Exam (elaborations) NURS FUNDAMENTALS : Care of Patients with Common Environmental Emergencies.

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Exam (elaborations) NURS FUNDAMENTALS : Care of Patients with Common Environmental Emergencies.MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. While the nurse is visiting the community pool, an adult swimmer is pulled out of the... pool, unconscious and cyanotic. What is the priority action of the nurse? a. Begin chest compressions. b. Move from the pool area. c. Give two rescue breaths. d. Check for a carotid pulse. ANS: C 2. The nurse working at a first aid booth during a summer marathon sees several runners. Which runner should be seen first? A runner who: a. Has fallen several times b. Is fatigued c. Thinks he has the flu d. Has tachypnea ANS: A 3. The nurse is working at a first aid booth for a spring training game on a hot day. A spectator comes in, reporting that he is not feeling well. Vital signs are temperature 104.1° F (40.1° C), pulse 132 beats/min, respirations 26 breaths/min, and blood pressure 106/66 mm Hg. He trips over his feet as the nurse leads him to a cot. What is the priority action of the nurse? a. Encourage drinking of cool water or sports drinks. b. Sponge the victim with cool water and remove his shirt. c. Administer Tylenol (acetaminophen), 650 mg orally. d. Encourage rest, and reassess in 15 minutes. ANS: B 4. The emergency department nurse assesses a client in extreme pain with an apparent snakebite of the leg. Vital signs are stable. What is the priority action of the nurse? a. Call the regional poison control center. b. Administer IV pain medication. c. Place a tourniquet around the leg. d. Apply an immobilization splint. ANS: D 5. The nurse is teaching a wilderness survival class. Which statement by a participant indicates that additional teaching is needed? a. “If I get too cold, I can have some brandy to help me get warmed up.” b. “My climbing partner should let me know right away if my nose turns white.” c. “If my partner can’t think straight, we should descend to a lower altitude.” d. “It is okay to feel a little short of breath when I am climbing, but not at rest.” ANS: A Alcohol will increase the risk of cold-related injuries and should be avoided. The other options all show good understanding of the education. 6. A community nurse assesses a client, who has an allergy to bees, after a bee sting. The client’s lips are swollen, and wheezes are audible. What is the priority action of the nurse? a. Elevate the site and notify the client’s next of kin. b. Remove the stinger with tweezers and encourage rest. c. Administer diphenhydramine (Benadryl) and apply ice. d. Administer an EpiPen from the first aid kit and call 911. ANS: D 7. While on a camping trip, the nurse provides care for a camper who was bitten by a black widow spider. What is the priority action of the nurse? a. Apply ice to the site of the bite. b. Apply a loose tourniquet to the limb. c. Give acetaminophen (Tylenol) for pain. d. Cover the camper with a warm blanket. ANS: A 8. A client presents to the emergency department after prolonged exposure to the cold. The client is shivering, has slurred speech, and is slow to respond to questions. Which treatment will the nurse prepare for this client? a. Dry clothing and warm blankets b. Administration of warmed IV fluids c. Peritoneal lavage with warmed normal saline d. Continuous arteriovenous rewarming ANS: A 9. The emergency department nurse assesses a middle-aged mountain climber who reports headache, nausea, vomiting, and “feeling winded.” What is the nurse’s priority intervention? a. Administer acetazolamide (Diamox). b. Administer prochlorperazine (Compazine). c. Perform a neurologic assessment. d. Assess for bowel sounds. ANS: A 10. A nurse is at the scene of a lightning strike during a thunderstorm. Which is the priority action of the nurse? a. Make sure that victims are not electrically charged. b. Assess victims for second- and third-degree burns. c. Start emergency resuscitation on anyone not breathing. d. Move victims and first aid responders to a sheltered area. ANS: D 11. On a hot, humid day, several clients present to the emergency department with symptoms of heat exposure. Which client will be treated first? A client who: a. Has normal mental status and flu-like symptoms b. Is diaphoretic with nausea and vomiting c. Is hypotensive and tachycardic d. Is anxious and confused ANS: D 12. The nurse is teaching a community health class about water safety. Which statement by a participant indicates that additional teaching is needed? a. “I can go swimming all by myself because I am a certified lifeguard.” b. “I cannot leave my toddler alone in the bathtub for even a minute.” c. “I will appoint one adult to supervise the pool at all times during a party.” d. “I will make sure that there is a phone near my pool in case of an emergency.” ANS: A 13. The nurse is assessing a client recently bitten by a coral snake. Which assessment is the priority? a. Peripheral edema and swelling b. Evaluation of clotting times c. Respiratory rate and depth d. Electrocardiogram rhythm ANS: C [Show More]

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