Asvab Study Guide Exam 166 Questions with Verified Answers,100% CORRECT

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Asvab Study Guide Exam 166 Questions with Verified Answers Crust - CORRECT ANSWER Earth's outermost layer. Mantle - CORRECT ANSWER The layer of hot, solid material between Earth's crust and co... re. core - CORRECT ANSWER The central part of the earth below the mantle tectonic plates - CORRECT ANSWER Large movable plates under the Earth's surface. divergent plate boundaries - CORRECT ANSWER tectonic plates spreading apart, new crust being formed (ex. mid-ocean ridges, rift valleys). convergent plate boundaries - CORRECT ANSWER Areas where plates move toward each other and collide, causing uplift. transform plate boundaries - CORRECT ANSWER Boundary between two plates that are sliding past each other. igneous rock - CORRECT ANSWER a type of rock that forms from the cooling of molten rock at or below the surface sedimentary rock - CORRECT ANSWER forms over time as sediment is layered, squeezed and solidified. Examples include sandstone, limestone, coal, and shale. metamorphic rock - CORRECT ANSWER rock that has been changed by heat and pressure Evaporation - CORRECT ANSWER Liquid to gas Condensation - CORRECT ANSWER Gas to liquid Precipitation - CORRECT ANSWER rain, snow, sleet, or hail that falls to the ground. Troposphere - CORRECT ANSWER 0-17 km above Earth's surface, site of weather, organisms, contains most atmospheric water vapor. (temperature decreases with increasing altitude, pressure decreases) Stratosphere - CORRECT ANSWER 2nd layer of atmosphere; extends from 10 to 30 miles up; location of ozone layer; absorbs 95% of Ultraviolet radiation; temperature increases with altitude increase. Mesosphere - CORRECT ANSWER The strong, lower part of the mantle between the asthenosphere and the outer core Thermosphere - CORRECT ANSWER The uppermost layer of the atmosphere, in which temperature increases as altitude increases Exosphere - CORRECT ANSWER The outer layer of the thermosphere, extending outward into space. Mercury - CORRECT ANSWER The smallest of the terrestrial planets and the closest to the sun. It is dense, with a very large iron core, and geologically quiet. It takes on 88 Earth days for Mercury to complete one revolution around the sun, Venus - CORRECT ANSWER The brightest object in our night sky, with the exception of the moon. Venus's rotation is the in opposite direction than it revolves. The rate of its rotation is very slow. It takes Venus 243 days to rotate around its axis, Earth - CORRECT ANSWER 3rd planet from sun; has an atmosphere that protects life & surface temp.'s that allow water to exist as a solid, liquid, & gas Mars - CORRECT ANSWER It is called the "red planet" because of the weathering of iron-rich rocks on its surface. Mars is the most Earth-like of all the planets. Evidence exists that Mars once had a great deal of liquid surface water. Ice Giants - CORRECT ANSWER Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune form the outer planets. They are much colder, larger and more massive than the inner planets. Jupiter and Saturn are gas giants. Uranus and Neptune are ice giants. Jupiter - CORRECT ANSWER largest planet saturn - CORRECT ANSWER second-largest and sixth planet from the Sun; has a complex ring system, at least 31 moons, and a thick atmosphere made mostly of hydrogen and helium Uranus - CORRECT ANSWER The seventh planet from the sun Neptune - CORRECT ANSWER 8th planet from the sun Comets - CORRECT ANSWER a celestial object consisting of a nucleus of ice and dust and, when near the sun, a "tail" of gas and dust particles pointing away from the sun. Earth's atmosphere - CORRECT ANSWER Composed of nitrogen (78%), oxygen (21%), and very small amounts of water vapor, carbon dioxide and other "trace gases": ozone (O3), methane (CH4), nitrous oxide (N2O), etc. Producer - CORRECT ANSWER organism that makes its own food Herbivore - CORRECT ANSWER A consumer that eats only plants. Carnivore - CORRECT ANSWER A consumer that eats only animals. Ominivore - CORRECT ANSWER Consumers that eat both plants and animals. Scavengers and decomposers - CORRECT ANSWER organisms that feed off of other dead organisms food web - CORRECT ANSWER A community of organisms where there are several interrelated food chains energy pyramid - CORRECT ANSWER Shows the amount of energy that moves from one feeding level to another in a food web Muscular System - CORRECT ANSWER Allows manipulation of the environment, locomotion, and facial expression. Maintains posture, and produces heat. Respitory system - CORRECT ANSWER the organ system