CPH CERTIFIED IN PUBLIC HEALTH EXAMS

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• Indirect- transferred at as distance greater than 3 feet, vehicle-borne indirect transmission like food, liquid, people, objects: vector-borne indirect transmission- usually arthropods, airborne... transmission – smaller droplets that suspend in the air for longer periods of time PATTERNS OF TRANSMISSION • Uni-directional(nonhuman to human) vs bi-directional ( nonhuman to human to nonhuman) • Vertical - parent to child during fetal dev, birth, breastfeeding) vs horizontal (person to person) • Endogenous (internal source) vs exogenous (external source) 4. Describe contemporary issuesthat influence communicable disease. 5. Define and discuss conceptsrelated to immunity, immunizations, and vaccines. (including differences between active and passive, artificial and natural immunizations; cross and herd immunity) natural-body’s innate response • Active immunity-body develops antibodies after exposure, natural contact with the infection • Passive immunity-antibodiestransferred from another person or animal ,breastmilk or through the placenta Artificial- body’s response purposely induced • Active immunity- inoculation of antigen • Passive- inoculation of antibody or antitoxin from another person or animal • Crossimmunity-antibodiesto one disease protectsfrom another disease • Herd immunity- immunity among the majority protectsthose without immunity • Immunizations- broad term- process in which an active or passive immunity to an infectious disease is induced or amplified, vaccines, antitoxins, or immune globulins • Vaccination- narrower term- refersto administration of a vaccine ortoxoid to confer active immunity by stimulating the body to produce its own antibodies • Live attenuated or inactivated vaccines are two types 7. Identify recommended adult immunizations (including contraindications) 19 years and older • HPV, influenza, meningococcal (19 -21 Y.O.), pneumococcal, polio. Td and Tdap, varicella, Zoster (60 and older), MMR (19 to 59) • Live vaccines contraindicated for pregnant woman, immunocompromised pts, severe allergic reaction to vaccine or vaccine components, encephalopathy, moderate to severe illnesses, recently received an antibody containing product 8. Be familiar with infectious and communicable disease agentsthat are of concern for the health of populations today. • COIVD-19, Hep A, Hep B, Influenza [Show More]

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