APEA Questions Bank AANP Review (All answered)

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APEA Q-Bank AANP Review Updated 2022. Gestational diabetes screening occurs between what weeks gestation? When you ask the patient to take a deep breath in and then palpate over the RUQ abdomen... . Positive when pain is elicited. This is a sign of ___________. What are names of LABA medications? What is encopresis in children? The medical term for being cross-eyed What is atopic dermatitis? Tests used to diagnose developmental hip dysplasia What is the female athlete triad? How do patients with aortic regurgitation typically present? What does the rash of fifth disease (a viral exanthem) look like? What cardiac abnormalities are expected to be heard on auscultation of a pregnant patient? When a headache accompanies a stroke, is this most often hemorrhagic or ischemic? AV nicking is most commonly seen on retinal exam of which chronic condition? Within 6 months of being started on a TCA or SSRI, what is a common side effect that occurs? When does otitis media with effusion usually occur? The medical term for jock itch Tinea cruris "jock itch" is a common __________ infection and should be treated with what? What are teaching points for males to avoid contracting tinea cruris? Tinea cruris can affect the inner thighs but never what else? On microscopic exam, what is most likely to be seen in the presence of a bacterial infection? On microscopic exam, what is most likely to be seen in the presence of a candidal infection? What are dermatophytes? On microscopic exam, what is most likely to be seen in the presence of a dermatophytic (fungal) infection? The medical term for ringworm What is the most common cause of viral pneumonia in peds? Viral pneumonia is the most common type of pneumonia in children of what ages? What is the simplest way to screen for nutritional adequacy in older adults? How are scabies treated? What are common side effects of NSAIDs? What is the most common cause of pernicious anemias? How should oral iron supplements be taken? Group A strep pharyngitis can be accompanied by what symptoms other than the classic Centor criteria? A stool specimen that is positive for WBCs is a sign of what? The only type of incontinence that would not benefit from pelvic floor therapy is what? What do the skin manifestations of a penicillin allergy look like? What are symptoms that someone will experience as soon as they are started on a SSRI and when will this resolve? What causes the dry cough in people taking an ACEI? ACEI induced coughs usually begin how soon after starting the medication? COPD is often associated with what sequelae? When should an antiviral be started in a patient with shingles? What is the drug of choice for treating UTIs in male patients? What is the usual recommendation about administering MMR and varicella immunizations? What are the classic symptoms of an atopic pregnancy? What is sideroblastic anemia? Can a pregnant woman get the MMR vaccine while pregnant? Why are the carotid arteries auscultated for bruits? What is roseola? What are signs indicative of a meningitis infection? Cancer in the bone marrow that results in skeletal destruction What is the average age of diagnosis of multiple myeloma? a skin disorder that causes the nose to enlarge and become red, bumpy, and bulbous What are physical exam findings common in alcohol abuse? What is the first sign of sexual maturation in a male? The inability to name a familiar object What happens to a womans vital signs when she is in her second trimester of pregnancy? What is the most common cause of acute pharyngitis in children? A depressed patient is started on an SSRI. When should another antidepressant be tried if there is no response? If the number of bacteria on a urinalysis are greater than ____________________, this is indicative of a UTI. What are signs of a ruptured TM other than the obviously ruptured TM? Osgood Schlatter disease produces pain where? Growing pains usually occur when? Children with complaints of midbone pain should be worked for what MNM differential? NSAIDs should be used in caution with what patient population? What is the most common cause of secondary dysmenorrhea? When should AAA screening be performed via US? What is responsible for the transmission of poison ivy? Actinic keratosis is a precursor for what? What is papilledema? Is sexual activity safe during pregnancy? A report of "knee locking" is a classic complaint of what? Can a pregnant woman be on levothyroxine during pregnancy? What characterizes mild persistent asthma? People who do not have a spleen (asplenic) are at a greater risk of what? What 2 things put someone at the highest risk of developing pancreatitis? What are the RF for GI bleeding? When two or more RF for a GI bleed are present, we should not start a patient on aspirin without what? What medication is first line for the treatment of asymptomatic bacteriuria or UTI in pregnancy? Athletic amenorrhea increases one's risk of developing what? An intervention being performed to prevent the occurrence of the same event happening again is an example of ___________ prevention. Give an example. What is Strattera (atomoxetine) used