HESI Anatomy and Physiology, Questions and accurate answers. 100% approved pass rate.

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HESI Anatomy and Physiology, Questions and accurate answers. 100% approved pass rate. What mineral is responsible for muscle contractoins? A. Chlorde B. Sodium C. Calcium D. Magnesium - D. Calc... ium The answer is calcium because in order for muscle contractions to occur, calcium ions are released from the sarcoplasmic reticulum which binds to the inhibitory protein, troponin, causing it to move away from the myosin binding spots on actin. Once the binding spots are open, the myosin head can attach to the ATP binding site and cause the muscle contraction cycle. In which of the following locations would the urinary bladder and internal reproductive organs be found? A. Thoracic Cavity B. Mediastinum C. Abdominal Cavity D. Pelvic Cavity - D. Pelvic Cavity The answer is pelvic cavity because this part of the body contains primarily reproductive organs: urinary bladder, pelvic colon, and rectum. Thoracic cavity contains the cardiovascular system, respiratory system, and digestive system. The mediastinum contains all the chest organs except the lungs. What separates the thoracic cavity from the abdominal cavity? A. DiaphragmB. Mediastinum C. Liver D. Lungs - A. Diaphragm The diaphgram is the muscle that separates the thoracic cavity and the abdominal cavity. This also assists in respiration. Which of the following epithelial types is correctly matched with its major function? A. Simple squamous epithelium - secretion or absorption B. Stratified squamous epithelium - changes shape when stretched C. Stratified squamous epithelium - diffusion D. Simple columnar epithelium - secretion or absorption - D. Simple columnar epithelium - secretion or absorption The answer is simple columnar epithelium. Simple columnar epithelium specializes in secretion and absorption. It secretes mucus from it's goblet cells and absorbs with it's microvilli on the apical surface. Simple squamous epithelium is a cell that has a thin and flat surface. Simple squamous epithelium specializes in filtration or diffusion due to it's thin surface. Stratified squamous epithelium is squamous epithelium that are stacked upon each other many times. The function of this type of cell is to withstand abrasion with it's many layers and is the first line of defense against microbes. Transitional epithelium is a type of tissue that can stretch and maintain protective lining while capable of holding fluid without rupturing. You can mostly find these in urinary organs like the urinary bladder. A tissue examined under the microscope exhibits the following characteristics: cells found on internal surface of stomach, no extracellular matrix, cells tall and thin, no blood vessels in the tissue. What type of tissue is this? A. Epithelial B. Connective C. Muscle D. Cartilage E. Nervous - A. EpithelialThe answer is epithelial because epithelial tissue are avascular and possess no extracellular matrix. Tall and thin refers to the nonciliated simple columnar epithelium type of tissue that lines the gastrointestinal tract (stomach to anus) and secretes mucus to prevent the destruction of the stomach lining by acidic secretions from the stomach. Connective tissues have cells, extracellular matrix, and are highly vascularized. Muscle tissues contain fibers that help mantain posture, provide motion, and produce heat. Cartilage tissue contains no blood supply and no nerves. Nervous tissue contain two types of cells: neurons and neuroglia. Nerve tissue is composed of neurons and connective tissue cells that are referred to as which of the following? A. Osteoblasts B. Neuroglia C. Osteocytes D. Arterioles - B. Neuroglia The answer is neuroglia because nervous tissue are composed of neurons and neuroglia. The function of neurons is to carry sensory and motor information and perform integrative functions. The function of neuroglia is to protect and support neurons. Osteoblasts are cells within bones that are bone-building cells that secrete extracellular matrix. Osteocytes are primary cells of bone tissue that maintain it's daily metabolism such as exchange of nutrients and wastes in blood. Arterioles are smaller versions of arteries.Which tissue serves as the framework of the body by providing support and structure for the organs? A. Epithelial B. Connective C. Nervous D. Muscle - B. Connective The bone from the connective tissue support and serves as the framework of the body. Epithelial tissue are tissues that make up the skin and serves as the first line of defense for the tissue underneath the skin. It does this by providing protection from radiation, invasion of pathogens and physical trauma. Nervous tissue reacts to stimuli and conducts impulses to various organs in the body which bring about a response to the stimuli. Muscle tissue provides the body posture and support, movement, and heat production. What is the basic unit of life and the building block of tissues and organs? A. Atom B. Organelle C. Cell D. DNA - C. Cell Cells are the building blocks of life that reside in all living things. Atoms are the smallest unit of matter that retain the properties of it's given element. Organelles are tiny organs within each cell that has a specific purpose and function. For example, nucleas, lysosomes, and vacuoles are organelles of a cell.DNA is the carrier of genetic information. Which type of cell division takes place in the gonads? A. Mitosis B. Meiosis C. Binary fission D. Asexual division - B. Meiosis In what area of the body would you expect to find an especially thick stratum corneum? A. Back of the hand B. Heel of the foot C. Abdomen D. Over the shin - D. Heel of the foot The stratum corneum is the outermost layer of the epidermis that is comprised of dead keratinocytes. This layer takes the most amount of abrasion from outside forces and the heel of the foot is something that is constantly taking physical force from constant walking. The heel of the foot needs a thick stratum corneum to counteract the continuous wear and tear. [Show More]

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