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Which of the following organizations developed the Open Systems Interconnection? (OSI) model? A. International Telecommunication Union (ITU-T) B. Comité Consultatif International Télégraphique e... t Téléphonique (CCITT) C. American National Standards Institute (ANSI) D. Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) E. International Organization for Standardization (ISO) - ANSWER E. ISO developed and published the OSI model to serve as a conceptual model for software and hardware developers. The ITU-T, formerly known as the CCITT, coordinates the development and advancement of international telecommunication networks and services. ANSI is a private organization that administers and coordinates a United States-based standardization and conformity assessment system. The IEEE publishes standards that define data link and physical layer standards. These standards are referred to collectively as the 802 series At which of the following layers of the Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) model do the protocols on a typical local area network (LAN) use media access control (MAC) addresses to identify other computers on the network? A. Physical B. Data link C. Network D. Transport - ANSWER B. The Ethernet (or IEEE 802.3) protocol at the data link layer uses MAC addresses to idenitify computers on the local network. MAC addresses are coded into the firmware of physical network interface adapters by the manufacturer. The physical layer deals with signals and is not involved in addressing. The IP protocol at the network layer has its own addressing system. The transport layer protocols are not involved in addressing. Which layer of the Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) model is responsible for the logical addressing of end systems and the routing of datagrams on a network? A. Physical B. Data link C. Network D. Transport E. Session F. Presentation G. Application - ANSWER C. Network layer protocols (such as IP) contain headers that specify logical addresses for end system communication and route datagrams across a network. The physical layer defines standards for physical and mechanical characteristics of a network. The data link layer uses media access control (MAC) or hardware addresses, not logical addresses. The transport layer uses port numbers, not logical addresses. Session layer protocols create and maintain a dialogue between end systems. Presentation layer protocols are responsible for the formatting, translation, and presentation of information. The application layer provides an entry point for applications to access the protocol stack and prepare information for transmission across a network. On a TCP/IP network, which layers of the Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) model contain protocols that are responsible for encapsulating the data generated by an application, creating the payload for a packet that will be transmitted over a network? (Choose all that apply.) A. Physical B. Data link C. Network D. Transport E. Session F. Presentation G. Application - ANSWER B, C, D. Before the payload data generated by an application can be transmitted over a TCP/ IP network, the system must encapsulate it by applying protocol headers and footers at three layers of the OSI model. The data link layer applies a header and footer to create an Ethernet frame. The network layer applies a header to create an IP datagram. The transport layer applies a TCP or UDP header to create a segment or datagram. The other model layers are involved in the payload transmission process, but they do not encapsulate the payload. What layer of the Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) model is responsible for translating and formatting information? A. Physical B. Data link C. Network D. Transport E. Session F. Presentation [Show More]

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