reserved. AS GEOGRAPHY 7036/2 Paper 2 Hum [Show More]

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