BIOLOGY 100 exam Questions and Answers

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BIOLOGY 100 exam A nurse is providing follow-up care for a client who sustained a compound fracture three weeks ago. The nurse should recognize that an unexpected finding for which of the followin... g laboratory values is a manifestation of osteomyelitis and should be reported to the provider Sedimentation rate. And increased sedimentation rate occurs when a client has any type of inflammatory process such as osteomyelitis A nurse is caring for a client who has hypothyroidism. Which of the following manifestations should the nurse expect Constipation. A nurse at an urgent care clinic is caring for a client who is experiencing an anaphylactic reaction. After ensuring a patent Airway which of the following interventions is the priority applying oxygen via face mask because the priority intervention is for the nurse to apply oxygen using a high-flow non-rebreather mask to deliver oxygen at 90 to 100% Where would you palpate to assess for an inguinal hernia The nurse should palpate at the right groin area A nurse is checking the ECG Rhythm strip for a client who has a temporary pacemaker the nurse notes a spike or a pacemaker artifact followed by a QRS complex. Which of the following actions should the nurse take Document that depolarization has occurred. A nurse is caring for a client who is eight hours post-operative following a total hip arthroplasty the client is unable to void on the bed pan Which of the following actions should the nurse take first Scan the bladder with a portable ultrasound A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving tpn a new bag is not available when the current infusion is nearly completed which of the following actions should the nurse takeAdminister dextrose 10% in water until the new bag arrives. A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has a gastric ulcer and a new prescription for Omeprazole. The nurse should instruct the client that the medication provides Relief by which of the following actions Suppressing gastric acid production. A nurse is providing discharge teaching to a client who is to self administer heparin subcutaneously. Which of the following responses by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching I will use an electric razor to shave. a nurse is caring for a client following excavation of her endotracheal tube 10 minutes ago. Which of the following findings should the nurse report to the provider immediately Strider. Using the Urgent vs. Non-urgent approach to client care the nurse should determine that the priority finding a Strider. a nurse is caring for a client who had a nephrostomy tube inserted 12 hours ago. Which of the following findings should the nurse report to the provider The client reports back pain the nurse should notify the provider if the client reports back pain which can indicate that the nephrostomy tube is dislodged or clogged A nurse is assessing a client while suctioning the clients tracheostomy tube which of the following findings should indicate to the nurse that the client is experiencing hypoxia The clients heart rate increases A nurse is planning teaching for a client who has bladder cancer and is to undergo a cutaneous diversion procedure to establish and ureterostomy. Which of the following statements should the nurse include in the teaching Cut the opening of The Skin Barrier one eighth of an inch wider than the stoma. A nurse is teaching a client who has atrial fibrillation about the purpose of wearing a Holter monitor. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching This device can detect when you have an irregular heart rate because it reports electrical impulses of the heart and alerts the nurse to dysrhythmias myocardial injury. a Holter monitor allows the client freedom of movement while cardiac activity is recorded A nurse is providing discharge teaching to a client who has heart failure and a new prescription for potassium sparing diuretic which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching Try to walk at least 3 times per week for exercise A nurse is caring for a client who has chronic glomerulonephritis with oliguria which of the following findings should the nurse identify as a manifestation of chronic glomerulonephritis Hyperkalemia as a result of kidney failure because kidney failure results in decreased excretion of potassium A nurses in an acute care facility is caring for a client who is at risk for seizures which of the following precautions should the nurse implement Ensure that the client has a patent IV in the event that the client requires medication to stop seizure activity A nurse is caring for a client who has bilateral pneumonia and an spo2 of 88% the client is dyspneic and productive cough and is using accessory muscles to breathe which of the following actions should the nurse take first Place the client in a high Fowler's position A nurse is caring for a client who has a new diagnosis of hyperthyroidism which of the following is the priority assessment finding that the nurse should report to the provider Blood pressure of 170 over 80 because systolic blood pressure of 170 which indicates that the client is at risk for thyroid stormA nurse is reviewing the medication history of a client who is to undergo allergy testing the nurse should instruct the client to discontinue which of the following medications before testing Prednisone A nurse is caring for a client who has an arterial line. