AQA AS GEOGRAPHY 7036/1 Paper 1 Physical Geography and People and the Environment Question Paper + Mark scheme [MERGED] June 2022 G/KL/Jun22/E4 7036/1 (JUN227036101) AS GEOGRAPHY Paper 1 Physical Geography and People and the Environment Time allowed: 1 hour 30 minutes Materials For this paper you must

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AQA AS GEOGRAPHY 7036/1 Paper 1 Physical Geography and People and the Environment Question Paper + Mark scheme [MERGED] June 2022 G/KL/Jun22/E4 7036/1 (JUN227036101) AS GEOGRAPHY Paper 1 P... hysical Geography and People and the Environment Time allowed: 1 hour 30 minutes Materials For this paper you must have:  a pencil  a rubber  a ruler. You may use a calculator. Instructions  Use black ink or black ball-point pen.  Fill in the boxes at the top of this page.  Answer either Question 1 or Question 2 or Question 3 in Section A.  Answer either Question 4 or Question 5 in Section B.  You must answer the questions in the spaces provided. Do not write outside the box around each page or on blank pages.  If you need additional extra space for your answer(s), use the lined pages at the end of this book. Write the question number against your answer(s).  Do all rough work in this book. Cross through any work you do not want to be marked. Information  The marks for questions are shown in brackets.  The total number of marks available for this paper is 80. For Examiner’s Use Section Mark A B TOTAL Please write clearly in block capitals. Centre number Candidate number Surname _________________________________________________________________________ Forename(s) _________________________________________________________________________ Candidate signature _________________________________________________________________________ I declare this is my own work. 2 (02) G/Jun22/7036/1 Do not write outside the box Only one answer per question is allowed. For the multiple-choice questions, completely fill in the circle alongside the appropriate answer. CORRECT METHOD WRONG METHODS If you want to change your answer you must cross out your original answer as shown. If you wish to return to an answer previously crossed out, ring the answer you now wish to select as shown. Section A Answer one question in this section. Answer either Question 1 or Question 2 or Question 3. Question 1 Water and carbon cycles 0 1 . 1 Which of the following describes the cryospheric store of water? [1 mark] A All water stored as liquid in the atmosphere. B All water stored as vapour in the atmosphere. C All water stored in its liquid state at the Earth’s surface. D All water stored in its solid state in glaciers, ice caps and sea ice. 3 (03) G/Jun22/7036/1 Do not write outside the box Turn over 8 0 1 . 2 Which of the following outlines a positive feedback in the water cycle? [1 mark] A Increased CO2 in the atmosphere warmer temperatures plants grow quicker removing CO2 from the atmosphere by photosynthesis levels of atmospheric CO2 reduced. B Increased CO2 in the atmosphere acts as a greenhouse gas atmosphere warms up methane released as permafrost melts levels of greenhouse gases increase. C Increased greenhouse gases in the atmosphere atmospheric temperatures rise increasing evaporation from the surface water vapour condenses forming clouds clouds reduce the warming effect. D Increased water vapour in the atmosphere acts as a greenhouse gas atmosphere warms up more water is evaporated from the oceans vapour increases in the atmosphere. 0 1 . 3 Outline features of a flood hydrograph. [3 marks] ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ Question 1 continues on the next page 4 (04) G/Jun22/7036/1 Do not write outside the box Figure 1 shows levels of urbanisation and CO2 emissions for selected countries, in different continents, in 1960. Figure 2 shows levels of urbanisation and CO2 emissions for the same selected countries in 2019. Figure 1 0 10 20 30 40 50 Population living in urban areas, 1960 (%) CO2 emissions (tonnes CO2 per person) 60 70 80 90 100 0.01 0.1 1 10 100 Key Africa Asia Europe North America Oceania South America Figure 2 0 10 20 30 40 50 Population living in urban areas, 2019 (%) CO2 emissions (tonnes CO2 per person) 60 70 80 90 100 0.01 0.1 1 10 100 Key Africa Asia Europe North America Oceania South America 5 (05) G/Jun22/7036/1 Do not write outside the box Turn over 8 0 1 . 4 Analyse the data shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2. [6 marks] ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ 0 1 . 5 Assess the scale of changes to stores of carbon in a tropical rainforest you have studied. [9 marks] ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ 6 (06) G/Jun22/7036/1 Do not write outside the box ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ 0 1 . 6 ‘There is always a balance between the inputs and outputs of water in a drainage basin.’ To what extent do you agree with this statement? 