NR 507 FINAL EXAM REVIEW GRADED A

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NR 507 FINAL EXAM REVIEW Peripheral vascular disease: PATHOPHYSIOLOGY OF DEEP VEIN THROMBOSIS: Deep venous thrombosis (DVT) is clotting of blood in a deep vein of an extremity (usually calf or... thigh) or the pelvis. DVT is the primary cause of pulmonary embolism. DVT results from conditions that impair venous return, lead to endothelial injury or dysfunction, or cause hypercoagulability. Lower extremity DVT most often results from impaired venous return (eg, in immobilized patients), endothelial injury or dysfunction (eg, after leg fractures), hypercoagulability Upper extremity DVT occasionally occurs as part of superior vena cava (SVC) syndrome or results from a hypercoagulable state or subclavian vein compression at the thoracic outlet. The compression may be due to a normal or an accessory first rib or fibrous band (thoracic outlet syndrome) or occur during strenuous arm activity (effort thrombosis, or Paget-Schroetter syndrome, which accounts for 1 to 4% of upper extremity DVT cases). [Show More]

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