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? Place a pressure bag around the flush solution. A nurse is caring for a client who has a new prescription for tpn the client is to receive 2,000 kcalories per day the t-pn solution has 500 kcalories per liter the IV pump should be set at how many milliliters per hour 167 milliliters per hour A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has AIDS which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching I will take my temperature once a day A nurse is assessing a client who has peripheral artery disease which of the following findings should the nurse expect Hair loss on the lower legs A nurse is providing teaching to an older adult client who has cancer and a new prescription for an opioid analgesic for pain management which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching You should increase your fiber intake to prevent constipation A nurse is planning care for a client who is scheduled for a thoracentesis which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the plan Encourage the client to take deep breaths after the procedure to expand the lungA nurse is caring for a client who has a prescription for Enalapril the nurse should identify which of the following findings as an adverse effect of the medication Orthostatic hypotension A charge nurse is instructing a newly licensed nurse about caring for a client who has MRSA which of the following statements by the newly licensed nurse indicates an understanding of the teaching I will leave assessment equipment in the room to use on this client the nurse should follow contact precautions and use dedicated equipment when assessing the client to prevent crosscontamination with other clients A nurse is caring for a client who recently had a stroke of the right hemisphere which of the following manifestations should the nurse expect Impulsive behavior A nurse is caring for a client who is exhibiting manifestations of a febrile reaction while receiving a blood transfusion which of the following medications should the nurse administer Acetaminophen to reduce fever and decreased the manifestation of the febrile reaction A nurse is assessing a client who has hypokalemia which of the following manifestations should the nurse expect Decreased peristalsis due to a decrease in gastrointestinal smooth muscle contraction a nurse is caring for a client who is experiencing supraventricular tachycardia upon assessing the client the nurse observes the following findings heart rate 200 per minute blood pressure 78 over 40 and respiratory rate 30 per minute which of the following actions should the nurse take Perform synchronized cardioversion A nurse is providing dietary teaching to a client who is post-operative following a thyroidectomy with removal of the parathyroid glands the nurse should instruct the client to include which of the following foods that has the greatest amount of calcium in her diet12 almonds A nurse is caring for a client who has dka which of the following findings should indicate to the nurse at the client's condition is improving Glucose of 272 because a glucose reading less than 300 indicates Improvement in the client's status A nurse is performing a dressing change for a client who is recovering from a hemicolectomy when removing the dressing with the nurse notes that a large part of the bowel is protruding through the abdomen which of the following actions should the nurse take first Call for help A nurse is caring for a client who presents to a clinic for a one-week follow-up visit after hospitalization for heart failure based on the information in the clients chart which of the following findings should the nurse report to the provider Heart rate of 55 per minute is a significant drop from the clients Baseline of 74 permanent and it can indicate the development of digoxin toxicity A nurse is assessing for compartment syndrome in a client who has a short leg cast which of the following findings should the nurse identify as a manifestation of this condition Pain that increases with passive movement A nurse is planning care for a client who is post-operative following a laparotomy and has a closed suction drain which of the following actions should the nurse take to manage the drain Compress the drain Reservoir after emptying A pacu nurse is assessing a client who is post-operative following a right nephrectomy the client's initial vital signs for heart rate 80 permanent blood pressure 130 over 70 respiratory rate 16 and temperature 96.8 which of the following Vital sign changes should alert the nurse the client might be hemorrhaging heart rate of 110 per minuteA nurse is assessing a client following the completion of hemodialysis which of the following findings is the nurses priority to report to the provider Restlessness A nurse is caring for a client who is having a seizure which of the following interventions is the nurses priority Turn the client to the side A nurse is obtaining a medication history from a client who is scheduled to undergo cataract surgery the nurse should recognize that which of the following client medications is a contraindication for the surgery and notify the provider Warfarin A nurse is providing teaching to a female client who has