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___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ____ 40 End of Question 1 9 (09) G/Jun22/7036/1 Do not write outside the box Turn over 8 Question 2 Coastal systems and landscapes 0 2 . 1 Which of the following are all landforms of coastal deposition? [1 mark] A Beaches, barrier beaches, compound spits, offshore bars. B Beaches, caves, Dalmatian coasts, spits. C Cliffs, offshore bars, spits, tombolos. D Tombolos, rias, sand dunes, wave cut platforms. 0 2 . 2 Which of the following outlines a positive feedback at the coast? [1 mark] A Erosion occurs at the base of a cliff a wave-cut platform begins to form erosion extends the platform waves have further to travel and lose energy erosion decreases. B Vegetation begins to grow in sediments of saltmarshes vegetation traps more sediment height of the marsh increases length of time inundated by the sea reduces vegetation growth increases. C Storms erode sediment from a beach sediment deposited as offshore bars waves break earlier erosion reduces after the storm, waves return sediment to the beach. D Waves erode the base of a cliff undercutting leaves the cliff unsupported cliff collapses leaving debris at the base cliff is protected from powerful waves rates of erosion are reduced. 0 2 . 3 Outline features of integrated coastal zone management. [3 marks] ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ Question 2 continues on the next page 10 G/Jun22/7036/1 Do not write outside the box (10) Figure 3 shows total populations and numbers of people living in areas at risk of coastal flooding in selected countries, in different continents, in 2020. Figure 4 shows predicted total populations and numbers of people living in areas at risk of coastal flooding in the same countries in 2100. Figure 3 0.1 1 10 100 Population, 2020 (millions) Population living in areas at risk of coastal flooding (millions) 1000 0.01 0.1 1 10 100 Key Africa Asia Europe North America Oceania South America Figure 4 0.1 1 10 100 Predicted population, 2100 (millions) Predicted population living in areas at risk of coastal flooding (millions) 1000 0.01 0.1 1 10 100 Key Africa Asia Europe North America Oceania South America 11 G/Jun22/7036/1 Do not write outside the box Turn over 8 (11) 0 2 . 4 Analyse the data shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4. [6 marks] ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ Question 2 continues on the next page 12 G/Jun22/7036/1 Do not write outside the box (12) 0 2 . 5 With reference to a coastal landscape beyond the UK that you have studied, assess the extent to which people will be able to successfully adapt to the risks they face in living on the coast in the future. [9 marks] ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ 13 G/Jun22/7036/1 Do not write outside the box Turn over 8 (13) 0 2 . 6 ‘Submergent coastal landforms will develop faster than emergent features in the future.’ To what extent do you agree with this statement? 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___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ____ 40 End of Question 2 16 G/Jun22/7036/1 Do not write outside the box (16) Question 3 Glacial systems and landscapes 0 3 . 1 Which of the following describes the distribution of alpine cold environments? [1 mark] A At the extreme northern and southern latitudes, almost entirely above 60° north and 60° south. B At low altitudes and low latitudes where temperatures are too warm for glaciers to develop. C In areas of high altitude in major mountain ranges, often with active valley glaciers. D In areas at any latitude, but surrounding areas that are currently occupied by glaciers. 0 3 . 2 Which of the following outlines a positive feedback in cold environments? [1 mark] A Atmosphere warms up more vegetation grows in warmer environments CO2 removed from atmosphere reduces warming. B Atmosphere warms sea ice melts more sunlight allows phytoplankton to photosynthesise more in oceans CO2 removed from atmosphere limits atmospheric warming. C Sea ice melts darker surfaces exposed less solar radiation reflected more insolation absorbed temperatures rise more melting. D Temperatures rise increased evaporation of water increased cloud formation more precipitation falls as snow snow reflects incoming solar radiation less warming. 17 G/Jun22/7036/1 Do not write outside the box Turn over 8 (17) 0 3 . 3 Outline features of an outwash plain. [3 marks] ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ Question 3 continues on the next page 18 G/Jun22/7036/1 Do not write outside the box (18) Figure 5 shows the total population and average age of people in districts in regions of Alaska in 2019. Figure 6 shows the predicted total population and predicted average age of people in the same districts in 2045. Figure 5 100 1000 10000 100000 Total population, 2019 Average age of population 1 000 000 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 Key Anchorage / Mat-Su region Interior region Gulf Coast region Northern region Southwest region Southeast region Figure 6 100 1000 10000 100000 Predicted total population, 2045 Predicted average age of population 1 000 000 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 Key Anchorage / Mat-Su region Interior region Gulf Coast region Northern region Southwest region Southeast region 19 G/Jun22/7036/1 Do not write outside the box Turn over 8 (19) 0 3 . 