NURS 190 PA MIDTERM EXAM STUDY GUIDE, LATEST, A RATED

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NURS 190 PA MIDTERM EXAM STUDY GUIDE, LATEST, A RATED.1. Pt with malignant melanoma; risk factors; what will the skin look like? ABCDE  ABCDE of Melanoma • Asymmetry • Border Irregularity �... �� Color Variation • Diameter Greater than 6mm • Evolving Changes  Risk Factors • Sun sensitivity, difficulty tanning, hx of prolonged sun exposure, use of tanning booths, occupational exposure to chemicals like tar and radiation  QUIZ QUESTION: Nevi this big and has color variation should be alerted for? – Malignant Melanoma 2. How to assess for central cyanosis?  Look at patient’s oral mucosa  QUIZ QUESTION: How to assess central cyanosis? – check the oral mucosa 3. Contact dermatitis  Inflammation of the skin due to an allergy to a substance that comes into contact with the skin  Redness, hives, vesicles or scales accompanied by intense itching 4. 3 Tineas; signs and symptom  Tinea Corporis – fungal infection of the body  Tinea Capitis – fungal infection of the scalp • Need to further assess the cause of pruritus of the scalp because this can be due to lice  Tinea Pedis – fungal infection of the feet (athlete’s foot) 5. COPD, configuration of chest  Barrel chest; AP:T diameter is equal  QUIZ QUESTION: Expected finding with patient with COPD? • Barrel chest • Kyphosis • Hollow Clavicle • Protruding Sternum  angle of Louie 6. Scoliosis, kyphosis, lordosis, torticollis  Scoliosis – lateral curvature and rotation of the thoracic and lumbar spine (S back); most common in female  Kyphosis – exaggerated posterior curvature of the thoracic spine (hunchback); associated with aging.  Lordosis – exaggerated curvature of the lumbar spine (swayback); compensation for pregnancy, obesity, and skeletal changes.  Torticollis – muscle spasm by spinal accessory nerve, causing lateral flexion contracture of neck muscle 7. Physiological changes in older adult for all the systems discussed  Skin, Hair, and Nails • Decreased elasticity, sebum production, perspiration, and melanin • Increased sensitivity to light • Nails become thicker, and more brittle  Head, Neck and Lymphatics • Loss of subcutaneous fat in the face • Decreased reproductive hormone • Hair change, tooth loss, limited ROM • Complaints of tired or weak feeling due to thyroid dysfunction  Eye • Decreased vision acuity • Presbyopia – age-related near vision difficulty • Cataract – thickened yellow lens; decreased lens clarity • Macular Degeneration – loss of central vision  Ears, Nose, Mouth and Throat • Loss of hearing frequency • Gradual hearing loss (presbycusis) • Chelitis (angular stomatitis) • Decreased sense of taste and smell, saliva production, • Receding gum, tooth loss    Respiratory • Decreased respiratory efficiency, cough ability • Changes in breath depth • Increased RR, effect of infection  Breast and Axillae • Limited ROM for examinations • Modification of BSE • Changes in breast tissue composition • Gynecomastia in males • Increased breast cancer risk with aging  Cardiovascular • Loss of ventricular compliance and vascular rigidity • Conduction system loses automaticity [Show More]

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