a history of urinary tract infections which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching Clean the perineum from front to back after voiding or defecating to avoid introducing bacteria to the urethra A nurse is assessing a client who has had a suspected cerebrovascular accident the nurse should place the priority on which of the following findings Dysphasia A nurse is planning care for a client who is post-operative following a parathyroidectomy which of the following actions should the nurse identify as the priority Placed a tracheostomy tray at the bedside in case of Airway obstruction A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has Type 1 diabetes mellitus and a new prescription for insulin lispro which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching I will need to take this lispro in addition to my other prescribed insulinA nurse is providing medication teaching to a group of clients who have seizure disorders which of the following information should the nurse include about phenytoin Phenytoin decreases the effectiveness of oral contraceptives A nurse is providing discharge instructions to a client who has active tuberculosis which of the following information should the nurse include in the instructions Sputum specimens are necessary every 2 to 4 weeks until there are three negative sputum A nurse is planning care for a client who was having a modified radical mastectomy of the right breast which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the plan of care Instruct the client that the drain is removed when there is 25 milliliters of output or less over a 24-hour period And your sis reading teaching to a client who has hypertension and a new prescription for Verapamil. Which of the following juices should the nurse instruct the client to avoid Grapefruit A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has asthma about the use of a metered dose inhaler the nurse should identify that which of the following client actions indicates an understanding of the teaching Holding breath for 10 seconds after inhaling so that the medication can move deep into the Airways A nurse is providing instructions to a client who has Type 2 diabetes mellitus and a new prescription for metformin which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teachingI should take this medication with a meal to improve absorption and to minimize gastrointestinal distress A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has irritable bowel syndrome which of the following instructions should the nurse include in teaching Increase fiber intake to at least 30 grams per day to produce bulky soft stools and establish regular bowel patterns A nurse in an emergency department is assessing an older adult client who has a fractured wrist following a fall during the assessment the client states last week I crashed my car because my vision suddenly became blurry which of the following actions is the nurses priority Check the clients neurologic status because the first action you should take is to assess the client A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has a new prescription for psyllium which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching Drink 240 milliliters of water after Administration A nurse on a medical-surgical unit is receiving change of shift report on four clients which of the following clients should the nurse identify as having the greatest risk for developing an infection A client who has COPD and is receiving steroid therapy A nurse is planning discharge teaching for a client who has an external fixation device for a fracture of the lower extremity which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the plan of care Used crutches with rubber tips to prevent the client from slipping and decrease the risk of FallsA nurse in an emergency department is caring for a client who has full thickness Burns over 20% of his total body surface area after ensuring a patent Airway and administering oxygen which of the following items should the nurse prepared to administer first IV fluids to provide circulatory support A nurse is reviewing the medical record of a client who has osteomyelitis and a prescription for Gentamicin which of the following findings from the client's medical record should indicate to the nurse the need to withhold the medication and notify the provider Serum creatinine A nurse is reviewing the laboratory results of a client who has a new diagnosis of acute leukemia which of the following findings should the nurse identify as an expected finding Increased white blood cell count do to overproduction of white blood cells by the bone marrow A nurse in an emergency department is caring for a client who reports vomiting and diarrhea for the past 3 days which of the following findings should indicate to the nurse that the client is experiencing fluid volume deficit Heart rate of 110 per minute A nurse is providing preoperative teaching for a client who is scheduled for an open cholecystectomy which of the following actions should the nurse take Demonstrate ways to deep breathe and cough to prevent respiratory complications A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving mechanical ventilation via a tracheostomy to the nurse should recognize that which of the following complications is associated with long-term mechanical ventilation Stress ulcers