WGU community health nursing Exam Questions and Answers

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autonomy - ANSWER individuals select those actions that fulfill their goals, clients decision nonmaleficience - ANSWER no harm is done when applying standards of care beneficience - ANSWER maxim... ize possible benefits and minimize possible harms distributive justice - ANSWER fair distribution of the benefits and burden in society based on the needs and contributions of its members epidemiology - ANSWER investigative study of disease trends in populations for the purposes of disease prevention and health maintenance, relies on statistics agent - ANSWER animate or inanimate object that causes the disease (virus, trauma, fumes) host - ANSWER the living being that will be affected by the agent environment - ANSWER setting or surrounding that sustains the host incidence - ANSWER number of new cases prevalence - ANSWER existing disease in population at a particular time infant mortality rate - ANSWER number of infant deaths before 1 year of age in a year attack rate - ANSWER number of people at risk who develop certain disease epidemic - ANSWER the rate of disease exceeds the usual level of the condition behavioral theory - ANSWER focus on changing behavior through the use of reinforcement menthods cognitive theory - ANSWER focus on changing thought patters through sensory input and repetition critical theory - ANSWER focus on increasing depth of knowledge through discussion and inquiry developmental theory - ANSWER focus on human developmental stage with methods that are age-specific and age appropriate with importance given to "readiness to learn" humanistic theory - ANSWER focus on feelings and relationships, principle that learners will do what is in their best interest social learning theory - ANSWER focus on changing the learners expectations and beliefs through methods that link information to beliefs and values primary prevention - ANSWER prevent occurrence, immunizations, classes secondary prevention - ANSWER early detection and treatment, screenings, treat STD tertiary prevention - ANSWER recovery after occurrence, rehab, shelter airborne illnesses - ANSWER measles, chickenpox, strep, TB, pneumonia, flu foodborne illnesses - ANSWER salmonella, Hep A, trich, E coli waterborne illness (fecal contamination of water) - ANSWER cholera, typhoid fever, giarda lamblia vector borne -mosquito/tick illnesses - ANSWER lyme disease, rocky mountain spotted fever, malaria direct contact illnesses - ANSWER STD's, mono, impetigo, lice, scabies change agent - ANSWER advocate for needed change at the local, state, or federal level lobbyists - ANSWER persuade or influence legislators coalitions - ANSWER facilitation of goal achievement through the collaboration of two or more groups public office - ANSWER serving society and advocating for change by influencing policy development through public service community based nursing - ANSWER health of individuals, and groups within a community community oriented nursing - ANSWER health of the community as a whole population focused nursing - ANSWER assessments/ interventions for at risk populations culture - ANSWER beliefs, values, and assumptions about life that are widely held among a group of people and are transmitted across generations environmental health - ANSWER influence of environmental conditions on the development of disease or injury acculturation - ANSWER process of learning a new culture cultural awareness - ANSWER self awareness of one's own cultural background, biases, and differences cultural competence - ANSWER knowing, appreciating, and considering the culture of someone else in resolving problems WHO - ANSWER World health organization, provides daily information regarding the occurrence of internationally important diseases, establishes world standards for antibiotics and vaccines, focus on health care workforce and education, environment, sanitation, infectious diseases, maternal and child health, and primary care Federal Health Agencies - ANSWER under direction of secretary of health, funded through federal taxes, Medicare, Medicaid, CDC, FDA State Health Departments - ANSWER WIC, handle licensing of nurses and nursing schools, funded through state taxes and federal funding Local Health Department - ANSWER focus on health of its citizens, funded through local taxes, state funds, and federal funds informant interviews - ANSWER direct discussion with community members for the purpose of obtaining ideas and opinions from key informants community forum - ANSWER open public meeting secondary data - ANSWER use of existing data to assess problem windshield survey - ANSWER descriptive approach that assesses several community components by driving through a community focus groups - ANSWER directed talk with a representative sample surveys - ANSWER specific questions asked in a written format participant observation - ANSWER observation of formal or informal community activities [Show More]

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