TEST BANK FOR PORTH’S PATHOPHYSIOLOGY 10TH EDITION BY NORRIS CHAPTER 9: Inflammation, Tissue Repair, and Wound Healing

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1. A 23-year-old man has received a recent diagnosis of appendicitis following 24 hours of acute abdominal pain. The nurse providing care for the man is explaining that while unpleasant, the inflammat... ion of his appendix is playing a role in his body's fight against the underlying infectious process. Which of the following teaching points should the nurse eliminate from his teaching to the patient? A) “Inflammation can help to remove the body tissue cells that have been damaged by infection.” B) “Inflammation will start your body on the path to growing new, healthy tissue at the site of infection.” C) “Inflammation helps your body to produce the right antibodies to fight the infection.” D) “Inflammation ultimately aids in eliminating the initial cause of the cell injury in your appendix.” Ans: C Feedback: Antibody production is not a noted component of the inflammatory response. Removing damaged cells, generating new tissue, and eliminating the cause of cell injury are all documented components of the inflammatory response. 2. A patient presented to the emergency department of the hospital with a swollen, reddened, painful leg wound and has been diagnosed with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) cellulitis. The patient's physician has ordered a complete blood count and white cell differential. Which of the following blood components would the physician most likely anticipate to be elevated? A) Basophils B) Eosinophils C) Platelets D) Neutrophils Ans: D Feedback: Increased neutrophils are associated with inflammation in general and bacterial infections in particular. Platelets play a role in inflammation, but their levels would not rise to the same extent as would neutrophils'. Eosinophils are not strongly associated with bacterial infection, and basophils would not increase to the same degree as neutrophils. 3. A 16-year-old girl has broken her arm while snowboarding. When she arrives at hospital, she is shocked at the amount of swelling at the injury site. Which of the following statements best explains the physiological rationale for her swelling? A) Migration and proliferation of mast cells, neutrophils, and platelets to the injury site occupy an increased volume of tissue. B) Potent vasodilation increases the total volume of vascular space at the site of inflammation. C) Osmotic flow of plasma into the intravascular space causes increased blood volume and interstitial fluid. D) Loss of plasma proteins causes an increase in interstitial osmotic pressure. Ans: D Feedback: Swelling is the result of plasma proteins leaving the interstitial space, resulting in increased osmotic pressure of interstitial fluid and movement of fluid into tissues. Blood components, vasodilation, nor increased intravascular volume accounts for swelling. 4. Which of the following phenomena best accounts for the increased presence of leukocytes at the site of inflammation? A) Existing leukocytes stick to the epithelial cells and move along blood vessel walls. B) Increased numbers of leukocytes are released into circulation via cytokine stimulation. C) Leukocytes are osmotically drawn from circulation into the interstitial space as a result of swelling. D) Epithelium expresses leukocyte stimulation factors in response to cell injury. Ans: A Feedback: During inflammation, leukocytes accumulate at the point of epithelial contact in the processes of margination, adhesion, and transmigration. This is not directly achieved by a way of increased leukocyte production or release, nor by osmotic pressure. The epithelium does not produce leukocyte stimulation factors. [Show More]

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