because of elevated levels of hydrochloric acid in the stomachA nurse is providing discharge instructions to a client who has laryngeal cancer and received is receiving radiation treatment which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching I will avoid direct exposure to the Sun A nurse is caring for a client who has a positive culture for Clostridium difficile which of the following actions should the nurse take Implement contact precautions for the client because direct contact is the mode of transmission A nurse in a provider's office is assessing a client who has migraine headaches and is taking Feverfew to prevent her headaches the nurse should identify that which of the following client medications interact with Feverfew Naproxen because they both impaired platelet aggregation and place the client at risk for bleeding A nurse in an emergency department is planning care for a client who has a flail chest on the right side following a motor vehicle crash which of the following actions should the nurse plan to take Prepare the client for positive pressure ventilation to promote lung expansion A nurse is preparing to assist with the insertion of a non tunneled percutaneous central venous catheter into a client's subclavian vein the nurse should plan to place the client in which of the following positions Trendelenburg disposition facilitates the insertion of the catheter by dilating the blood vessels of the clients neckA nurse is teaching an older adult client about osteoporosis prevention the nurse should instruct the client that which of the following medications can increase her risk for developing osteoporosis Fludrocortisone due to an increase in bone resorption by osteoclasts A nurse is teaching a client who has end-stage kidney disease about organ donation which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching The client who receives a kidney from a live donor has a lower rate of transplant rejection A client is admitted to the ER with anxiety loss of muscle coordination and skin is hot and dry the client had been working on the yard prior to coming to the hospital which of the following actions should the nurse anticipate taking first Place the client on a cooling blanket A nurse is caring for a client who has an arteriovenous fistula for dialysis which of the following requires intervention by the nurse Numb fingers distal to the fistula it indicates impaired circulation and requires intervention a nurse is caring for a client who had an open thoracotomy with chest tube insertion which of the following actions should the nurse take Keep the chest tube collection chamber below the level of the lungsA nurse is providing instruction about traveling for a client who has a new diagnosis of type 1 diabetes mellitus and is planning a trip by airplane which of the following should the nurse include in the teaching Take an additional pair of shoes A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has hypothyroidism and is receiving Levothyroxine the nurse should instruct the client that which of the following could interfere with the absorption of the medication Calcium supplements A nurse is caring for a client with a history of congestive heart failure at risk for development of fluid volume excess. The nurse should monitor for which of the following that is a manifestation of left sided heart failure? Dyspnea with a cough that is worse at night Which client problem should receive highest priority when a client is admitted with an acute exacerbation of rheumatoid arthritis? Impaired physical mobility A nurse is caring for a client with hypoparathyroidism. Because of the potential electrolyte disturbance associated with this diagnosis, the nurse should observe the client for evidence of which of the following? Involuntary muscle spasms A client with glaucoma is admitted for surgery the following day. The client is to continue treating the glaucoma with pilocarpine (Pilocar) 2% 1 drop 4 times a day. While instilling this medication, an appropriate nursing action is which of the following? Place the medication in the conjunctival sac applying pressure to the puncta for 1 to 2 min.A client has sprained an ankle while playing soccer. For the first 24 hr following the injury, the nurse should instruct the client to do which of the following? Keep ice on the ankle to prevent edema. A nurse is assisting with the discharge of a client newly diagnosed with diabetes. When reviewing information about proper foot care, which of the following would be appropriate to include? Wear clean cotton socks daily. Following a transient ischemic attack (TIA), a client is alert, slightly confused, and has a blood pressure of 204/102 mm Hg. The client is also incontinent of urine. When contributing to the client's plan of care, which nursing action would be appropriate? Offer the client a bedpan every 2 hr. A nurse is reinforcing teaching to a client recently diagnosed with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Which statement made by the client indicates to the nurse an accurate understanding of the home management of SLE? "I will need to take prednisone when I am having an exacerbation of the disease." A nurse is caring for a client who has undergone a hip arthroplasty. The nurse reminds the client that the purpose of an abduction pillow following arthroplasty is to do which of the following? Prevent