NES Professional Knowledge Elementary Education Already Passed

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NES Professional Knowledge Elementary Education Already Passed Metacognition -ANS>> awareness and understanding of ones own thought process Criterion-Referenced Test -ANS>> Individual's perfor... mance is measured against mastery of curriculum criteria rather than other students (Often tests/quizzes are made by the teacher) Norm-Referenced Test -ANS>> report whether test takers performed better or worse than an average student Constructivism (Piaget) -ANS>> Students are actively involved in the process of meaning and knowledge construction. Spiral Curriculum (Bruner) -ANS>> Students see the same topics every year, with each encounter increasing in complexity and reinforcing previous learning Diagnostic Assessment -ANS>> A pretest that assesses what a student's baseline content knowledge is. Summative Assessment -ANS>> midterm or final, a test for high points that culminates all that has been taught in a unit. Formative Assessment -ANS>> given within a topic to check where students are struggling and reinforce retainment. Aptitude Assessment -ANS>> measures a student's ability to learn a skill Hollistic Scoring -ANS>> Evaluate writing for overall quality ESSA-Every Student Succeeds Act -ANS>> ensures opportunity for all students and requires accountability through standardized testing. Zone of Proximal Development (Vygotsky) -ANS>> Instruction based on levels of performance 1) what a child can do alone 2) ZPD-what a child can do with scaffolding 3) what a child cannot do yet Operant Conditioning -ANS>> strengthening a specific behavior through the use of rewards and punishments Classical Conditioning -ANS>> a learning process that occurs when two stimuli are repeatedly paired; a response that is at first elicited by the second stimulus is eventually elicited by the first stimulus alone. Hierarchy of Needs (Maslow) -ANS>> Basic - psychological and safety Psychological - belongingness, love, and esteem Self-Fullfillment - self-actualization Stages of Cognitive Development (Piaget) -ANS>> Sensorimotor 0-2yrs motor skillls Preoperational 2-7yrs symbolic thinking Concrete Operational 7-11yrs concepts to real Formal Operational 11+yrs -theoretical concepts Social Learning Theory (Bandura) -ANS>> people learn behaviors by observing others Schema Theory (Schmidt) -ANS>> all knowledge is organized into units of stored information [Show More]

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