Touhy & Jett: Ebersole and Hess’ Gerontological Nursing & Healthy Aging, 5th Edition/Chapter 01: Introduction to Healthy Aging

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Chapter 01: Introduction to Healthy Aging Touhy & Jett: Ebersole and Hess’ Gerontological Nursing & Healthy Aging, 5th Edition MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. A man is terminally ill with end-stage pro... state cancer. Which is the best statement about this man’s wellness? 2. In differentiating between heNalUthRaSndIwNeGllTneBss.iCn OheMalth care, which of the following statements is true? 3. Which racial or ethnic group has the highest life expectancy in the United States? 4. Historical influences that have shaped the lives of the majority of the in-between cohort in the United States today include which of the following? 5. According to researchers, whNichRchaIractGerisBtic.dCo mMost centenarians share? 6. Which nursing intervention is a holistic approach to an older adult? 7. An older man who resides in a nursing home has a total cholesterol level of 245 mg/dL. Which nursing intervention is most likely to assist this man in achieving his highest level of wellness? 8. Which approach requires the nurse to integrate and balance all aspects of an individual’s life into the plan of care? Holistic nursing integrates all aspects of an individual’s life into the plan of care by balancing an individual’s internal and external environment with psychosocial, spiritual, cultural, and physical processes. Healthy People 2020, an updated document from 2000 that outlines the goals for achieving health in this country, is a mandate for health care professionals to follow with 467 objectives in 28 focus areas. Maslow’s hierarchy of human needs provides a basis for understanding individuals in context and for ranking nursing assessments, diagnoses, goals, and interventions in order of importance. Dorothea Orem’s self-care requirements lists human needs, including the need for air, fluids, nutrition, hygiene, elimination, activity, comfort, relief from suffering, and skin integrity. The nurse helps individuals meet these needs to achieve optimal health and wellness. PTS: 1 DIF: Remember REF: p. 7 TOP: Nursing Process: Assessment MSC: Safe, Effective Care Environment 9. The nurse plans activities for older women born between 1920 and 1930 and who reside in an assisted-living facility. Which is the best intervention for the nurse to implement? a. Have them bake cookies twice a week. b. Conduct interviews for specific interests. c. Arrange dog and cat visits from volunteers. d. Take them to the library for guest speakers. ANS: B The nurse conducts individual interviews with the women to determine their interests and to avoid generalizing; as people live longer, they become more and more unique. Because most of these women are in their 80s and 90s were born between 1920 and 1930 and have generally spent their lives as homemakers, the nurse presumes to know what activities they will enjoy. The nurse avoids arranging group activities until individual interests are determined. In addition, the nurse must assessUforSalleNrgieTs and inOdividual fears of animals before exposing an older adult to a pet visit. Unless it is organized on a voluntary basis, the nurse avoids arranging visits by guest speakers. In addition, the nurse will assess each older woman before an outside visit to avoid embarrassing events, including incontinence and hearing and vision problems. PTS: 1 DIF: Analyze REF: p. 5 TOP: Nursing Process: Implementation MSC: Safe, Effective Care Environment 10. Which of the following issues in the care of older adults are identified in Healthy People 2020? a. Delineating nursing staffing levels in long term care b. Eradicating pressure ulcers in all care settings c. Identifying minimum levels of training for people who care for older adults d. Instituting mandatory training in identification of elder abuse for all caregivers of older adults ANS: C Identifying minimum training levels for people who care for older adults is one of the issues identified in Healthy People 2020. The rest of the issues are not discussed in Healthy People 2020. PTS: 1 DIF: Remember REF: p. 8 TOP: Teaching and Learning MSC: Health Promotion and Maintenance 11. An older man asks a nurse: “How do you define aging? Do I meet the criteria of a senior citizen?” The nurse understands that one can define aging in many different manners. If the nurse chooses to define aging as “social aging,” the nurse would consider which of the following aspects? a. The man retired from his job as a police officer. b. The man takes six different medications multiple