GCE History A Y319/01: Civil rights in the USA 1865-1992 Advanced GCE Mark Scheme for Autumn 2021. Graded A+ Download to score A+

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Question Answer Mark Guidance 1 Evaluate the interpretations in both of the two passages and explain which you think is more convincing as an explanation of the achievements of the Black Power mov... ement. • In locating the Interpretations within the wider historical debate, answer might argue that Interpretation A puts forward the view that Black Power helped bring about many improvements in the lives of African Americans. • In evaluating Interpretation A, answers might argue that this view is valid as Black Power did lead to an improvement in morale with a poll revealing 64% took pride in it. • Answers might argue that Interpretation A is valid as ghetto clinics gave advice on health, welfare and legal rights. • Answers might argue that Interpretation A is valid as in 1970 1700 meals a week were served to the ghetto poor. • Answers might argue Interpretation A is valid as their actions led to some violent shoot outs with police. • Answers might argue that Interpretation A is not valid as it ignores the demise of an effective civil rights movement. • In locating the Interpretations within the wider historical debate, answers might argue that Interpretation B puts forward the view that the achievements of Black Power were very limited. 30 • No set answer is expected • At Level 5 and above answers will evaluate both interpretations, locating them within the wider historical debate about the issue and using their own knowledge, and reach a balanced judgement as to which they consider the most convincing about the issue in the question. • To be valid, judgements must be supported by relevant and accurate material. • Knowledge must not be credited in isolation, it should only be credited where it is used to analyse and evaluate the interpretations, in line with descriptions in the levels mark schemeY319/01 Mark Scheme October 2021 4 Question Answer Mark Guidance 2* • In evaluating Interpretation B, answers might argue it is valid as the movement led to riots in many cities in 1965, 1966 and 1967. • Answers might argue that Interpretation B is valid as Black Power divided the civil rights movement. • Answers might argue that Interpretation B is valid as Northern ghetto African Americans had not gained from the general prosperity of post-war USA. • Answers might argue that Interpretation B is valid as there was a white backlash with it being targeted by the FBI who were very successful in eliminating it. • Answers might argue that Interpretation B is invalid as a white backlash was already underway before Black Power developed. • Answers might argue that Interpretation B is invalid as the movement attracted Carmichael and Brown from the SNCC. ‘Trade union and labour rights in the USA changed more in the 1980s than in any other decade.’ How far do you agree with this view of the period 1865 to 1992? • In arguing that labour and union rights changed more in the 1980s it might be argued that Reagan’s attempt to remove restrictions that hindered industry reduced labour and union rights. • Answers might consider the impact of the PATCO strike. 25 • No set answer is expected • At higher levels answers might establish criteria against which to judge • To be valid, judgements must be supported by relevant and accurate material. • Knowledge must not be credited in isolation, it should only be credited where it is used as the basis for analysis and evaluation, in line with descriptions in the levels mark scheme. [Show More]

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