NR 566 Midterm Study Guide-week 1 to week 4.

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WEEK 1 -Things to know about each of the major antibiotic drug classes · Contraindications and high-risk patients · Know examples of each of the major antibiotic drug classes · Monitoring nee... ds · Which ones require renal dosing adjustments and how much (i.e., 25%, 50%, etc.) · Patient education · Lifespan considerations including pregnancy · Indications for use Penicillins • caution with patients allergic reactions to penicillins, cephalosporins, or carbapenems • Treats infection cause by sensitive bacteria check culture to identify infecting organism • Can order skin test to assess allergy status • adjusted doses for patients with impaired renal fnx NARROW SPECTRUM PENICILLINS: PENICILLIN SENSITIVE(PEN G &PEN V) -Mechanism of Action: “Bactericidal”- Weakens the cell wall, causing bacteria to take up excessive amounts of water and rupture. Occurs by two actions simultaneously: inhibiting transpeptidases and activating autolysins which disrupts synthesis of the cell wall and promotes the active destruction resulting in cell lysis and death. -Examples: Penicillin G (Prototype Drug), Penicillin V, Nafcillin, Oxacillin, Dicloxacillin, Ampicillin, Amoxicillin, Piperacillin Penicillin G- -First Penicillin Available and often referred to plainly as Penicillin -Bactericidal for gram negative and gram positive bacteria -Should be taken with medications whereas Penicillin V is stable in stomach acids CONTINUED................ [Show More]

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