2020 SOPHIA Learning/ Sophia Ethics Unit 4 Milestone. You passed this Milestone (Correct Answers Highlighted in Yellow)

Document Content and Description Below

Sophia Ethics Unit 4 Milestone You passed this Milestone 1 Derreck believes that every person should keep his or her word. Which of the following actions is inconsistent with his belief? • ... Derreck had promised his wife a trip to Hawaii for their anniversary, so he puts aside money every month to make it happen. • Derreck had promised his boss that a project would be done by the weekend, so he stays late on Friday to make sure everything is complete. • Derreck had promised his daughter a puppy if she got straight As, but he makes up a new condition after the fact so he doesn't have to fulfill the promise. • Derreck had promised his friends he would be their designated driver, so he goes out with them and does not drink. CONCEPT Establishing a Consistent Value System 2 Stephanie volunteers at an organization that collects and distributes clothing to those in need. As she is packing boxes to send overseas, she finds a donated item of clothing that perfectly suits her sense of style and would be a versatile item to add to her own wardrobe. Stephanie sets the item aside to take home with her. According to virtue-based ethics, why is Stephanie's action unethical? • Her action will deprive needy recipients of clothing. • She is not following the instructions she was given. • Her action cultivates the vice of greed. • Stealing is always wrong. CONCEPT Apply Virtue-Based Ethics 3 "Giving away excess wealth is obligatory because it brings about a greater good for all of society." To which theory of ethics is the person who made this statement likely appealing? • Conventionalism • Utilitarianism • Virtue-based ethics • Divine command theory CONCEPT Case Study: Wealth Distribution 4 "Eating pork is morally wrong because the Torah forbids it." To which theory of ethics is the person who made this statement likely appealing? • Virtue-based ethics • Conventionalism • Kantian deontology • Divine command theory CONCEPT Case Study: Animal Rights 5 Natalie helps her brother move into his new home. How might a virtue-based ethicist classify this action? • Impermissible • Supererogatory • Obligatory • Neutral CONCEPT Commitments of Virtue-Based Ethics 6 Select the basis for moral value used by character ethics. • The ultimate effects of an action • The individual trait being demonstrated by an action • The adherence of an action to divine authority • The inherent value of an action based upon intent CONCEPT Different Considerations for Evaluating Actions 7 Select the statement that reveals upbringing as a source of bias in ethical evaluation. • I never talk back to the teacher because, as a child, my parents taught me to respect educators. • I call myself a conservative, but I vote for liberal candidates when their policies benefit me financially. • I ride the packed subway in New York City all the time, but it seems rude to me when I see people in Japan crowd onto full trains. • I scold a student for allowing his parents to help with an assignment, but I help my own child when I believe the work is too hard for her. CONCEPT Sources of Bias in Ethical Decisions 8 "Abortion is acceptable if the woman doesn't want to be a mother." To which theory of ethics is the person who made this statement likely appealing? • Egoism • Conventionalism • Kantian deontology • Utilitarianism CONCEPT Case Study: Abortion 9 "Capital punishment is morally acceptable if it prevents more people from being murdered." To which theory of ethics is the person who made this statement likely appealing? • Utilitarianism • Virtue-based ethics • Kantian deontology • Egoism CONCEPT Case Study: Capital Punishment 10 Which of the following statements displays the speaker's unfair bias? • "I'm voting for Measure 5642 because it will give my family a tax break." • "I'm voting for Measure 5642 because it will create new jobs." • "I'm voting for Measure 5642 because it will improve our schools." • "I'm voting for Measure 5642 because it will balance the city's budget." CONCEPT The Effect of Bias in Moral Decision Making 11 Which action demonstrates a shortcoming of virtue-based ethics? • Donating to a charity out of a sense of superiority and ego • Lying so that a coworker will lose his job • Refusing to engage in gossip out of a sense of respect for others’ privacy • Participating in an anti-war protest due to personal convictions about the morality of war CONCEPT Advantages and Shortcomings of Virtue-Based Ethics 12 Which of the following best defines virtue-based ethics? • An ethical theory that emphasizes the role of character rather than actions • An ethical theory that asserts that self-oriented interests motivate human actions • An ethical theory that deems that an action is morally right if the action results in happiness • An ethical theory that determines moral value by weighing the consequences of actions CONCEPT Virtue-Based Ethics 13 Which of the following critiques represents a challenge to virtue-based ethics? • Some things seem like virtues, but are actually just feelings. • Consequences of actions get too much attention, and intent doesn't get enough. • Self-improvement needs more emphasis. • There are no norms for guiding the interactions between separate cultures. CONCEPT Problems with Virtue-Based Ethics 14 Which of the following people would be most satisfied with virtue-based ethics? • Benedict is looking for an ethical system that evaluates actions primarily by the agent's intent. • Bruce is looking for an ethical system that focuses on what's best for him alone. • Bette is looking for an ethical system that values fostering personal improvement. • Brittney is looking for an ethical system that evaluates actions based on the good they bring about. CONCEPT Support for Virtue-Based Ethics 15 Marcy and Wayne watched from a window as a car without a handicap parking sticker parked in the reserved spot in front of their office building. A woman jumped out and ran into the building. “I’m going to report that to the front desk,” announced Marcy indignantly. “Relax,” said Wayne. “If she’s fast and doesn’t get caught, what’s the harm?” Wayne is most likely a __________. • character ethicist • divine command theorist • deontologist • consequentialist CONCEPT [Show More]

Last updated: 1 year ago

Preview 1 out of 7 pages