Test Bank Health Psychology 5th Canadian Edition by Taylor, Sirois, Molnar

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Chapter 02 The Systems of the Body True / False Questions 1. Regulation of the autonomic nervous system occurs via the sympathetic nervous system and the parasympathetic nervous system.... TRUE Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms: Remember Difficulty: Medium Learning Objective: 02-01 Describe the function of the nervous system. Topic: 02-02 The Brain 2. The structures of the limbic system play an important role in stress and emotional responses. TRUE Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms: Understand Difficulty: Medium Learning Objective: 02-01 Describe the function of the nervous system. Topic: 02-03 The Role of Neurotransmitters 3. The endocrine system is responsible for fast-acting, short-duration responses to changes in the body. FALSE Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms: Understand Difficulty: Hard Learning Objective: 02-02 Explain how the endocrine system operates. Topic: 02-07 Disorders of the Endocrine System   4. Angina pectoris is most likely to occur when a clot has developed in a coronary vessel and blocks the flow of blood to the heart. FALSE Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms: Understand Difficulty: Medium Learning Objective: 02-03 Identify how the cardiovascular system works. Topic: 02-13 Disorders Related to White Cell Production 5. Arteriosclerosis results when elasticity of arteries decreases making them rigid and hard. TRUE Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms: Understand Difficulty: Medium Learning Objective: 02-03 Identify how the cardiovascular system works. Topic: 02-13 Disorders Related to White Cell Production 6. Antigens are foreign substances whose presence stimulates the production of antibodies in the cell tissues. TRUE Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms: Understand Difficulty: Easy Learning Objective: 02-05 Understand the physiological systems involved in the stress response. Topic: 02-20 What are the Physiological Systems Involved in the Stress Response? 7. Compared to women, men are at greater risk of contracting autoimmune disease. FALSE Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms: Analyze Difficulty: Medium Learning Objective: 02-05 Understand the physiological systems involved in the stress response. Topic: 02-22 HPA Activation   Multiple Choice Questions 8. The nervous system consists of which two primary components? A. brain; spinal cord B. central nervous system; peripheral nervous system C. internal nervous system; external nervous system D. sensory nervous system; motor nervous system E. sympathetic nervous system; parasympathetic nervous system Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms: Remember Difficulty: Easy Learning Objective: 02-01 Describe the function of the nervous system. Topic: 02-02 The Brain 9. The peripheral nervous system consists of the _______________ and the _______________. A. brain; spinal cord B. central nervous system; parasympathetic nervous system C. central nervous system; sympathetic nervous system D. somatic nervous system; autonomic nervous system E. central nervous system; somatic nervous system Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms: Remember Difficulty: Medium Learning Objective: 02-01 Describe the function of the nervous system. Topic: 02-02 The Brain   10. The _______________ nervous system connects the central nervous system with all internal organs. A. internal B. external C. autonomic D. somatic E. voluntary Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms: Analyze Difficulty: Hard Learning Objective: 02-01 Describe the function of the nervous system. Topic: 02-02 The Brain 11. The _______________ nervous system mobilizes the body in response to stress; the _______________ nervous system controls the activities of the visceral organs under normal conditions. A. parasympathetic; sympathetic B. sympathetic; parasympathetic C. central; peripheral D. internal; external E. voluntary; central Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms: Analyze Difficulty: Hard Learning Objective: 02-01 Describe the function of the nervous system. Topic: 02-02 The Brain 12. Damage to the cerebellum is associated with impaired A. muscular coordination. B. respiration. C. blood flow. D. memory. E. vision. Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms: Understand Difficulty: Medium Learning Objective: 02-01 Describe the function of the nervous system. Topic: 02-03 The Role of Neurotransmitters   13. The _______________ helps regulate the centres in the medulla that control cardiac functioning, blood pressure, and respiration. A. forebrain B. hindbrain C. hypothalamus D. medulla E. primary somatic sensory cortex Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms: Understand Difficulty: Medium Learning Objective: 02-01 Describe the function of the nervous system. Topic: 02-03 The Role of Neurotransmitters 14. Mark has been preparing for his graduate school entrance exam for several weeks and is very nervous about how he will perform. Furthermore, Mark has lost his appetite and his boyfriend is concerned that he has lost interest in him because he has not displayed any sexual desire lately. Which area of Mark's brain appears to be dysregulated? A. hypothalamus B. adrenal medulla C. limbic system D. pituitary gland E. parietal lobe Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms: Apply Difficulty: Hard Learning Objective: 02-02 Explain how the endocrine system operates. Topic: 02-05 How Does the Endocrine System Operate?   15. John appears to be physically rigid. He walks slowly and seems to always have a shaky left hand. Which condition is John presenting? A. epilepsy B. Parkinson's disease C. cerebral palsy D. Alzheimer's disease E. multiple sclerosis Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms: Apply Difficulty: Hard Learning Objective: 02-02 Explain how the endocrine system operates. Topic: 02-05 How Does the Endocrine System Operate? 16. Which of the following is the most frequent cause of dementia? A. Alzheimer's disease B. Huntington's disease C. cerebral palsy D. arthritis E. heart disease Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms: Remember Difficulty: Hard Learning Objective: 02-02 Explain how the endocrine system operates. Topic: 02-05 How Does the Endocrine System Operate? 17. Catecholamines are A. specific genes. B. neurotransmitters. C. antigens. D. responsible for a decrease in heart rate. E. responsible for decreasing blood pressure. Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms: Understand Difficulty: Hard Learning Objective: 02-01 Describe the function of the nervous system. Topic: 02-04 Disorders of the Nervous System   18. Secretion of catecholamines A. decreases heart rate and blood pressure. B. produces a state of relaxation. C. increases heart rate and blood pressure. D. stimulates digestion and urination. E. dilates blood vessels. Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms: Understand Difficulty: Hard Learning Objective: 02-01 Describe the function of the nervous system. Topic: 02-04 Disorders of the Nervous System 19. _______________ is a chronic, nonprogressive disorder of the nervous system that is marked by lack of muscle control. A. Epilepsy B. Parkinson's disease C. Myasthenia gravis D. Cerebral palsy E. Multiple Sclerosis Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms: Apply Difficulty: Hard Learning Objective: 02-02 Explain how the endocrine system operates. Topic: 02-05 How Does the Endocrine System Operate? 20. At birth, the blood supply to Fatima's brain was interrupted, which caused brain damage. As a result, she lacks control of her muscles and frequently experiences seizures. Fatima has ____. A. epilepsy B. Parkinson's disease C. myasthenia gravis D. cerebral palsy E. multiple sclerosis Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms: Apply Difficulty: Hard Learning Objective: 02-02 Explain how the endocrine system operates. Topic: 02-05 How Does the Endocrine System Operate?   21. The gene for _______________ has been isolated, and a test is now available that can indicate if a person is a carrier of the gene and at what age the carrier will succumb to the disease. A. epilepsy B. myasthenia gravis C. multiple sclerosis D. Parkinson's disease E. Huntington's disease Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms: Analyze Difficulty: Medium Learning Objective: 02-02 Explain how the endocrine system operates. Topic: 02-05 How Does the Endocrine System Operate? 22. The nervous system is chiefly responsible for _______________ responses to changes in the body; whereas the endocrine system governs mainly _______________ responses. A. fast-acting, short-duration; slow-acting, long-duration B. slow-acting, long-duration; fast-acting, short-duration C. fast-acting, long-duration; slow-acting, short-duration D. complementary; antagonistic E. slow-acting, short-duration; fast-acting, long-duration Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms: Analyze Difficulty: Hard Learning Objective: 02-02 Explain how the endocrine system operates. Topic: 02-07 Disorders of the Endocrine System 23. The release of steroids via the adrenal cortex is stimulated by A. oxytocin. B. cortisol. C. thyrotropic hormone (TSH). D. adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH). E. vasopressin. Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms: Remember Difficulty: Hard Learning Objective: 02-03 Identify how the cardiovascular system works. Topic: 02-08 What is the Cardiovascular System?   24. Type I diabetes A. typically occurs after age 40. B. is a condition that occurs when the immune system falsely identifies and destroys cells in the pancreas, which compromises or eliminates their ability to produce insulin. C. is a condition that is heavily influenced by one's lifestyle. D. is different than type II diabetes because it lacks a genetic origin. E. disproportionately affects white males. Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms: Understand Difficulty: Medium Learning Objective: 02-03 Identify how the cardiovascular system works. Topic: 02-09 The Heart 25. Conditions associated with diabetes include A. deafness. B. colour blindness. C. coronary heart disease. D. skeletal system damage. E. loss of hair. Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms: Apply Difficulty: Hard Learning Objective: 02-03 Identify how the cardiovascular system works. Topic: 02-09 The Heart 26. The _______________ carry blood from the heart to oxygenate other organs and tissues. A. arteries B. veins C. capillaries D. ventricles E. atria Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms: Remember Difficulty: Easy Learning Objective: 02-03 Identify how the cardiovascular system works. Topic: 02-11 Blood Pressure   27. _______________ is chest pain which occurs because the muscle tissue of the heart must continue its activity without a sufficient supply of oxygen or adequate removal of carbon dioxide and other waste products. A. Angina pectoris B. Myocardial infarction C. Phlebitis D. Arteriosclerosis E. Aneurysm Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms: Understand Difficulty: Medium Learning Objective: 02-03 Identify how the cardiovascular system works. Topic: 02-13 Disorders Related to White Cell Production 28. Atherosclerosis is associated with which two primary clinical manifestations? A. angina pectoris; myocardial infarction B. multiple sclerosis; amyotrophic lateral sclerosis C. upper respiratory tract infections; lower respiratory tract infections D. Crohn's disease; celiac disease E. cystic fibrosis; mesothelioma Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms: Understand Difficulty: Medium Learning Objective: 02-03 Identify how the cardiovascular system works. Topic: 02-13 Disorders Related to White Cell Production 29. During _______________, blood is pumped out of the heart. During _______________, blood is taken into the heart. A. relaxation; contraction B. diastole; systole C. systole; diastole D. atherosclerosis; hypertension E. angina pectoris; myocardial infarction Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms: Remember Difficulty: Easy Learning Objective: 02-03 Identify how the cardiovascular system works. Topic: 02-11 Blood Pressure   30. Hypertension is caused by A. low blood pressure. B. a viral infection. C. a bacterial infection. D. a parasitic infection. E. too high of a cardiac output. Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms: Remember Difficulty: Easy Learning Objective: 02-03 Identify how the cardiovascular system works. Topic: 02-14 Disorders Related to Red Cell Production 31. Approximately ____% of Canadians aged 12 and over have hypertension. A. 10 B. 14 C. 18 D. 22 E. 26 Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms: Remember Difficulty: Easy Learning Objective: 02-03 Identify how the cardiovascular system works. Topic: 02-14 Disorders Related to Red Cell Production 32. Approximately 55% of blood volume is composed of A. platelets. B. white blood cells. C. red blood cells. D. plasma. E. hemoglobin. Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms: Remember Difficulty: Easy Learning Objective: 02-04 Describe the function of the immune system. Topic: 02-15 What is the Function of the Immune System?   33. ________________ is a blood clotting disorder in which individuals are unable to produce thromboplastin and fibrin. A. Arteriosclerosis. B. Anemia. C. Leukopenia. D. Hemophilia. E. Erythrocytosis. Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms: Analyze Difficulty: Medium Learning Objective: 02-04 Describe the function of the immune system. Topic: 02-17 Immunity 34. The course of infection follows a specific sequence. Which of the following lists presents the correct order of sequence? A. incubation period, period of nonspecific symptoms, acute phase, period of decline. B. period of nonspecific symptoms, incubation period, acute phase, period of decline. C. acute phase, incubation period, period of nonspecific symptoms, period of decline. D. incubation period, acute phase, period of decline. E. incubation period, period of nonspecific symptoms, period of decline, recovery. Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms: Analyze Difficulty: Hard Learning Objective: 02-04 Describe the function of the immune system. Topic: 02-19 Disorders Related to the Immune System 35. B lymphocytes play an important role in the functioning of the immune system by A. secreting chemicals that kill invading organisms and infected cells. B. providing protection against bacteria, neutralizing toxins produced by bacteria, and preventing viral infection. C. down-regulating and eventually turning off the immune response. D. preventing the circulation of body fluids, such as blood. E. acting immediately after cells become infected. Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms: Analyze Difficulty: Medium Learning Objective: 02-04 Describe the function of the immune system. Topic: 02-18 The Lymphatic System's Role in Immunity   36. Nabila contracted influenza from school when she accidentally shared and infected classmate's water bottle. This is an example of ______ transmission. A. direct B. indirect C. biological D. mechanical E. chemical Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms: Analyze Difficulty: Medium Learning Objective: 02-04 Describe the function of the immune system. Topic: 02-18 The Lymphatic System's Role in Immunity 37. Infections may be A. localized, focal, or systemic. B. localized, focal, or non-systemic. C. non-localized, non-focal, or non-systemic. D. localized, non-focal, or systemic. E. non-localized, focal, or systemic. Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms: Remember Difficulty: Medium Learning Objective: 02-04 Describe the function of the immune system. Topic: 02-19 Disorders Related to the Immune System 38. Nonspecific immunity is mediated in four ways. Which of the following is not one of the four ways? A. anatomical barriers. B. phagocytosis. C. inflammatory responses. D. antimicrobial substances. E. blood clotting. Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms: Remember Difficulty: Hard Learning Objective: 02-05 Understand the physiological systems involved in the stress response. Topic: 02-20 What are the Physiological Systems Involved in the Stress Response?   39. Shanice had an outbreak of measles. Her body has now built ______ immunity for measles. A. natural B. artificial C. acquired D. nonspecific E. specific Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms: Analyze Difficulty: Hard Learning Objective: 02-05 Understand the physiological systems involved in the stress response. Topic: 02-20 What are the Physiological Systems Involved in the Stress Response? 40. Humoral immunity is mediated by A. B lymphocytes. B. TC cells C. NK cells. D. phagocytosis. E. TH cells. Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms: Remember Difficulty: Medium Learning Objective: 02-05 Understand the physiological systems involved in the stress response. Topic: 02-20 What are the Physiological Systems Involved in the Stress Response? 41. Cell-mediated immunity is mediated by A. B cells. B. TC and TH cells. C. B cells and helper and suppressor T cells. D. interferon. E. NK cells. Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms: Remember Difficulty: Medium Learning Objective: 02-05 Understand the physiological systems involved in the stress response. Topic: 02-20 What are the Physiological Systems Involved in the Stress Response?   42. The spleen A. secretes insulin and bile into the bloodstream. B. produces neurotransmitters and corticosteroids. C. aids in the production of B and T cells and filters the blood. D. produces red blood cells. E. aids in the production of NK cells. Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms: Remember Difficulty: Medium Learning Objective: 02-05 Understand the physiological systems involved in the stress response. Topic: 02-21 Sympathetic Activation 43. Infectious disorders A. are acute problems that end when their course has run. B. that are kept in control through hygiene may have paradoxically increased the rates of these disorders. C. are not linked to the development of any chronic diseases. D. are largely under control in developed countries. E. are genetic in origin. Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms: Analyze Difficulty: Medium Learning Objective: 02-05 Understand the physiological systems involved in the stress response. Topic: 02-22 HPA Activation 44. Infectious disorders A. are eradicated in the most developed countries. B. may be a result of advanced sanitation and refrigeration. C. consist of viral infections only. D. do not cause chronic diseases. E. can be treated effectively with large doses of antibiotics. Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms: Analyze Difficulty: Medium Learning Objective: 02-05 Understand the physiological systems involved in the stress response. Topic: 02-22 HPA Activation   45. Autoimmunity A. involves the progressive, chronic enlargement of lymphatic tissue. B. is a viral disorder marked by an unusually large number of monocytes. C. is acquired through measures such as vaccination. D. is a condition in which a specific humoral or cell-mediated immune response attacks the body's own tissue. E. is a condition seen only in women. Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms: Understand Difficulty: Easy Learning Objective: 02-05 Understand the physiological systems involved in the stress response. Topic: 02-22 HPA Activation 46. Autoimmunity may be implicated in A. diabetes. B. arthritis. C. hypertension. D. jaundice. E. typhoid. Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms: Understand Difficulty: Medium Learning Objective: 02-05 Understand the physiological systems involved in the stress response. Topic: 02-22 HPA Activation 47. Systemic lupus erythematosus is ________. A. an autoimmune disorder B. a genetic disorder which primarily affects men. C. a non-generalized disorder. D. not a severe condition. E. a birth-related disorder. Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms: Understand Difficulty: Medium Learning Objective: 02-05 Understand the physiological systems involved in the stress response. Topic: 02-22 HPA Activation   48. Inflammation is also implicated in A. strokes. B. renal failure. C. hemophilia. D. asthma. E. mood disorders. Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms: Understand Difficulty: Medium Learning Objective: 02-05 Understand the physiological systems involved in the stress response. Topic: 02-22 HPA Activation 49. The adrenal cortex produces _______________ in response to stress. A. epinephrine and norepinephrine B. glucocorticoids C. endogenous opioids D. ACTH E. oxytocin Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms: Remember Difficulty: Easy Learning Objective: 02-05 Understand the physiological systems involved in the stress response. Topic: 02-22 HPA Activation 50. The activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical (HPA) axis most closely resembles the ___________ model of stress. A. fight or flight B. tend and befriend C. general adaptation syndrome D. primary appraisal E. sympathetic arousal Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms: Remember Difficulty: Easy Learning Objective: 02-05 Understand the physiological systems involved in the stress response. Topic: 02-22 HPA Activation   Short Answer Questions 51. Describe the difference between the nervous system and endocrine system's response to stress. Provide at least two functions of each system's stress response in your answer. Answers may vary. Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms: Remember Blooms: Understand Difficulty: Hard Learning Objective: 02-01 Describe the function of the nervous system. Topic: 02-02 The Brain 52. Describe the structure and function of both sides of the heart. In your answer, explain the two phases of the cardiac cycle. Answers may vary. Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms: Remember Blooms: Understand Difficulty: Hard Learning Objective: 02-03 Identify how the cardiovascular system works. Topic: 02-12 The Blood 53. Compare and contrast nonspecific and specific immune mechanisms. Provide at least two examples of each. Answers may vary. Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms: Analyze Difficulty: Hard Learning Objective: 02-05 Understand the physiological systems involved in the stress response. Topic: 02-20 What are the Physiological Systems Involved in the Stress Response?   54. Explain how the sympathetic-adrenomedullary (SAM) and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical (HPA) axis are implicated in the physiological response to stress. Answers may vary. Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms: Understand Difficulty: Hard Learning Objective: 02-05 Understand the physiological systems involved in the stress response. Topic: 02-21 Sympathetic Activation Topic: 02-22 HPA Activation [Show More]

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