CHEMISTRY 102 Answers to critical thinking Questions for Chemistry A Guided inquiry 5th edition 2011, 2022 review Graded A+

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Answers to Critical Thinking Questions for CHEMISTRY A Guided Inquiry Fifth Edition, 2011 Richard S. Moog Franklin & Marshall College John J. Farrell Franklin & Marshall College Latest Update... : May 12, 2022 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.2 Answers to Critical Thinking Questions Please do not give these answers to students. ChemActivity 1 1. 6, 6, 6 2. 6, 7, 7 3. 6, 6, 7 Quite often, the answers given here are less detailed than what is expected for a student’s answer. 4. All carbon atoms and ions have six protons in the nucleus. 5. All hydrogen atoms and ions have one proton in the nucleus. 6. Z is the number of protons in the nucleus of that atom. 7. Twenty-eight protons in the nucleus. 8. a) Because there are six protons and 7 electrons, so there is a net charge of -1. b) In an ion the number of protons and electrons are not equal. c) The charge on an ion = # of protons – # of electrons. 9. Because every H atom and ion must have one proton, the number of protons is 1. The number of neutrons is zero, analogous to 1H and 1H-. The number of electrons is zero because the charge is 1+ and there has to be one proton. 10. Different isotopes on a particular element have differing numbers of neutrons in the nucleus (but the same number of protons). 11. The mass number (A) is the sum of the number of protons and the number of neutrons in the nucleus. 12. The O atom has 8 protons and 8 neutrons in its nucleus; hence, the mass number is 16. The O atom has 8 protons and 10 electrons; hence the charge on the ion is 2–. The Na atom has 11 protons and 12 neutrons; hence, the mass number is 23. The Na atom has 11 protons and 10 electrons; hence the charge on the ion is 1+. 13. Most of the mass is in the nucleus—where the protons and neutrons are. Note that the difference in mass between a 13C and a 13C– atom (which differ by only one electron) is only 0.0005 amu. ChemActivity 2 1. 3 2. All isotopes of magnesium have twelve protons in the nucleus. The three isotopes of magnesium have 12, 13, and 14 neutrons in the nucleus. 3. 12.0000 amu 4. a) 1200.00 amu; b) 1300.34 amu3 5. Slightly more than 1200.00 amu because 1200 amu would be the minimum and there should be, on average, 1.11 13C atoms among the 100 total atoms. 6. None 7. You must know the total number of marbles to use the first method. Therefore, the second method must be used in this case. 8. a) 0.7577 34.9689 amu + 0.2423 36.9659 amu = 35.45 amu. b) Zero. 9. a) 35.45 amu. b) 5.887 x 10–23 g 10. 6.022 x 1023 atoms x 5.887 x 10-23 g/atom = 35.45 g 11. a) 24.31 amu. b) 4.037 x 1023 g 12. 6.022 x 1023 atoms x 4.037 x 10-23 g/atom = 24.31 g 13. a) It is the same number. b) It is the same number. 14. a) It is the same number. b) It is the same number. 15. 12.001 is a) the average mass in amu of one C atom and b) the mass in grams of 6.022 x 1023 C atoms. 16. Zero %. 17. a) 12. b) They have the same n [Show More]

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