Solution manual to Introduction to Programming II

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Discussion: For this question, you had to convert the struct Student into a class. There is essentially only a slight difference between a struct and a class. A class is the same as a struct (i.e. a... struct may also contain both member variables and member functions just like a class, even though the examples in Savitch do not show that) except that, by default, all members are inaccessible to the general user of the class. This means that all members of a struct are by default public, and all members of a class are by default private. Therefore, we have to specify that the member functions are public. (As an exercise, omit the public keyword from the class and recompile it.) While there are situations where a struct is more suitable, as a rule, you should use classes rather than structs. In general, it is preferable to use classes, as classes offer better protection. An object encapsulates or combines data and operations on that data into a single unit. In C++, the mechanism that allows you to combine data and the operations on that data in a single unit is called a class. As name, quiz1, quiz2, midtermExam and finalExam are private member variables (see page 549 of Savitch 6th edition/ page 581 of Savitch 7th edition/ pages 573-582 of Savitch, 8th edition/pages 589-595 of Savitch, 9th edition) of class Student, they cannot be accessed directly in the main() function. As a result, public member functions getQuiz1(), getQuiz2(), getMidtermExam(), getFinalExam() and Term() are used to access these member variables in order to determine their values. These functions are known as accessor functions, while setName(), setQuiz1(), setQuiz2(), setMidtermExam()and setFinalExam()are mutator functions. (Study pages 553-554 of Savitch, 6th edition/ pages 585-586 of Savitch 7th edition/ pages 581-582 of Savitch, 8th edition/ pages 597-598 of Savitch, 9th edition). [Show More]

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