that brings oxygen to body cells and removes waste gas circulatory system - CORRECT ANSWER Transports oxygen, waste, nutrients, hormones, heat, etc... around the body digestive system - CORRECT ANSWER Breaks down food into absorbable units that enter the blood for distribution to body cells. nerves system - CORRECT ANSWER the network of nerve cells and fibers that transmits nerve impulses between parts of the body. reproductive system - CORRECT ANSWER Reproduce offspring- produce male sex cells (sperm) and female sex cells (oocytes) Gregor Mendel - CORRECT ANSWER Father of genetics dominant allele - CORRECT ANSWER An allele whose trait always shows up in the organism when the allele is present. ressesive allele - CORRECT ANSWER one that is masked by dominate allele: symbolized by a lowercase letter (ex p) Genotype - CORRECT ANSWER An organism's genetic makeup, or allele combinations.RR = This plant will have round seeds.Rr = This plant will have round seeds.rr = This plant will have wrinkled seeds. Farenheit - CORRECT ANSWER tempurature scale on which water freezes at 32 degrees and boils at 212 degrees Celcius - CORRECT ANSWER Metric temperature scale on which water freezes at 0 degrees and boils at 100 degrees Kelvin - CORRECT ANSWER The SI base unit of temperature Newton's First Law - CORRECT ANSWER An object at rest stays at rest and an object in motion stays in motion with the same speed and in the same direction unless acted upon by an unbalanced force. Newtons second law - CORRECT ANSWER Force equals mass times acceleration Newton's Third Law - CORRECT ANSWER For every action there is an equal and opposite reaction Newton's Law of Universal Gravitation - CORRECT ANSWER The law that says every object in the universe attracts every other object, and that the force is affected by mass and distance: the greater the mass of an object, the greater the attraction; the farther apart the objects, the weaker the attraction. speed of light - CORRECT ANSWER 300,000 km/s speed of sound - CORRECT ANSWER 343 m/s v = sqrt(K/p) depends on: 1. K = *bulk modulus* of medium (why sound is faster in solids) 2. p = density (why sound is faster in a dense solid) 3. temperature of medium (why sound is faster in hot air) theory of special relativity - CORRECT ANSWER Albert Einstein's theory that time and space are relative to the observer and that only the speed of light remains constant kinetic energy - CORRECT ANSWER energy of motion potiential energy - CORRECT ANSWER stored energy mechanical energy - CORRECT ANSWER Kinetic or potential energy associated with the motion or position of an object chemical energy - CORRECT ANSWER Energy stored in chemical bonds nuclear energy - CORRECT ANSWER Energy stored in the nucleus of an atom Gravitational Energy - CORRECT ANSWER Potential energy that depends on the height of an object thermal energy - CORRECT ANSWER Heat energy electical energy - CORRECT ANSWER is the energy of moving electric charges radiant energy - CORRECT ANSWER energy carried by light sound energy - CORRECT ANSWER Energy caused by an object's vibrations Motion/Mechanical Energy - CORRECT ANSWER movement of objects or substances from one place to another atoms - CORRECT ANSWER Basic unit of matter Element - CORRECT ANSWER A pure substance made of only one kind of atom Molocule - CORRECT ANSWER two or more atoms bonded together Compund - CORRECT ANSWER A substance made up of atoms of two or more different elements joined by chemical bonds Solid - CORRECT ANSWER Definite shape and volume liquid - CORRECT ANSWER A state of matter that has no definite shape but has a definite volume. gas - CORRECT ANSWER A state of matter with no definite shape or volume Freezing - CORRECT ANSWER liquid to solid Melting - CORRECT ANSWER solid to liquid Condensation - CORRECT ANSWER Gas to liquid Vaporization - CORRECT ANSWER Liquid to gas Sublimation - CORRECT ANSWER solid to gas Deposition - CORRECT ANSWER gas to solid Protons - CORRECT ANSWER Positively charged particles Electrons - CORRECT ANSWER Negatively charged particles Nuetron - CORRECT ANSWER A subatomic particle that has no charge and that is found in the nucleus of an atom ions - CORRECT ANSWER positively and negatively charged atoms atomic number - CORRECT ANSWER the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom mass number - CORRECT ANSWER the sum of the number of neutrons and protons in an atomic nucleus Reactants - CORRECT ANSWER A starting material in a chemical reaction Products - CORRECT ANSWER The elements or compounds produced by a chemical reaction.Reactants → Products Example of a Chemical Equation: Carbon + Oxygen → Carbon DioxideC + O2 → CO2 Reduction and Oxidation - CORRECT ANSWER a reaction that occurs when electrons are transferred from one reactant to another redox reaction - CORRECT ANSWER A chemical reaction involving the transfer of one or more electrons from one reactant to another; also called oxidation-reduction reaction. Acids - CORRECT ANSWER compounds that form hydrogen ions when dissolved in water Bases - CORRECT ANSWER Compounds that reduce the concentration of hydrogen ions in a solution. Nuetral substance - CORRECT ANSWER pH of 7 PEMDAS - CORRECT ANSWER Parentheses, Exponents, Multiplication, Division, Addition, Subtraction factorial - CORRECT ANSWER The product of all whole numbers except zero that are less than or equal to a number Exponents - CORRECT ANSWER The number that is small and raised to show how many times to multiply the number by itself. square root - CORRECT ANSWER a number that when multiplied by itself equals a given number cube root - CORRECT ANSWER One of three equal factors of a number. numerator - CORRECT ANSWER the top number in a fraction denominator - CORRECT ANSWER The bottom number in a fraction Dividing Fractions - CORRECT ANSWER Invert (reciprocal) the second fraction and multiply Adding Fractions - CORRECT ANSWER change the fractions into the lowest common denominator and add the numerators Multiplying Fractions - CORRECT ANSWER Multiply the numerators and put the product over the product of the denominators mixed fraction - CORRECT ANSWER a whole number and a fraction.To convert 325325 to an improper fraction, we must first determine what the new numerator will be. We do so by multiplying the whole number by the denominator and add the numerator to it: 5×3+2=15+2=17 Converting Percentages to Decimals - CORRECT ANSWER move decimal two places to the left and drop the percent sign.Taking this a step farther, we can convert 12% into a decimal by simply moving the decimal point two positions to the left: 12%=0.12 Percentage calculation - CORRECT ANSWER Percentage is proportion multiplied by 100, expressed as: % = x/y (100)% Converting Improper Fractions to Mixed Numbers - CORRECT ANSWER Divide the numerator by the denominator to get an Mixed Number. 22/5=4 2/5 *Remember to simplify to lowest form* solving for x - CORRECT ANSWER In order to move a number that is multiplied or divided by the variable, you must do the inverse to both sides. That means, if the number is multiplied, you must divide it by both sides. If it's divided, you must multiply it by both side. steps so that you can apply them to more complex problems Solving for x in an Inequality you must - CORRECT ANSWER when you divide (or multiply) by a negative number, the inequality sign changes direction. Ratios - CORRECT ANSWER a comparison of two quantities using division Equivalent proportions - CORRECT ANSWER A/b=c/d; b/a=d/c; a/c=b/d; c/a=d/b Polynomial Basics - CORRECT ANSWER Recall that when we multiply numbers raised to a power, we add their exponents: 72⋅73=72+3=75 polynomial terms - CORRECT ANSWER each term of a polynomial is named based on its degree, as follows: cubic: degree of 3; quadratic: degree of 2; linear: degree of 1; constant: degree of 0 like terms of a polynomial - CORRECT ANSWER Two terms of a polynomial that have the same variable symbols each raised to the same power are called like terms. mulitiplying polynomials - CORRECT ANSWER When multiplying polynomials, every term must be multiplied by every other term and added together.Handshake 1: 3⋅x=3x3⋅�=3�Handshake 2: 3⋅2=63⋅2=6Sum of Handshakes =3x+6 multiplying polynomials using a grid - CORRECT ANSWER You may find it beneficial to set up these problems in a grid. For many, it is a helpful organizational tool. Let's revisit Example 3 from above, but use a grid approach: (5x+3)(2x-4)(5�+3)(2�-4) We have 2 terms in the first polynomial ("Company A") and 2 terms in the second polynomial ("Company B"). This means we want to set up a 2×2 grid as follows: mean, median, mode, range - CORRECT ANSWER Mean:the arithmetic average of a distribution, obtained by adding the scores and then dividing by the number of scores Median: the middle score in a distribution; half the scores are above it and half are below it Mode: the number that occurs most often in a set of data Range: the difference between the highest and lowest scores in a distributionMedian=7+112=9,99 occurs twice in the list and all other values each only occur once, the Mode=9Mode=9,RangeRange =Largest Value−Smallest Value=Largest Value−Smallest Value Range=15−2=13Range=15−2=13 Outliers - CORRECT ANSWER Numbers that are much greater or much less than