NR 503 Week 3 Discussion in Current Events

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NR 503 Week 3 Discussion in Current Events This week we will explore current events related to epidemiology. You will present a scientific article to the class. Please focus on interpreting the... research question, methodology, results, and conclusions from a sample of peer-reviewed scientific literature. Please be sure the article is related to epidemiology, summarizing its contents for the class, and providing a succinct written summary. Current events must have been published within the last six months. Written summaries should include: ● State the objectives of the study ● Summarize the study design and findings ● Provide a reference of the article ● Provide your opinion on how the "average" reader will respond to the article. Will the article influence decision making or thinking? Does the article leave out any important information? Dr. Costello and class, Cervical cancer remains a common cancer in women and occurs in about 13,000 women each year in the United States. While prevention and screening tools have significantly helped decline the incidence of cervical cancer and mortality in the Western countries, cervical cancer is still a deadly disease for other developing countries with minimal screening programs (Madzima, Vahabi, & Lofters, 2017). Almost all cervical cancers are caused by the human papillomavirus (HPV). Early detection through cytology (Pap smears) or HPV testing, as well as vaccinations against HPVs, are effective preventative measures. In the BMC Cancer article, Tranberg et al. (2018) conducted a study to evaluate the participation rates on women who received direct mailing of HPV self test-kits. The purpose of the study was to see if self-sampling kits would increase screening participation in Danish women aged 30-64 years old. Tranberg et al. (2018) discussed common barriers to cervical cancer screening, such as pelvic examination discomfort and inconvenient appointment times. As a counter, the study’s objectives were to test whether women would participate in cervical cancer screening if a HPV self-kit was delivered to their house. Sending a home-based cervico-vaginal sampling for HPV testing has potential to improve participation. The study also explored the option of offering opt- in self-sampling, where women can actively order a kit by phone or picking it up at the pharmacy. The study design was a randomized controlled trial with a total of 9327 Danish women aged 30- 64. A web-based computer randomization was used to assign women to three groups of the trial. One group would receive the self-kit, which provided instructions on how to attain a sample and send to the appropriate site. The opt-in group received an invitation to order the HPV kit by e-mail, text message, or phone. The control group received a reminder that informed them about the current test opportunity. Women with a positive self-sample test result were advised to visit a gynecologist for further testing. The findings showed that there was a higher participation from women in the directly mailed group than the opt-in group and control group. The participation from the opt-in group was higher than the control group as well. However, in all three groups, the participation rate was lowest for women aged 50-64 years old. [Show More]

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