for? What is the drug Danazol and what is it used for? Danazol, an androgen, has what potential side effects? The Mirena (Levonorgestrol) IUD stays in for how long? What is the most common reason for persistent gonorrhea infections? What class of drug is theophylline? What does it do? Beta blockers are contraindicated in which cardiovascular condition? What class of drug is Ropinirole (requip) and what is it used for? Are males or females more likely to commit suicide? How do depression vs. anxiety differ in the way that they affect sleep? What is the most common cause of pneumonia in all ages? What is the most common cause of hemorrhagic stroke? What helps prevent infection by maintaining the acidic environment of the ear canal? Mortality associated with Kawasaki disease is most likely related to what? What is Kawasaki disease? Serial echos must be performed in a patient with Kawasaki disease in order to rule out coronary artery aneurysms. When should these occur? What is the most common cause of croup? What are the two subsets of impetigo? Which protein is an important mediator of the inflammatory response and serves as a messenger at the site of antigen (allergen) invasion? Paroxysmal events associated with abnormal electrical discharges of neurons in the brain What is HELLP syndrome in pregnancy? HELLP syndrome in pregnancy is due to what? Patients with acute coronary syndrome typically have plaque erosion caused by what? Which diagnostic study is most helpful for differentiating Alzheimer's disease from dementia with Lewy bodies? ADHD is a risk factor for both depression and what else? Epididymitis with orchitis is commonly related to what? Mycoplasma genitalium is most commonly associated with which disease presentation in men? C. trachomatis stands for what common type of bacteria infection? Chlamydia passed from a mother to a newborn can result in which problems for the newborn? In a patient with patent ductus arteriosus, where is the murmur best heard? What is the ductus arteriosus? What are examples of some conditions that have multifactorial inheritance? Seborrheic dermatitis is basically the same thing as what? The flow of air coming in and out of the lungs in one inhalation and one exhalation What does an incentive spirometer measure? What happens in the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle? What is a sign of the initial appearance of measurable histamines in a patient with allergic rhinitis? The bacteria responsible for syphilis is called what? Correct Ans- treponema pallidum The STI, chancroid, is caused by what responsible bacteria? What is the most common cause of septic arthritis? The STI, mycoplasma genitalium, is unique in what way? What are the 3 secondary causes of type 2 diabetes? How does hyperinsulinemia in PCOS work? Which drug classes are responsible for causing urinary retention? A 75 year old patient is experiencing progressive confusion and memory deterioration. Which condition mimics dementia that this patient should be tested for? Which hormones in late pregnancy can block insulin and cause gestational diabetes? Target shaped skin lesions as a result of a hypersensitivity reaction to certain infections and drugs An abnormal growth of squamos epithelium in the middle ear and mastoid The cremasteric reflex is assessed in infants for what purpose? Patient populations who may present atypically when having a MI include who? A disorder that results in the destruction of platelets due to an autoimmune response Pelvic inflammatory disease is most commonly caused by what? A protruding abdominal mass after bending over, lifting, or coughing, and is painful with coughing, is often what in adults? Hiatal hernias cause what type of symptoms? What is the name of an immature female gamete? The fused ovum and sperm once fertilization has occurred What are conditions that are often co-occurring with alopecia areata? The medical term for eczema The leading cause of death in infants under the age of 1 How is varicella zoster transmitted? The presence of pruritic papules, macules, and vesicles in various stages of healing What is presbycusis? Age is the most common cause of presbycusis, but what other conditions may play a role in quickening the onset of this? The fascia layer of the male anatomy that the anterior 2/3s of the testicle resides in A subtype of strabismus that describes an inward turning of the eye The abducens nerve (CN VI) is responsible for what? Correct Ans- lateral movement of the eye outward The trochlear nerve is responsible for what extraocular movement? Why is primary open-angle glaucoma considered a chronic glaucoma? A benign epidermal tumor that is a well-demarcated, coin-like, pigmented lesion with a stuck on appearance The most common precancerous skin lesion that results from years of repeated sun exposure What happens during the follicular phase of the menstrual cycle? A superficial dermatophyte/fungal infection of the skin of the scalp, eyebrows, and eyelashes Bacterial invasion of the renal parenchyma What is phimosis vs. paraphimosis? What is a common characteristic of a person with Graves disease? Which phase of the menstrual cycle begins with a surge in LH and FSH? What is the pathophys