NR 341-Critical Care Exam 1 Guide primary

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Nursing Assessments • Diagnostic Tests Acute respiratory failure o ABGs, Chest x-rays, CT, pulmonary function tests, end tidal CO2 monitoring, bronchoscopy. • Assessments o Lung ... sounds, work of breathing, use of accessory muscles, chest expansion, nasal flaring, respiratory rate, pulse ox • Interventions o Ineffective airway clearance  reposition patient o ARF ▪ Causes: pulmonary edema, atelectasis, pneumonia, COPD, asthma, ARDS, thoracic, spinal or head injuries, drug overdose, neuromuscular disorders ▪ Type 1 - hypoxemic or oxygenation failure • PAO2 less th • an 60 MMHG o Normal PaO2 = 80 - 100 • Hypoventilation o Hyperventilation causes further issues when trying to correct this • Intrapulmonary shunting o Blood did not get oxygenated and dispersed to rest of body system o Blood that is shunted from the right side of the heart to the left without oxygenation. o Based on rate ventilation and perfusion: Rate of ventilation= rate of perfusion; ratio of VQ = 1 o Based on amount of ventilation and perfusion: ▪ Normal ventilation (V) IS 4 L/MIN ▪ Normal perfusion (Q) IS 5L/Min ▪ Normal V/Q Ratio IS 4/5 or 0.8 ▪ VQ scan patient must lie for 30 minutes o Tissue hypoxia  anaerobic metabolism and lactic acidosis o Normal Cardiac output CONTINUED.......... [Show More]

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