ATI Med Surg Practice test A 2022/2023 with Rationales

Document Content and Description Below

A nurse is assessing a client who has acute cholecystitis. Which of the following findings is the nurse's priority? C. Tachycardia When using the urgent vs. nonurgent approach to client care, the nu... rse should determine that the priority finding is tachycardia. Tachycardia is a manifestation of biliary colic, which can lead to shock. The nurse should position the head of the client's bed flat and report this finding immediately to the provider A nurse is caring for a client who is undergoing hemodialysis to treat end-stage kidney disease (ESKD). The client reports muscle cramps and a tingling sensation in their hands. Which of the following medications should the nurse plan to administer? D. Calcium carbonate Hypocalcemia is a manifestation of ESKD and an adverse effect of dialysis. Often occurring late in the dialysis session, hypocalcemia can cause the client to experience muscle cramping and tingling to extremities. The nurse should plan to administer a calcium supplement, such as calcium carbonate, as a calcium replacement. A nurse is providing teaching to a client who is receiving chemotherapy and has a new prescription for epoetin alfa. Which of the following client statements indicates an understanding of the teaching? A. "I will monitor my blood pressure while taking this medication" Common side effect of epoetin alfa is hypertension The client should monitor their blood pressure while taking this medication because hypertension is a common adverse effect and can lead to hypertensive encephalopathy. A nurse is caring for a group of clients. The nurse should plan to make a referral to physical therapy for which of the following clients? A. A client who is receiving preoperative teaching for a right knee arthroplasty The nurse should make a referral to physical therapy for a client who is receiving preoperative teaching for a knee arthroplasty so the client can begin understanding postoperative exercises and physical restrictions A nurse is providing teaching to a female client who has a history of urinary tract infections (UTIs). Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching? D. Take daily cranberry supplements The client should take cranberry supplements or drink low-fructose cranberry juice because it contains compounds that adhere to the urinary tract wall, decreasing the risk for developing a UTI A nurse is providing instructions to a client who has type 2 diabetes mellitus and a new prescription for metformin. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching? B. "I should take this medication with a meal." The client should take metformin with or immediately following meals to improve absorption and to minimize gastrointestinal distress A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving total parenteral nutrition (TPN). A new bag is not available when the current infusion is nearly completed. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? C. Administer dextrose 10% in water until the new bag arrives TP solutions have a high concentration of dextrose. Therefore, if a TPN solution is temporarily unavailable, the nurse should administer dextrose 10% or 20% in water to avoid a precipitous drop in the client's blood glucose level. A nurse in a community clinic is caring for a client who reports an increase in the frequency of migraine headaches. To help reduce the risk for migraine headaches, which of the following foods should the nurse recommend the client to avoid? B. Aged cheese Foods that contain tyramine, such as aged cheese and sausage, can trigger migraine headaches. A nurse is preparing a client who has supraventricular tachycardia for elective cardioversion. Which of the following prescribed medications should the nurse instruct the client to withhold for 48 hr prior to cardioversion? C. Digoxin There is an increased risk of ventricular arrhythmias developing in patients taking digoxin during electrical cardioversion. Reduce dosage or withhold therapy for 1 to 2 days before elective cardioversion Cardiac glycosides, such as digoxin, are withheld prior to cardioversion. These medications can increase ventricular irritability and put the client at risk for ventricular fibrillation after the synchronized countershock of cardioversion A nurse is caring for a client who has anorexia, low-grade fever, night sweats, and a productive cough. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first? D. Initiate airborne precautions This client is exhibiting manifestations of tuberculosis. The greatest risk in this client situation is for other people in the facility to acquire an airborne disease from this client. Therefore, the first action the nurse should take is to initiate airborne precautions A nurse is caring for a client who has a stage III pressure injury. Which of the following findings contributes to delayed wound healing? D. Urine output 25 mL/hr Urinary output reflects fluid status. Inadequate urine output can indicate dehydration, which can delay wound healing. [Show More]

Last updated: 1 year ago

Preview 1 out of 42 pages