N3333 Health Promotions Exam 1 Study Guide( latest updated)

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WEEK 1 MATERIALS: Health Promotion, Wellness & Healthy Lifestyles Readings Edelman Health - is a state of physical, mental, spiritual, and social functioning that realizes a person’s potential and... is experienced within a developmental context. Although health is, in part, an individual’s responsibility, health also requires collective action to ensure a society and an environment in which people can act responsibly to support health. • In the past Health was merely the absence of disease (physical part) • 4 components – Person, Health, Environment & Nurse Wellness - is a positive state in which incremental increases in health can be made beyond the midpoint Illness - is composed of the subjective experience of the individual and the physical manifestation of disease • Wellness-Illness Continuum – Depicts the relationship between health and illness – Wellness is a positive state in which increases in health can be made. The opposite end of the continuum is illness, with the possibility of decreases in health beyond the midpoint Smith’s 4 Models of Health • Clinical Model – Absense of Disease, No signs or symptoms – Will not seek preventative health care – will only seek care when very ill - Conventional model • Role Performance - individuals’ ability to perform social roles including work, family, and social roles – illness would be a failure to perform the roles - model is the basis for occupational health evaluations, school physical examinations, and physician-excused absences (sick role) • Adaptive Model - people’s ability to adjust positively to social, mental, and physiological change is the measure of their health. Illness occurs when the person fails to adapt or becomes maladaptive to these changes • Eudaimonistic - exuberant well-being indicates optimal health. This model emphasizes the interactions between physical, social, psychological, and spiritual aspects of life and the environment that contribute to goal attainment and create meaning. Illness is reflected by a denervation or languishing, a lack of involvement with life. Health Promotion is a series of interventions targeted at improving the health of an individual, population or community. • Behavior Motivated by the desire – to increase well being by providing incentives • Individual lifestyle strategies • Influence over one’s health by education and community Develop healthy behaviors by learning new information (knowledge), applying new things on a daily basis (techniques) and the availability of community support. It takes 21 DAYS to develop a new habit The Transtheoretical Model (TTM) - six stages that people spiral through on a path toward making and sustaining a behavioral change to promote health. These stages are: • Precontemplative - Not considering change • Contemplative - Aware of but not considering change soon • Preparation - Planning to act soon • Action - Has begun to make behavioral change (recent) • Maintenance - Continued commitment to behavior (long-term) • Relapse - Reverted to old behavior Tools of Prevention ( see info below for three levels) • Healthy Lifestyle • Vaccinations • Screen Participation • Preventative Drug Therapy Types of Diagnoses Wellness Diagnoses • No obvious problems • Positive Focus • Hidden Needs o Shows a client wanting to reach a higher level of wellness o Positive Statements – Look at clients strengths and focus on the positive aspects of their condition, age, or situations – Identify where the nurse can intervene NANDA • Problems Exist • Negative Focus • Physical Needs One –Part • Client Response Only • Unable to identify Conditions • EXAMPLE: increased problem solving ability Two-Part • Able to identify condition(s) • Long term care relates to the response • EXAMPLE: Beginning maternal attachment related to initiation of breastfeeding • EXAMPLE: attainment of health eating habits related to family’s busy schedule Qualifiers for Developing Diagnoses • Attainment • Continued • Increased • Sustained • Completion • Acceptance View Permanent Healthy Lifestyle Changes (Video Clip): • Ingrid Kelly – Nursing Student at UTA • Dx with Breast Cancer and Fibermyaglia • Weight gain in 30s – age 40 Rude awakening = Breast Cancer • Self Education – What works for YOU • Basis of food based off how it made her feel – Diet improved and felt wonderful = reward • Obsessive with scale and numbers – let this go • 3 years of achieving healthy eating – after that the weight just went off – ‘finally got it’ • Lift weights (2/week) – Swimming – Running • Living like your dying after breast cancer • Water is essential in weight loss – more efficient burning calories and clearing waster – 8 glasses or more • Struggled with diet for 2-3 years – hit plateau – raise activity level – burn more than what you are consuming • Had young kids and a busy lifestyle – Change, incorporate activities with children – realize that you need to do things for you • Managing stress and stress eating • LOVE YOURSELF TO MAKE THE CHANGE Healthy People View HP Website Vision • A society in which all people live long, healthy lives. Mission Healthy People 2020 strives to: • Identify nationwide health improvement priorities. • Increase public awareness and understanding of the determinants of health, disease, and disability and the opportunities for progress. • Provide measurable objectives and goals that are applicable at the national, State, and local levels. • Engage multiple sectors to take actions to strengthen policies and improve practices that are driven by the best available evidence and knowledge. • Identify critical research, evaluation, and data collection needs. Overarching Goals • Attain high-quality, longer lives free of preventable disease, disability, injury, and premature death. • Achieve health equity, eliminate disparities, and improve the health of all groups. • Create social and physical environments that promote good health for all. • Promote quality of life, healthy development, and healthy behaviors across all life stages. Prevention Levels Prevention Levels Practice – Web link: Health promotion activities are designed to protect and promote health, and to prevent illness. • Primary Prevention focuses on generalized health promotion and protection against specific health problems. It precedes disease and is applied to generally healthy individuals or groups. Examples: o risk assessment for specific diseases o Health education about preventing illness o Immunization against specific illnesses • Secondary Prevention focuses on early identification of health problems and prompt interventions to alleviate health problems. Examples: o Screening for specific illnesses such as development disabilities, cancer, or hypertension o Nursing interventions designed to prevent complications such as administering medications o Initiating dietary changes to promote elimination • Tertiary Prevention focuses on restoration and rehabilitation with the goal of returning an individual to an optimum level of functioning. Examples: o Referring a person whom has had a stroke to rehab o Teaching someone with diabetes how to identify and prevent complications 1. A public health nurse provides vaccine to clients at an immunization clinic = PRIMARY 2. Mrs. Smith is referred to a cardiac rehabilitation program following coronary artery bypass surgery = TERTIARY 3. A nurse teaches Breast Self Examination to participants at a women’s health fair = SECONDARY 4. When Mr. Jones has his annual physical. The NP gives him information on how to collect a specimen for occult blood to check for cancer of the colon = SECONDARY 5. The local hospital offers monthly cholesterol screenings to the public = SECONDARY 6. Mrs. Arnold goes to the local clinic for her yearly pelvic exam and pap test = SECONDARY 7. The community mental health nurse provides information on risk factors for suicide to the local Parent-Teacher Association = PRIMARY 8. A nurse at a long-term facility directs a nursing assistant to turn and reposition a bedridden patient every two hours = SECONDARY 9. A nurse clinician teaches a group of recently diagnosed diabetic clients how to recognize hypoglycemic and hyperglycemic reactions = TERTIARY 10. The public health nurse provides blood pressure screening at the local bank = SECONDARY Readings - Food, Nutrition & Health (Nix) Nutrition is the food people eat and how their bodies use [Show More]

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