dislocation of the hip during position changes or movement. A client who is admitted to the hospital after experiencing a tonic clonic seizure is scheduled for a routine electroencephalogram (EEG). In preparing the client for the EEG, the nurse should explain that the client will undergo which of the following?Receive a thorough shampoo prior to the EEG. A client is experiencing stomatitis as a result of chemotherapy and radiation therapy. Which statement made by the client indicates to the nurse that reinforcement of teaching is necessary? "I will use lemon and glycerine swabs after meals." A client is returning from surgery with a radium implant for the treatment of endometrial cancer. In planning this client's care, which action would be consistent with the client's diagnosis? Keeping forceps and lead container in room A client who works in carpentry is seen by the triage nurse. The client complains of severe right eye pain with a gritty sensation. When obtaining a history from this client, which question has the highest priority? "Did you flush your eye out at work?" A client who had a craniotomy is sitting in a chair with the nurse present in the room. While the client is sitting, he begins to experience a grand mal seizure. At this time, the most important nursing intervention is which of the following? Lower the client to the floor. A client has a platelet count of 18,000 cells/mL. An appropriate nursing intervention is to do which of the following? Avoid intramuscular injections (IM) A nurse asks a client who is diagnosed with asthma about the pathophysiology of the disorder. Further reinforcement of teaching is indicated when the client states that the cause of airway obstruction is due to which of the following? Collapse of the alveoliA client diagnosed with viral encephalitis secondary to West Nile Virus is admitted to the hospital for treatment. When assisting in the development of a nursing care plan, which interventions are consistent with the client's diagnosis? (Select all that apply.) Monitor vital signs every 4 hr. Assess neurological status every 4 hr. Assess for Brudzinski's sign. Implement seizure precautions. Placing the client on respiratory isolation is incorrect. While reviewing an admission assessment for a client with an exacerbation of asthma, the nurse learns the client has several food allergies. The most important nursing action in promoting this client's safety is to do which of the following? Provide the dietitian with a list of the client's allergies. A client who had a traumatic amputation of the arm at the elbow is reporting pain in the hand of the amputated limb. The client has dressing changes prescribed twice daily, hydrocodone (Vicodin) and gabapentin (Neurontin) PRN, and cefuroxime sodium (Ceftin) 750 mg 3 times daily IV. Which of the following actions by the nurse is appropriate? Administer prescribed dose of gabapentin (Neurontin). A nurse is caring for a client who underwent a transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) for benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH). The client's bladder is continuously irrigated with saline via a three-way catheter PRN. Which of the following findings should be reported immediately to the provider? Drainage that resembles ketchup coming from the catheter A nurse is caring for a client with arteriosclerosis. When reviewing the client's chart, which of the following factors should the nurse realize is associated with the development of arteriosclerosis? LDL serum levels are elevated. At the start of the night shift, an assistive personnel (AP) brings the nurse a list of client reports. Which client does the nurse need to check first? The client with emphysema who is reporting dyspnea A client in a community clinic tests positive on a Mantoux skin test but does not demonstrate active lesions on a chest x-ray. When assisting with the development of the plan of care for this client, the nurse should reinforce that isoniazid (INH) therapy will have to be taken for which of the following time frames? Daily for approximately 1 year Supportive therapy provided by the nurse for a client during a sickle cell crisis would include which of the following? Encouraging the client to drink a lot of fluids The client's arterial blood gas (ABG) levels are pH 7.5, pCO2 32, bicarbonate (HCO3) 24. The nurse interprets that the client is in which of the following? Respiratory alkalosis A client is brought to the emergency department following a fall. The nurse, suspecting a basilar skull fracture, should check the client for which of the following signs specific to a basilar skull fracture? Clear fluid coming from the nares A client with chronic renal failure is undergoing peritoneal dialysis. Which nursing measure will be helpful in promoting outflow drainage of the dialyzing solution?Turn the client from side to side. A nurse is completing the evening observations on a client in balanced skeletal traction admitted the previous evening for a fractured left femur. Which observation should the nurse report to the charge nurse? Dyspnea and chest petechiae In preparation for a sigmoid colon resection, the nurse is reinforcing information about the colostomy that will be performed. Which statement by the client will require further clarification? "My diet will have to change dramatically." A client is diagnosed with endocarditis