times over the course of the day. c. The man walks with a rolling walker. d. The man celebrated his 65th birthday. ANS: A Social aging is determined by changes in roles. Taking multiple medications multiple times over the course of the day and walking with a rolling walker are functional determinants of aging. Age refers to chronological aging. PTS: 1 DIF: Understand REF: p. 7 TOP: Nursing Process: Assessment MSC: Health Promotion and Maintenance 12. The holistic health movement has impacted health care in which of the following ways? a. It has focused health care on disease prevention. b. It has reshaped how health and health care are perceived. c. It has improved access to health care. d. It has introduced numerous alternative modalities into health care. ANS: B The holistic paradigm has reshaped how health and health care are perceived. Wellness is seen as a state of being which can be defined anywhere along the continuum of health. PTS: 1 N R I G B.C M DIF: Understand REF: p. 7 TOP: Teaching and Learning MSC: Health Promotion and Maintenance MULTIPLE RESPONSE 1. According to Healthy People 2020, older adults have been identified as a priority, with a goal to improve their health, function, and quality of life. Identify the targeted chronic focus areas for improvement. (Select all that apply.) a. Diabetes b. Arthritis c. Congestive heart failure d. Dementia e. Cancer f. Pressure ulcers ANS: A, B, C, D In a push toward wellness, older adults were identified as a priority area for the first time. The targeted chronic areas of focus were identified as diabetes, arthritis, congestive heart failure, and dementia. PTS: 1 DIF: Remember REF: p. 8 TOP: Nursing Process: Planning MSC: Health Promotion and Maintenance 2. Identify the Healthy People 2020 emerging issues in the health of older adults. (Select all that apply.) a. Coordinating care for the older adult population b. Assisting older adults in the management of their own care c. Identifying levels of training for those caring for older adults d. Making community resources available for older adults e. Increase in health disparities for rural older adults ANS: A, B, C According to United States Department of Health and Human Services’ Healthy People 2020, emerging issues in the health of older adults include coordinating care, helping older adults manage their own care, establishing quality measures, identifying minimum levels of training for people who care for older adults, and researching and evaluating appropriate training to equip providers with the tools they need to meet the needs of older adults. PTS: 1 DIF: Remember REF: p. 8 TOP: Nursing Process: Planning MSC: Health Promotion and Maintenance 3. Researchers hypothesize that most super-centenarians survive and are in good health due to which of the following factors? (Select all that apply.) a. They have a different genetic makeup than other older adults have. b. They tend to live in wealthier areas of the world. c. The exact cause of this phenomenon is not known. d. Contributing factors to their good health include quality medical care and improved social conditions. e. They have large extended families to assist in their care. ANS: C, D NURSINGTB.COM The exact cause of super-centenarians’ longevity is not known; researchers describe it as attributable to “rare and unpredictable reasons.” Contributing factors include medical care and improved sociopolitical conditions. There is no known difference in biological or sociological factors between super-centenarians and other older adults. Super-centenarians exist all over the world. PTS: 1 DIF: Understand REF: p. 4-5 TOP: Nursing Process: Assessment MSC: Health Promotion and Maintenance 4. The nurse in an assisted living facility (ALF) is preparing a lecture on aging for the residents. The philosophy of the ALF is to approach aging from the viewpoint of health. Based on this philosophy, the nurse includes which of the following topics? (Select all that apply.) a. “The Many Chronic Illnesses of Aging” b. “Channeling Your Inner Strength Toward Wellness” c. “Maximizing Function As You Age” d. “Conserving Your Strength As You Age” e. “Keep Moving, Maintain Your Mobility” ANS: B, C, D A wellness perspective is based on the belief that every person has an optimal level of wellness independent of functional ability. This viewpoint approaches aging with an emphasis on resilience, strength, resources, and capabilities rather than focusing on existing pathological conditions. PTS: 1 DIF: Analyze REF: p. 6-7 TOP: Teaching and Learning MSC: Health Promotion and Maintenance NURSINGTB.COM [Show More]

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