Pharmacology Test Bank Chapter 3: With elaborated answers.

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Chapter 03: Administration of Aerosolized Agents Gardenhire: Rau’s Respiratory Care Pharmacology, 9th Edition MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. A 2-year-old child is seen in the emergency department of a... local hospital, and croup is diagnosed. The physician orders a dose of racemic epinephrine via a small volume nebulizer to help reduce the subglottic swelling. What size aerosol particle is most likely to deposit in this region, providing the greatest therapeutic benefit to the patient? a. Particles less than 10 µm b. Particles 5 to 10 µm c. Particles 2 to 5 µm d. Particles 0.8 to 3.0 µm ANS: B The upper airway (nose and mouth) is efficient in filtering particulate matter, so generally there is 100% deposition in the nose and mouth of particles larger than 10 µm and 15 µm. Particle sizes 5 to 10 µm tend to deposit out in the upper airways and the early airway generations, whereas particles 1 to 5 µm have a greater probability of reaching the lower respiratory tract from the trachea to the lung periphery. Larger or coarser aerosol particles (>5 µm) may be useful for treating the upper airway (nasopharynx and oropharynx). REF: p. 34 2. The main uses of aerosol therapy in respiratory care include the following: 1. Humidification of dry gases 2. Improved mobilization and clearance of secretions 3. Delivery of aerosol drugs to the respiratory tract 4. Delivery of nutrients for patients unable to chew food a. 1 and 2 only b. 1, 2, and 3 only c. 1, 2, and 4 only d. 1, 2, 3, and 4 ANS: B At the present time, there are three main uses of aerosol therapy in respiratory care, as follows: Humidifying dry inspired gases, using bland aerosols Improving mobilization and clearance of respiratory secretions, including sputum [Show More]

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