of HIV? Cells within the epidermis that are primarily responsible for protecting the skin from UV rays in sunlight Body lice primarily live where? Body lice are vectors for which diseases? Fifth disease is spread via how? What are other names of fifth disease? What is the life span of lice? The hypersensitivity and pain crescendo experienced in conjunction with a migraine is thought to be related to the release of what? Where is the location of the tricuspid valve? What does a tricuspid regurgitation murmur sound like? When can you hear the murmur associated with pulmonic stenosis? When can you hear the murmur associated with aortic regurg? When can you hear the murmur associated with mitral valve stenosis? What EKG changes may be present during episodes of angina? Children and teens present with depression most commonly how? Are the sickling of RBCS in sickle cell anemia reversible? When the brain is exposed to something rewarding, it responds by increasing the release of what? Where are T cells produced? Where are B cells produced? What is the pathophys behind a thyrotoxic crisis (aka thyroid storm)? What causes a reduction in the number of RBCs in pregnancy? When should the ductus arteriosus close in an infant? The minimum arterial pressure exerted during relaxation and dilation of the ventricles Lyme disease is caused by what spirochete present on ticks? What are the potential sequelae of strep pharyngitis? The medical term for pubic lice aka crabs Petechiae noted on the cervix during a pelvic exam is a sign of what disease process? What is the difference between a folliculitis and a furuncle? Urea is eliminated by the kidneys, but where does it come from originally? What are the 5 primary structures of the immune system? Bacteria most commonly responsible for pyelonephritis What causes back pain in pregnancy? What is dacrocystitis? What are potential causes of blepharitis? What are s/s of croup? Women who become pregnant later in life have an increased risk of what? What are things women can do to decrease their risk of breast cancer? Does an increase or decrease in blood pH affect the rate and degree of sickling in sickle cell anemia? What is the difference between Prinzmetals and stable (classic angina)? Why may infection of the palatine tonsils become serious very quickly? What are cutaneous xanthomas? Uterine prolpase is caused by stretching of the uterine ____________ What causes bacterial vaginosis? Where is acanthosis nigricans most likely to occur? What causes subjective tinnitus? HIV produces cellular immunity deficiency by depleting what? What is the function of B cells in the immune system? When does the male fetus begin to produce testosterone and how? What is the pathophys of Addison's disease? What is the most serious complication of Addison's disease? What are the 4 heart defects of Tetralogy of Fallot? What are the s/s of Kawasaki disease? A palpable softening of the cervical isthmus during pregnancy A bluish tint to the vagina and cervix due to increased vascularity during pregnancy What is Paget's disease? Does Meniere's disease result in hearing loss? What is another term for chronic bladder pain syndrome? What classifies someone as having "prediabetes"? What classifies someone as having diabetes? A reduction in vision in one or both eyes causing loss of binocular vision What is Brudzinski's sign? A child presents with erythematous papules and vesicles, that are weeping, oozing, and crusty. They are located all over the forehead, wrists, elbows, and backs of knees. What is this most likely to be? In older adults, what is an audible S3 sound usually a sign of? How is cervical radiculopathy different from cervical myelopathy? Other than scratching the medial aspect of the thigh, how else can we elicit the cremasteric reflex in a child? What is the Lachman's test and what does it identify? When should the testicles fully descend into the scrotum by in an infant? What is another name for the moro reflex? If a moro reflex in an infant is only positive in one arm, then what do you need to consider? Which model is used to designate risk factors for melanoma? What is a sign of an ankle fracture on physical exam? What is an acoustic neuroma? The axillary lymph nodes drain lymphatic fluid from where? International travelers to endemic areas are at a risk for what form of hepatitis? Adrenarche is the early presence of pubic hair in girls aged __________ A condition that presents with symptomatic limb ischemia upon exertion is termed: The largest salivary gland is the parotid gland, and where does it drain to? The varus stress test assesses for a tear in which part of the lower extremities? The valgus stress test assesses for a tear in which part of the lower extremities? To evaluate the uterus during a bimanual exam, the examiner would lubricate the index and middle fingers of one hand and insert them into the vagina. The other hand would be placed on the abdomen where? A feeling of constantly needing to pass stool Severe constipation resulting from intestinal obstruction What does the vaginal discharge associated with trich look like? What does the discharge associated with bacterial vaginosis look like? The nurse practitioner