Moraine Valley Community CollegeMDT 115Copy of Unit 4 Reading Guide (1)

Document Content and Description Below

Name:_______________________________________________ Date:___________ Period:_______ Unit 4: Sea-Based Empires Comparison 1450-1750 Spain Portugal Government Explain the process of state building... and expansion. How they built and managed their empires? Who was in charge? What type of govt? Iberian peninsula Spain Organizes Its American Empire Although the conquistadors were successful at conquering territory and establishing colonies for Spain, they were not effective at running the colonies. Under Spanish rule, Indians were enslaved and forced to labor on encomiendas, large Spanish-owned plantations. Charles I ​ Philip II Composite monarchy Iberian peninsula Portugal's colonial empire was the first established by a European power. It began in the fifteenth century when Portuguese kings sought trade routes to and from the East Indies. ... In 711 the Moors—Muslims from North Africa—conquered much of the Iberian Peninsula absolute monarch Philip I Trading Posts and/or Colonies Established In southern Central and South America, settlements were founded in Panama (1519); León, Nicaragua (1524); Cartagena (1532); Piura (1532); Quito (1534); Trujillo (1535); Cali (1537) Bogotá (1538); Quito (1534); Cuzco 1534); Lima (1535); Tunja, (1539); Huamanga 1539; Arequipa (1540); Santiago de Chile (1544) Portugal colonized parts of South America (Brazil, Colónia do Sacramento, Uruguay, Guanare, Venezuela), but also made some unsuccessful attempts to colonize North America (Newfoundland and Labrador and Nova Scotia in Canada). Technological Innovations What technologies did this empire utilize or develop to establish and maintain their sea-based empire? Other useful everyday Spanish inventions include the first modern version of the stapler (Juan Solozabal and Juan Olive), the first mechanical pencil sharpener (Ignacio Urresti), the classical guitar, and packaged cigarettes, among many others. Spanish inventions also include items with a fun flare. ● Carrack (Nau) - the Oceanic Carrack (a new and different model, and largest carrack) ● Galleon (the Oceanic Galleon) ● Square-rigged caravel (Round caravel). ... ● The Nonius. ● The Mariner's astrolabe. ● The Passarola, the first known airship. ● The Pyreliophorus. ● Tempura. Economic During the Spanish colonial period, the economy was The Portuguese colonists adopted an economy basedHow did the trading posts and/or colonies contribute to this empire’s economic development? based on exploitation, both of land and of Native American labor. The first Spanish settlers organized the encomienda system by which Spaniards were given title to American land and ownership of the villages on that land. on the production of agricultural goods that were exported to Europe. Sugar became by far the most important Brazilian colonial product until the early 18th century, when gold and other minerals assumed a higher importance. Social What social changes were brought by the establishment of their trading posts and/or colonies? The highly-developed(advanced technology) culture, new language(the Spanish), religion(Christianity) and institutions of Europe were introduced into Mexico. Spain opened up trade with other countries, and made profits. Portuguese mariners built the earliest trading -post empire. They did not want to conquer territories, but to control trade routes by forcing merchant vessels to call at fortified t [Show More]

Last updated: 1 year ago

Preview 1 out of 10 pages