following rheumatic heart disease. Which comment made by the client indicates to the nurse that she understands discharge teaching in relation to endocarditis? "I will notify my doctor before I have invasive surgery or dental procedures." A nurse is caring for a client in acute renal failure. Which of the following manifestations should the nurse expect the client to exhibit? Anuria A client with type 1 diabetes mellitus has a capillary blood glucose reading of 48 mg/dL. Which of the following should the nurse expect to find? Diaphoresis A middle-adult assistive personnel (AP) is assigned to give a bath to a client with herpes zoster (shingles). The AP asks if this disease is contagious because there is an isolation sign on the client's door. Which response by the nurse would be appropriate at this time? "If you have had chickenpox, then you can care for this client without concern."When reinforcing health teaching to a group of clients, it is important for the nurse to emphasize that melanoma is characterized by lesions that have which of the following appearances? Have an irregular border Following a total gastrectomy, which medication should the nurse anticipate that the client will need to take for the rest of the client's life? Vitamin B12 A client is diagnosed with active pulmonary tuberculosis and begins a treatment regimen of rifampin (Rifadin) and ethambutol (Myambutol). The nurse should reinforce with the client the need to report which of the following adverse effects to the provider? Decreased visual acuity When a nurse brings a hospitalized client with AIDS (acquired immune deficiency syndrome) the morning dose of zalcitabine (Hivid), the client states, "I have this awful burning sensation in my fingers and toes. They are numb and tingling." What response by the nurse is appropriate at this time? "I'll hold the medication and notify your provider immediately." A nurse is preparing to administer an intramuscular injection. The most important action by the nurse to prevent direct injection of the medication into the venous system is to do which of the following? Aspirate the syringe after insertion of needle. An assistive personnel (AP) discovers a fire in the utility room. Which action by the AP would require the nurse to intervene? Opening the doors and windows to let the smoke out A client diagnosed with emphysema is being prepared for discharge. Which instruction reinforced by the nurse would be beneficial for improving the client's gas exchange?Reinforcing teaching for the client to use pursed-lip breathing A client questions the nurse concerning the usual course of multiple sclerosis (MS). Which of the following is an appropriate response by the nurse? "Acute episodes are usually followed by remissions, which may last varying lengths of time." A client has just received a cardiac pacemaker. Which statement by the client demonstrates to the nurse an understanding of the pacemaker's purpose? "The pacemaker will help stimulate my heart to beat when my heart rate is slow or irregular." A client returns to the nursing unit post-thoracotomy with two chest tubes in place connected to a drainage device. The client's spouse asks the nurse the reason for having two chest tubes. The nurse's response is based on the knowledge that the lower chest tube is placed to do which of the following? Drain blood and fluid from the pleural space A nurse is caring for a client admitted with a diagnosis of hyperthyroidism caused by an adenoma of the thyroid gland. Twelve hours following the thyroidectomy, which of the following findings should the nurse report to the charge nurse? (Select all that apply.) Tachycardia and hypertension Laryngeal stridor and a hoarse voice Positive Trousseau's sign Which nursing action is appropriate when trying to control epistaxis? Pinch the soft portion of the nares for 10 to 15 min.A provider prescribes a confused and combative client to be placed in a jacket restraint and wrist restraints. To prevent injury to the client, the most important nursing action is which of the following? Remove the restraints and observe the extremities for circulation at least every 2 hr. A nurse making rounds finds a client in the waiting room who is confused, has clammy skin, and his hands are tremoring. The nurse should do which of the following? Check the client's blood glucose using a glucometer. A nursing assistant asks the nurse what type of precautions are necessary when caring for a client newly diagnosed with tuberculosis. The nurse instructs the nursing assistant to do which of the following? (Select all that apply.) Wash your hands before and after client care. Prepare to move the client to a negative pressure private room. Wear a gown and gloves when bathing the client. Giving the client an impermeable paper bag for used tissues is correct. A paper bag that is impermeable to leakage of its contents should be used for tissues that contain sputum. A nurse is assisting in admitting a client to the burn treatment center following the client's rescue from a house fire. Which observation takes the highest priority? Characteristics of the cough and sputum A provider is planning to remove a client's chest tube. Which instruction should the nurse give the client to ensure understanding regarding the removal procedure? Exhale and bear down gently [Show More]

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