HESI EXAM 1 LATEST UPDATE 2023-2024 UPDATED 2023 STUDY GUIDE EXAM QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT ANSWERS

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While assessing a radial artery catheter, the client complains of numbness and pain distal to the insertion site. What interventions should the nurse implement? -answer- Promptly remove the arterial c... atheter from the radial artery. A client is admitted with an epidural hematoma that resulted from a skateboarding accident. To differentiate the vascular source of the intracranial bleeding, which finding should the nurse monitor? -answer- Rapid onset of decreased level of consciousness. When preparing a client for discharge from the hospital following a cystectomy and a urinary diversion to treat bladder cancer, which instruction is most important for the nurse to include in the client's discharge teaching plan? -answer- Report any signs of cloudy urine output. After repositioning an immobile client, the nurse observes an area of hyperemia. To assess for blanching, what action should the nurse take? -answer- Apply light pressure over the area. The nurse enters a client's room and observes the client's wrist restraint secured as seen in the picture. What action should the nurse take? -answer- Reposition the restraint tie onto the bedframe. A female client with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is chemically paralyzed and sedated while she is on as assist-control ventilator using 50% FIO2. Which assessment finding warrants immediate intervention by the nurse? -answer- Diminished lef t lower lobe sounds Rationale: Diminished lobe sounds indicate collapsed alveoli or tension pneumothorax, which required immediate chest tube insertion to re-inflate the lung. The development of atherosclerosis is a process of sequential events. Arrange the pathophysiological events in orders of occurrence. (Place the first event on top and the last on the bottom) -answer- Arterial endothelium injury causes inflammation Macrophages consume low density lipoprotein (LDL), creating foam cells Foam cells release growth factors for smooth muscle cells Smooth muscle grows over fatty streaks creating fibrous plaques Vessel narrowing results in ischemia Following a motor vehicle collision, an adult female with a ruptured spleen and a blood pressure of 70/44, had an emergency splenectomy. Twelve hours after the surgery, her urine output is 25 ml/hour for the last two hours. What pathophysiological reason supports the nurse's decision to report this finding to the healthcare provider? -answer- Oliguria signals tubular necrosis related to hypoperfusion A nurse-manager is preparing the curricula for a class for charge nurses. A staffing formula based on what data ensures quality client care and is most cost-effective? -answer- Skills of staff and client acuity When performing postural drainage on a client with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD), which approach should the nurse use? -answer- Explain that the client may be placed in five positions A client presents in the emergency room with right-sided facial asymmetry. The nurse asks the client to perform a series of movements that require use of the facial muscles. What symptoms suggest that the client has most likely experience a Bell's palsy rather than a stroke? -answer- Inability to close the affected eye, raise brow, or smile The nurse is teaching a client how to perform colostomy irrigations. When observing the client's return demonstration, which action indicated that the client understood the teaching? -answer- Keeps the irrigating container less than 18 inches above the stoma The nurse should teach the client to observe which precaution while taking dronedarone? -answer- Avoid grapefruits and its juice A client who sustained a head injury following an automobile collision is admitted to the hospital. The nurse include the client's risk for developing increased intracranial pressure (ICP) in the plan of care. Which signs indicate to the nurse that ICP has increased? -answer- Increased Glasgow coma scale score. Nuchal rigidity and papilledema. Confusion and papilledema Periorbital ecchymosis. Rationale: papilledema is always an indicator of increased ICP, and confusion is usually the first sign of increased ICP. Other options do not necessarily reflect increased ICP. The nurse is caring for a client receiving continuous IV fluids through a single lumen central venous catheter (CVC). Based on the CVC care bundle, which action should be completed daily to reduce the risk for infection? -answer- Confirm the necessity for continued use of the CVC. During an annual physical examination, an older woman's fasting blood sugar (FBS) is determined to be 140 mg/dl or 7.8 mmol/L (SI). Which additional finding obtained during a follow-up visit 2 weeks later is most indicative that the client has diabetes mellitus (DM)? -answer- Repeated fasting blood sugar (FBS) is 132 mg/dl or 7.4 mmol/L (SI). [Show More]

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