Test Bank Medical-Surgical Nursing- Concepts & Practice, 3rd Edition by Susan C. deWit, Candice K. Kumagai

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Chapter 03: Fluid, Electrolytes, Acid-Base Balance, and Intravenous Therapy deWit: Medical-Surgical Nursing: Concepts & Practice, 3rd Edition MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. The nurse uses a diagram to demonstr... ate how in dehydration the water is drawn into the plasma from the cells by which process? a. Distillation b. Diffusion c. Filtration d. Osmosis 2. The nurse assessing a patient with vomiting and diarrhea observes that the urine is scant and concentrated. Which controlling factor is responsible for compensatory reabsorption of water? a. Osmoreceptors in the hypothalamus b. Antidiuretic hormone in the posterior pituitary c. Baroreceptors in the carotid sinus d. Insulin from the pancreas 3. The nurse uses a picture to show how ions equalize their concentration by which passive transport process? a. Osmosis b. Filtration c. Titration d. Diffusion 4. Which term describes the active transport process that moves sodium and potassium into or out of cells? a. Filtration b. Sodium pump c. Diffusion d. Osmosis 5. The patient taking furosemide (Lasix) to correct excess edema shows a weight loss of 5.5 pounds in 24 hours. The nurse calculates that this weight loss is equivalent to how many liters (L) of fluid? a. 1 L b. 1.5 L c. 2.0 L d. 2.5 L 6. The nurse is caring for a patient with a potassium level of 2.9 mEq/L. The nurse should carefully monitor the patient for which potential problem? a. Excessive urinary output b. Abdominal distention c. Increased reflexes d. Hyperactive bowel sounds 7. While the nurse is washing the face of a patient in renal failure, the patient demonstrates a spasm of the lips and face. Which laboratory value corresponds with the nurse’s assessment findings? a. Potassium of 3.4 mEq/L b. Calcium of 7.9 mg/dL c. Sodium of 140 mEq/L d. Phosphorus of 2.8 mg/dL 8. Which finding is most important for the nurse to confirm prior to hanging an intravenous (IV) bag containing potassium? a. Verify a blood pressure of at least 60 mm Hg diastolic. b. Check for urine output of at least 30 mL/hr. c. Ensure filter placement on the IV line. d. Verify a pulse of at least 50 beats/min. 9. Which statement demonstrates that the patient accurately understands the nurse’s teaching related to a low-sodium diet? a. “I can have all the dried fruits I want.” b. “I’m looking forward to a tall glass of tomato juice.” c. “I’m going to eat my favorite avocado and orange salad.” d. “I’m going to eat a cheeseburger with extra ketchup.” [Show More]

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