Chapter 13- Anatomy and Physiology of Pregnancy Lowdermilk- Maternity & Women's Health Care, 12th Edition Latest Solution Update 2022

Document Content and Description Below

Chapter 13- Anatomy and Physiology of Pregnancy Lowdermilk- Maternity & Women's Health Care, 12th Edition Latest Solution Update 2022 1. Which presumptive sign or symptom of pregnancy would a c... lient experience who is approximately 10 weeks of gestation? a. Amenorrhea b. Positive pregnancy test c. Chadwick sign d. Hegar sign - ANS: A Amenorrhea is a presumptive sign of pregnancy. Presumptive signs of pregnancy are those felt by the woman. A positive pregnancy test and the presence of the Chadwick and Hegar signs are all probable signs of pregnancy 2. A client is seen at the clinic at 14 weeks of gestation for a follow-up appointment. At which level does the nurse expect to palpate the fundus? a. Nonpalpable above the symphysis at 14 weeks of gestation b. Slightly above the symphysis pubis c. At the level of the umbilicus d. Slightly above the umbilicus - ANS: B In normal pregnancies, the uterus grows at a predictable rate. It may be palpated above the symphysis pubis sometime between the 12th and 14th weeks of pregnancy. As the uterus grows, it may be palpated above the symphysis pubis sometime between the 12th and 14th weeks of pregnancy. At 14 weeks, the uterus is not yet at the level of the umbilicus. The fundus is not palpable above the umbilicus until 22 to 24 weeks of gestation. 3. The musculoskeletal system adapts to the changes that occur throughout the pregnancy. Which musculoskeletal alteration should the client expect? a. Her center of gravity will shift backward. b. She will have increased lordosis. c. She will have increased abdominal muscle tone. d. She will notice decreased mobility of her pelvic joints. - ANS: B An increase in the normal lumbosacral curve (lordosis) develops, and a compensatory curvature in the cervicodorsal region develops to help her maintain balance. The center of gravity shifts forward. She will have decreased abdominal muscle tone and will notice increased mobility of her pelvic joints. 4. A 31-year-old woman believes that she may be pregnant. She took an over-thecounter (OTC) pregnancy test 1 week ago after missing her period; the test was positive. During her assessment interview, the nurse asks about the woman's last menstrual period and whether she is taking any medications. The client states that she takes medicine for epilepsy. She has been under considerable stress lately at work and has not been sleeping well. Her physical examination does not indicate that she is pregnant. She has an ultrasound scan, which confirms that she is not pregnant. What is the most likely cause of the false-positive pregnancy test result? a. The pregnancy test was taken too early. b. Anticonvulsant medications may cause the false-positive test result. c. The woman has a fibroid tumor. d. She has been under considerable stress and has a hormone imbalance. - ANS: B Anticonvulsants may cause false-positive pregnancy test results. OTC pregnancy tests use enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) technology, which can yield positive results as soon as 4 days after implantation. Implantation occurs 6 to 10 days after conception. If the woman were pregnant, then she would be into her third week at this point (having missed her period 1 week ago). Fibroid tumors do not produce hormones and have no bearing on human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) pregnancy tests. Although stress may interrupt normal hormone cycles (menstrual cycles), it does not affect hCG levels or produce positive pregnancy test results. 5. A woman is in her seventh month of pregnancy. She reports episodes of nasal congestion and occasional epistaxis. Which statement best describes why this may be happening to this client? a. This respiratory change is normal in pregnancy and caused by an elevated level of estrogen. b. This cardiovascular change is abnormal, and the nosebleeds are an ominous sign. c. The woman is a victim of domestic violence and is being hit in the face by her partner. d. The woman has been likely intranasally using cocaine for several months. - ANS: A Elevated levels of estrogen cause capillaries to become engorged in the respiratory tract, which may result in edema in the nose, larynx, trachea, and bronchi. This congestion may cause nasal stuffiness and epistaxis. Cardiovascular changes in pregnancy may cause edema in the lower extremities. Domestic violence cannot be determined on the basis on the sparse facts provided. If the woman had been hit in the face, then she most likely would have additional physical findings. Cocaine use cannot be determined on the basis on the sparse facts provided. 6. The nurse is providing education to a client regarding the normal changes of the breasts during pregnancy. Which statement regarding these changes is correct? a. The visibility of blood vessels that form an intertwining blue network indicates a possible infection of the tubercles. b. The mammary glands do not develop until 2 weeks before labor. c. Lactation is inhibited until the progesterone level declines after birth. d. Colostrum is the yellowish oily substance used to lubricate the nipples for breastfeeding. - ANS: C Lactation is inhibited until after birth due to progesterone levels. The visible blue network of blood vessels is a normal outgrowth of a richer blood supply. The mammary glands are functionally complete by mid-pregnancy. Colostrum is a creamy white-toyellow pre-milk fluid that can be expressed from the nipples before birth. 7. Which hormone is essential for maintaining pregnancy? CONTINUES... [Show More]

Last updated: 1 year ago

Preview 1 out of 9 pages