4 Analyse the data shown in Figure 5 and Figure 6. [6 marks] ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ Question 3 continues on the next page 20 G/Jun22/7036/1 Do not write outside the box (20) 0 3 . 5 Assess the extent to which people will be able to successfully adapt to the risks they face in the future in a glaciated landscape beyond the UK that you have studied. [9 marks] ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ 21 G/Jun22/7036/1 Do not write outside the box Turn over 8 0 3 . 6 ‘The characteristics and distribution of periglacial landscapes will change rapidly in the future.’ To what extent do you agree with this statement? 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___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ____ 40 End of Section A Turn over for Section B (23) 24 G/Jun22/7036/1 Do not write outside the box Section B Answer one question in this section. Answer either Question 4 or Question 5. Question 4 Hazards 0 4 . 1 Which of the following summarises the process of slab pull? [1 mark] A A driving force of plate movement generated at mid-ocean ridges. Newly formed crust cools, becomes denser and so moves away from the centre of the ridge. B A driving force of plate movement generated at a subduction zone as an old, cold dense plate sinks into the mantle beneath. C Forces generated at conservative plate margins as one plate drags past another. D Warm convection currents within the mantle act like a conveyor belt, driving and carrying the plates of the lithosphere. 0 4 . 2 Which of the following describes primary impacts of tropical storms? [1 mark] A Children’s education and well-being suffer as infrastructure such as schools need to be re-built. B Death and injury due to flying debris, fallen power lines and storm surges. C Future food security is reduced as farmers have to re-plant crops and food prices increase due to scarcity. D Insurance costs increase and residents are unable to return home for many months. (24) 25 G/Jun22/7036/1 Do not write outside the box Turn over 8 0 4 . 3 Summarise the formation of rift valleys. [3 marks] ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ Question 4 continues on the next page (25) 26 G/Jun22/7036/1 Do not write outside the box Figure 7 shows the number of people affected by different natural hazards globally between 2000 and 2019. Figure 8 shows the number of deaths from different natural hazards globally between 2000 and 2019. Figure 7 Flood 1.65 billion Drought 1.65 billion Storm 727 million Earthquake 118 million Number of people affected Other 109 million (extreme temperature, volcanic activity, mass movement, wildfires) Figure 8 Flood 104614 Number of deaths Other 42 564 (drought, volcanic activity, mass movement) Extreme temperature 164923 Storm 199718 Earthquake 721318 (26) 27 G/Jun22/7036/1 Do not write outside the box Turn over 8 0 4 . 4 Analyse the data shown in Figure 7 and Figure 8. [6 marks] ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ Question 4 continues on the next page (27) 28 G/Jun22/7036/1 Do not write outside the box 0 4 . 5 Assess the extent to which the frequency and magnitude of volcanic activity is more predictable at some plate margins than others. [9 marks] ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ (28) 29 G/Jun22/7036/1 Do not write outside the box Turn over 8 0 4 . 6 ‘Earthquakes have a greater impact on the human characteristics of place than the physical characteristics of place.’ With reference to a recent seismic event you have studied, how far do you agree with the statement above? 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___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ____ 40 End of Question 4 32 G/Jun22/7036/1 Do not write outside the box (32) Question 5 Contemporary urban environments 0 5 . 1 Which of the following is a cause of the rise of the service economy? [1 mark] A Increased energy consumption in urban areas leads to increased demand for fossil fuel extraction. B Increasing wealth in urban areas increases demand for leisure and retail facilities. C Population growth in urban areas increases demand on agriculture in the surrounding countryside. D Rapid urbanisation increases the demand for concrete and steel production. 0 5 . 2 Which of the following are features of fortress developments? [1 mark] A Spaces in urban areas that have become the focus of the production and consumption of culture. B Self-contained urban areas found beyond the edge of existing cities, developing as cities in their own right. C Urban spaces designed ar [Show More]

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