the other numbers in the set Probability Basics - CORRECT ANSWER •Chance events are described by probability •Probability is given as a fraction or decimal equivalent over a range of zero to one. (also 0% to 100%) •A probability of 0 means an event will not happen and therefore is not due to chance at all. •A probability of 1 means an event will happen - it is certain and therefore not due to chance at all •Anything that is chance ranges between those values •For example, the chance of a flipped coin landing with heads up is ½ ( or 0.5, or 50%) Probability Formula - CORRECT ANSWER Favorable Outcomes/Total Possible Outcomes,Probability that an 'O' state is chosenProbability that an 'O' state is chosen =Number of Successful OutcomesNumber of Possible Outcomes=Number of Successful OutcomesNumber of Possible Outcomes =350=0.06=6% tree diagram - CORRECT ANSWER A diagram used to show the total number of possible outcomes,Probability of 'heads' then '5 or 6'Probability of 'heads' then '5 or 6' =Number of Successful OutcomesNumber of Possible Outcomes=Number of Successful OutcomesNumber of Possible Outcomes =212=16 independent events - CORRECT ANSWER The outcome of one event does not affect the outcome of the second event Area of a rectangle - CORRECT ANSWER A=lw Length x Width Volume of a rectangular prism - CORRECT ANSWER V=lwh Angles - CORRECT ANSWER 2 rays joined together at a vertex right angle - CORRECT ANSWER an angle that measures 90 degrees complementary angles - CORRECT ANSWER Two angles whose sum is 90 degrees supplementary angles - CORRECT ANSWER Two angles whose sum is 180 degrees Angles in a triangle - CORRECT ANSWER add up to 180 degrees equilateral triangle - CORRECT ANSWER A triangle with three congruent sides isosceles triangle - CORRECT ANSWER a triangle with at least two congruent sides scalene triangle - CORRECT ANSWER a triangle with no congruent sides Area of a triangle - CORRECT ANSWER A=1/2bh Area of a quadrilateral - CORRECT ANSWER A=bh always sum to 360 degrees Parellelogram - CORRECT ANSWER a quadrilateral with 2 pairs of parallel sides Area of a parallelogram - CORRECT ANSWER base x height rectangle - CORRECT ANSWER A parallelogram with four right angles 90 degrees Area and perimeter of a rectangle - CORRECT ANSWER A= lw P= 2l + 2w Radius - CORRECT ANSWER A straight line from the center to the circumference of a circle or sphere. diameter - CORRECT ANSWER A straight line passing from side to side through the center of a circle or sphere. pi - CORRECT ANSWER 3.14159 circumfrence of a circle formula - CORRECT ANSWER 2 x pie x radius OR diameter x pie Area of a circle - CORRECT ANSWER A=πr² What is NaCl? - CORRECT ANSWER Salt. Observe most nearly means - CORRECT ANSWER Watch. If there are 3 quarts of gas in a gallon container, how full is the container? - CORRECT ANSWER 75% If x + y = 2 and x − y = 1, then - CORRECT ANSWER x = 3/2, y = 1/2 The rotor of a generator moves inside a circle of a - CORRECT ANSWER magnet The coolant in a car flows through the - CORRECT ANSWER engine block Air is less dense than water because - CORRECT ANSWER its molecules are further apart 100° C is equal to - CORRECT ANSWER 212° F. Salt helps to melt ice because it - CORRECT ANSWER lowers the temperature at which water freezes If the tire of a car rotates at a constant speed of 552 times in one minute, how many times will the tire rotate in half-an-hour? - CORRECT ANSWER 16,560 One in every 9 people in a town vote for party A. All others vote for party B. How many people vote for party B in a town of 810? - CORRECT ANSWER 720 A motorcycle cost $7,250. If it depreciates by 12% per year, how much will it be worth after one year? - CORRECT ANSWER $6,380 Antagonize most nearly means - CORRECT ANSWER provoke Wilted most nearly means - CORRECT ANSWER limp His record provides no reason for -apprehension- - CORRECT ANSWER anxiety the square root of 27/3 is - CORRECT ANSWER 3 a block has a length of 8, width of 3 and a height of 4, what is the volume? - CORRECT ANSWER 96 Shock absorbers on a car connect the axle to the - CORRECT ANSWER chassis If a car is driven mostly in a city so that the spark plug tip never gets hot enough to burn off excess carbons in the cylinder, then - CORRECT ANSWER the tip should be pushed further into the cylinder Sanding blocks are used to - CORRECT ANSWER prevent high spots and ridges on sanded surfaces. Which handsaw should be used to make a rough cut with the grain in a thick board? - CORRECT ANSWER ripsaw theres _____ quarts in 1 gallon - CORRECT ANSWER 4 2×2-3+6=? - CORRECT ANSWER 7 [Show More]

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