ATI Med Surg Practice Test A Questions and answers, Graded A+

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ATI Med Surg Practice Test A Questions and answers, Graded A+ A nurse is caring for a client who has hepatic encephalopathy and is being treated with lactulose. The client is experiencing excessi... ve stools. Which of the following is an adverse effect of this medication. - ✔✔Hypokalemia *Lactulose works by stimulating the production of excess stools to rid the body of excess ammonia. These excessive stools can result in hypokalemia and dehydration. A nurse is caring for a client who has emphysema and is receiving mechanical ventilation. The client appears anxious and restless, and the high-pressure alarm is sounding. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first. - ✔✔Instruct the client to allow the machine to breathe for them. *Use the least restrictive intervention. A nurse is teaching a client who has a family history of colorectal cancer. To help mitigate this risk, which of the following dietary alterations should the nurse recommend. - ✔✔Add cabbage to the diet. To help reduce the risk for colorectal cancer, the client should consume a diet that is high in fiber, low in fat, low in refined carbohydrates. Brassica vegetables, such as cabbage, cauliflower, and broccoli are high in fiber. A home health nurse is assigned to a client who was recently discharged from a rehab center after experiencing a right-hemispheric stroke. Which of the following neurological deficits should the nurse expect to find when assessing the client? (Select all that apply) - ✔✔Visual Spatial deficits left hemianopsia one sided neglect A nurse is caring for a client who has viral pneumonia. The clients pulse o readings have fluctuated between 79% and 88% for the last 30 minutes. Which of the following O2 delivery systems should the nurse initiate to provide the highest concentration of O2? - ✔✔Nonrebreather mask The nurse should initiate this mask to deliver between 80% to 95% O2 to the client. A client who has an unstable respiratory status should receive oxygen via a non rebreather mask. A nurse is caring for a client who has bilateral pneumonia and a SaO2 of 85%. The client has dyspnea with a productive cough and is using accessory muscles to breathe. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first? - ✔✔Place the client in high Fowler's position. The clients greatest risk is airway obstruction. High Fowler's facilitates lung expansion and improves ventilation and gas exchange. A nurse is planning care for a client who has extensive burn injuries and is immune compromised. Which of the following precautions should the nurse include in the plan of care to prevent a Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection? - ✔✔Avoid placing plants or flowers in the client's room. An older adult client is brought to an emergency department by a family member. Which of the following assessment findings should cause the nurse to suspect that the client has hypertonic dehydration? - ✔✔A urine specific gravity of 1.045 A USG greater than 1.030 indicates a decrease injuries volume and an increase in Osmolality, which is a manifestation of hypertonic dehydration. A nurse in an emergency department is viewing the provider's prescriptions for a client who sustained a rattlesnake bite to the lower leg. Which of the following prescriptions should the nurse expect. - ✔✔Administer an opioid analgesic to the client. The nurse should expect a prescription to help with pain. A nurse is assessing a client who has a suspected stroke. The nurse should place the priority on which of the following findings. - ✔✔Dysphagia *Airway *Aspiration A nurse is teaching a young adult client how to perform testicular self examination. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include? - ✔✔Roll each testicle between the thumb and fingers. The nurse should instruct the client to roll each testicle horizontally between the thumbs and fingers to feel for any lumps deep in the center of the testicle. A nurse is providing instructions to a client who has type 2 diabetes mellitus and a new prescription for metformin. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching? - ✔✔"I should take this medication with a meal" The client should take metformin with or immediately following meals to improve absorption and to minimize gastrointestinal distress. A nurse is teaching a client who has venous insufficiency about self care. Which of the following statements should the nurse identify as an indication that the client understands the teaching? - ✔✔Compression stockings. A nurse is assessing a client who has acute cholecystitis. Which of the following findings is the nurses priority? - ✔✔Tachycardia When using the urgent vs. nonurgent approach to client care, the nurse should determine that the priority finding is tachycardia. Tachycardia is a manifestation of biliary colic, which can lead to shock. The nurse should position the head of the client's bed flat and report this finding immediately to the provider. A nurse is reviewing the health record of a client who is scheduled for allergy skin testing. The nurse should postpone the testing and report to the provider which of the following findings? - ✔✔Current meds The nurse should review the client's medication record and identify medications, including ACE inhibitors, beta blockers, theophylline, nifedipine, and glucocorticoids, such as prednisone, that can alter the allergy skin test results. These medications can diminish the client's reaction to the allergens. The nurse should notify the provider and instruct the client to discontinue prednisone for 2 weeks before allergy skin testing. A nurse is planning teaching for a client who has bladder cancer and is to undergo a cutaneous diversion procedure to establish a ureterostomy. Which of the following statements should the nurse include in the teaching? - ✔✔You should cut the opening of the skin barrier one-eighth inch wider than the stoma The client should cut the opening of the skin barrier 0.3 cm wider than the stoma to minimize irritation of the skin from exposure to urine. A nurse is providing teaching for a female client who has recurrent urinary tract infections. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching. - ✔✔Void before and after intercourse The nurse should instruct the client to empty her bladder before and after intercourse, which flushes bacteria out of the urinary tract and prevents the occurrence of infection. A nurse and assistive personnel (AP) are caring for a client who has bacterial meningitis. The nurse should give the AP which of the following instructions? - ✔✔Wear a mask. Bacterial meningitis requires droplet precautions; therefore, the AP and the nurse should wear a mask when coming within 0.9 m (3 ft) of the client until 24 hr after the client has begun receiving antibiotic therapy. A nurse is caring for a client who is 12 hours postoperative following a total hip arthroplasty. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? - ✔✔Place a pillow between clients legs to prevent hip dislocation A nurse in a providers office is assessing a client who has migraine headaches and is taking feverfew to prevent headaches. The nurse should identify that which of the following client medications interact with feverfew? - ✔✔Naproxen Both naproxen and feverfew impair platelet aggregation and place the client at risk for bleeding. A nurse is caring for a client who has pancreatitis. The nurse should expect which of the following laboratory results to be below the expected reference range? - ✔✔Calcium A nurse is providing discharge instructions to a client following an upper gastrointestinal series with barium contrast. Which of the following information should the nurse provide? - ✔✔Increase fluid intake. This will help prevent constipation. A nurse is assessing a client who has extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy 6 hours ago. Which of the following fundings should the nurse expect - ✔✔Stone fragments in the urine. ESWL is an effort to break the calculi so that the fragments pass down the ureter, into the bladder, and through the urethra during voiding. Following the procedure, the nurse should strain the client's urine to confirm the passage of stones. A nurse is assessing a group of clients for indications of role changes. The nurse should identify that which of the following clients is at risk for experiencing a role change? - ✔✔A client who has MS and is experiencing progressive difficulty ambulating. The nurse should identify that progression of a neurologic disease such as multiple sclerosis can lead to a role change as the client becomes less independent. [Show More]

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