instructs the patient to place on hand behind his back and touch his shoulder blade. This shoulder movement elicits what? How do we test for flexion and extension of the shoulder? Symptoms related to Shaken Baby Syndrome are due to what? What are the symptoms of Shaken Baby Syndrome? Koplik's spots are indicative of what disease? The medical term for measles What do Koplik's spots of measles look like? Round or oval shaped lesions surrounded by erythematous mucosa found anywhere on the oral mucosa Excessive or prolonged menstrual flow occurring at regular intervals Intermenstrual bleeding (aka spotting in between periods) Correct Ans- metrorrhagia Polymenorrhea is when there are fewer than ________ between periods Oligomenorrhea is when there are more than _______ between periods; or only 4-9 menstrual cycles per year Retraction of the nipple and areola are suggestive of what? What is the straight leg raise test? What is Tinel's sign? What is Phalen's sign? Test used to identify de Quervain's tenosynovitis Test of thumb movement by instructing the patient to place his thumb in the palm and then move the wrist toward the midline in ulnar deviation What does the murmur associated with mitral regurg sound like? When auscultating the apex of the heart in a child older than 7, the bell of the stethoscope should be placed where? What is the main sign of Kaposi's sarcoma? Where do lesions of Kaposi's sarcoma usually manifest? A patient is experiencing a dull achy pain in the epigastric area with eating. This type of pain is consistent with what? How is the pain of a gastric ulcer vs. a duodenal ulcer different? What are s/s of glaucoma? Higher level functioning, such as using the telephone, doing laundry, taking medicine, etc. are considered to be called what? An inability to extend the knee is a sign of what? Which part of the spine controls the ankle DTRs? Which part of the spine controls the knee DTRs? Which part of the spine controls the biceps DTRs? Which part of the spine controls the triceps DTRs? What are s/s of carpal tunnel syndrome? Which movement indicates a nuchal rigidity sign when working a patient up for meningitis? What is Kernig's sign? A patient who is unable to touch his left scapula with his right hand likely has what? A widened pulse pressure greater than or equal to 60 in an older adult is a risk factor for what? The ethmoidal sinuses are located where? Where do the sphenoid sinuses lie? Where do the maxillary sinuses lie? What describes a stage III pressure ulcer? Dislocation of the elbow joint caused by the sudden pull on the extended pronated forearm Localized tenderness over the ankle joint is a sign of what? Describe renal adaptation of the newborn Where is the best place to locate the twelfth rib? What is biliary colic? Costochondritis occurs when there is inflammation of the cartilage where? What aggravates costochondritis? Which segments of the spine control the plantar reflexes? A softening of the skin at the angles of the mouth which may be due to nutritional deficiency Angular cheilitis can be caused by what? What causes actinic cheilitis? Intention tremors appear with movement and worsen when? Nausea, diaphoresis, and pallor triggered by a fearful or unpleasant event Which conditions are known to cause polyuria? Breath sounds heard over the periphery of the lung fields are what? What do bronchovesicular breath sounds sound like? Thenar atrophy suggests what? Does the ulnar nerve innervate the pinky or the thumb? The pregnant woman who has a BMI of less than 18.5 should gain how many pounds in pregnancy? The pregnant woman who has a BMI of 18.5-24.9 (normal) should gain how many pounds in pregnancy? The pregnant woman who has a BMI of 25-29.9 (overweight) should gain how many pounds in pregnancy? The pregnant woman with a BMI over 30 should gain how many pounds in pregnancy? A BMI of less than _____ is considered underweight The term used to refer to skin that is peeling What will a basal cell carcinoma on the eyelid look like? What is Rovsing's sign? What causes plantar warts? In second degree uterine prolapse, where is the cervix located? In third degree uterine prolapse, where is the cervix located? The anterior cervical lymph node chain is located where? How do we diagnose a migraine headache? What causes the S4 sound? During the vaginal exam of a pregnant woman in her first trimester, an adnexal mass with tenderness is palpated. This is consistent with what? Stridor indicates a partial or complete obstruction of the _________ and is best heard where? When assessing an african american person, black, dusky mucous membranes are related to what Persistent, sharp, and knife-like chest pain is indicative of what? Thin, pencil-like stool can be associated with what? An acute viral illness that presents with a burning retrosternal discomfort and a dry cough is suggestive of what? The shiny, pink area located around the cervical os is known as what? Tenderness of the posterior medial malleolus may be a sign of what? When performing a rectal exam on a female, a hard nodular rectal "shelf" is palpable at the tip of the examiner's finger. What is this suggestive of? [Show More]

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