ATLS study cards Questions and Answers with complete solutions Graded A+

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ATLS study cards Questions and Answers with complete solutions Graded A+ 1 / 21 1. Glasgow Coma Scale: 2. Chance fracture: Transverse fracture through vertebra. In children usually associated wi... th enterc disruption. Seen in motor vehicle accidents involving only lap belt. May be associated with retroperitoneal and Abdominal visceral injuries. 3. Anterior hip dislocation: Flexed, abducted, externally rotated. 4. Burst fracture: Associated with vertebral-axial compression injuries 5. Posterior hip dislocation: Flexed, aDDucted, internally rotated 6. Anterior shoulder dislocation: Squared off appearance 7. Posterior shoulder dislocation: Lock in internal rotation. 8. Ankle dislocation: Most are Externally rotated, with a prominent medial malleolus. 9. FULL thickness (3rd degree) burn: Dark or white and leathery. Translucent white as well. Painless and generally "dry" Does not blanch with pressure. Very little swelling of burned tissue. 10. Principle Life saving measures for patients with burn injuries include: - -Establishing airway control -Stopping the burning. process -Intravenous access 11. Factors that increase the risk for upper AIRWAY OBSTRUCTION in burns include:: -Burns to the head and face -Burn size and depth -Burns inside the mouth 12. Partial thickness burn: Red remodeled appearance with associated swelling and blister formation. May have weeping or wet appearance and is painfully hypersensitive even to air current. 13. Signs and symptoms and history that suggest INHALATION INJURY include:: These patients should be intubated. Inhalation injury is an indication for transfer to a burn center. 14. Rule of nines - adult: The palm represents 1% of the body total surface area.ATLS study cards Questions and Answers with complete solutions Graded A+ 2 / 21 15. Symptoms of carbon monoxide poisoning and respective levels: PaO2 does not reliably predict carbon monoxide poisoning because a CO partial pressure of only 1 mmm Hg results in a hemoglobin CO level of 40% or greater. 16. Carbon monoxide has how many times greater affinity for hemoglobin than oxygen: 240 times. It displaces the oxyhemoglobin desaturated curve to the LEFT. 17. Two criteria required for the diagnosis of smoke inhalation injury: -Exposure to a combustible agent -Signs of exposure to smoke in the lower airway, below the vocal cords, by bronchoscopy. 18. Performing this action will help reduce neck and chest wall edema in patients with burn and inhalation injury.: Elevation of the head and chest by 30 degrees. 19. IV fluid administration formula for burn victims: Indicated in burns involving over 20% of the body surface area. *(2-4 mL/kg of LR/NS) (weight in kg) (% area of burn); give 1/2 of this volume in first 8 hours. Remainder in over 16 hours. Large caliber, at least 15 gauge intravenous line should be introduced. 20. Pitfalls for IV fluid requirements for burn victims.: These patients require greater fluid requirements: ~immolation injury ~pediatric burn victims ~concomitant blunt or crush injuries. 21. Basic rules regarding IV fluids administration in burn victims: IV fluid Rate should not be based on the time of actual injury. [Show More]

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