NR 507 MIDTERM WEEK 4 REVIEW - STUDY GUIDE (LATEST) 2019/20 - CHAMBERLAIN COLLEGE NURSING. GRADED A

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WEEK 1 1. Cells in may act as a reservoir in which HIV can be relatively protected from antiviral drugs. - The central nervous system 2. Which statement is true about fungal infections? - They are... controlled by phagocytes and T lymphocytes 3. What of the following remains a significant cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide? - Infection disease 4. What mechanism occurs in Raynaud phenomenon that classifies it as a type III hypersensitivity reaction? - Immune complexes are deposited in capillary beds, blocking circulation. 5. Which statement about vaccines is true? - Vaccines require booster injections to maintain lifelong protection. 6. What is the role if reverse transcriptase in HIV infection? - It converts RNA into double-stranded DNA 7. After sexual transmission of HIV, a person can be infected yer seronegative for months. - 6 – 14 months 8. The class if antibody involved in type I hypersensitivity reactions is - IgE 9. What disease involves the deposition of circulating immune complexes containing an antibody against host DNA, resulting in tissue damage? - Systemic Lupus Erythematous (SLE) 10. Hypersensitivity is best defined as a(n) - Altered immunologic response to an antigen that results in disease 11. What is the mechanism in type III hypersensitivity reactions? - Antibodies bind to soluble antigens that were released into the body fluids and the immune complexes are deposited in the tissues 12. Stress-induced norepinephrine results in - Peripheral vasoconstriction 13. Which hormone increases the formation of glucose from amino acids and free fatty acids? - Cortisol 14. Cells from a muscle tumor show a reduced ability to form new muscle and appear highly disorganized. This is an example of - Anaplasia 15. Which of the following represents the correct nomenclature for benign and malignant tumors of adipose tissues, respectively? - Lipoma, liposarcoma 16. What is the role of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), and transforming growth factor-alpha (TGF-@) in cell metastasis. - To develop new blood vessels to feed cancer cells. 17. Many cancers create a mutation of ras. What is ras? - An intracellular signaling protein that regulates cell growth. 18. Which if the following cancers originate from connective tissue? - Osteogenic sarcoma 19. Inherited mutations that predispose to cancer are almost invariably what kind if gene? - Tumor-suppressor genes 20. Which characteristic among women correlates with a high morbidity of cancer of the colon, , uterus, liver, gallbladder, pancreas, breast, uterus, and kidney? - Women who had a high body mass index. 21. What congenital malformation is commonly linked to acute leukemia in children? - Down Syndrome WEEK 2 1. At the arterial end of capillaries, fluid moves from the intravascular space into the interstitial space because the - Capillary hydrostatic pressure is higher than the capillary oncotic pressure 2. Which enzyme is secreted by the juxtaglomerular cells of the kidney when circulating blood is reduced? - Renin 3. Water movement between the intravascular fluid compartment and the extracellular compartment is primarily a function of - Osmotic forces 4. Physiologic ph is maintained around 7.4 because bicarbonate (HCO3) and carbonic acid (H2CO3) exist in a ratio of - 20:1 5. Which are indications of dehydration? - Tachycardia and weight loss 6. In hyperkalemia, cardiac rhythm changes are a direct result of - Cardiac cell hypopolarization. 7. What is a major determinant of the resting membrane potential necessary for transmission of nerve impulses? - The ration between intracellular K+ and extracellular K+ 8. Which inflammatory mediators are produced in asthma? - Histamine prostaglandins, and leukotrienes 9. is a fulminant form of respiratory failure characterized by acute lung inflammation and diffuse alveolocapillary injury. - Acute respiratory distress syndrome. 10. Dyspnea is not a result of - Decrease blood flow to the medulla oblongata 11. Which of the following is a true statement? - Hyperventilation results in an increase PaCO2. 12. Clinical manifestations that include unexplained weight loss, dyspnea on exertion, use of accessory muscles, and tachypnea with prolonged expiration are indicative of - Emphysema 13. The most successful treatment of chronic asthma begins with - Elimination of the causative agent 14. Clinical manifestations of pulmonary hypertension include - Peripheral edema and jugular venous distention. 15. Pulmonary edema usually begins at a pulmonary capillary wedge pressure or left atrial pressure of mmHg. - 20 16. In tuberculosis, the body walls off the bacilli in a tubercle by stimulating - Apoptotic infected macrophages that activate cytotoxic T [Show More]

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