TEST BANK FOR PORTH’S PATHOPHYSIOLOGY 10TH EDITION BY NORRIS CHAPTER 49 & 50: Disorders of Musculoskeletal Function: Developmental and Metabolism Disorders AND Disorders of Musculoskeletal Function: Rheumatic Disorders

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1. While being tackled, a 20-year-old football player puts out his hand to break his fall to the ground. Because the intense pain in his wrist did not subside by the end of the game, he was brought to... an emergency department where diagnostic imaging indicated an incomplete tear of the ligament surrounding his wrist joint. At the time of admission, his wrist was swollen with a severely restricted range of motion. What will his care team most likely tell the player about his diagnosis and treatment? A) “This strain will likely resolve itself with sufficient rest.” B) “You've suffered a severe sprain, and you might need a cast.” C) “Your wrist contusion will have to be observed for bleeding under the skin surface.” D) “It looks like a mild to moderate sprain, and you'll need to keep it immobilized for a few weeks.” Ans: D Feedback: Damage to the ligament structures is associated with sprains, and an incomplete tear would be indicative of a mild to moderate (grade 1 or 2) sprain. A strain is associated most commonly with overuse, and severe sprain would involve total disruption of the ligament. 2. A 41-year-old woman has been diagnosed as having a loose body of cartilage in her left knee. What data would most likely lead clinicians to this conclusion? A) A visible hematoma is present on the anterior portion of the knee. B) The woman experiences intermittent, painful locking of her joint. C) Computed tomography indicates a complete tear of her knee ligament. D) An x-ray shows that her femoral head and tibia are no longer articulated. Ans: B Feedback: The symptoms of loose bodies are painful catching and locking of the joint. The loose body repeatedly gets caught in the crevice of a joint, pinching the underlying healthy cartilage. A tear of her ligament, a hematoma, or a lack of articulation is not as closely associated with the presence of loose bodies in a joint. 3. A 22-year-old woman has sustained a lateral blow to her right knee during a game, and subsequent imaging has confirmed a severe meniscus injury. Which of the following consequences should the woman expect over the course of recovery? Select all that apply. A) Decreased lubrication in the knee joint B) Decreased stability of the knee C) Reduced shock absorption capacity D) Presence of infectious microorganisms in the synovial capsule E) Rapid restoration of the cartilage cells in the meniscus Ans: A, B, C Feedback: Meniscal injuries have consequences for the lubricating and shock absorption capacities of the meniscus and would involve decreased range of motion. An infectious process is unlikely due to the internal nature of meniscal injuries, and healing is typically very slow. 4. The nurse knows that which of the following patients listed below is at high risk for developing a hip fracture? A) A 77-year-old male who runs marathons and maintains a BMI of 25. B) An 82-year-old female with macular degeneration and uses a walker to go to the bathroom. C) A 64-year-old male with uncontrolled diabetes and chronic kidney disease on dialysis. D) A 73-year-old nursing home patient with long-term continence issues but able to walk the hallways for exercise. Ans: B Feedback: Hip fracture is a major public health problem in the Western world. The incidence of hip fractures increases with age. The incidence is also higher in white women compared with nonwhite women. Risk factors for hip fracture include low BMI, tall body structure, use of benzodiazepines, lack of exercise, previous injury to lower body extremity, vision problems, and confusion. [Show More]

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