Med Surge Final Exam

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Med Surge Final Exam 1…. A nurse is reviewing the laboratory data of a client who has acute pancreatts. The nurse should expect to fnd an elevaton of which of following values? Amylase Ratonal ... Amylase is an enzyme that changes complex sugars into simple sugars that can be used by the body. It is produced by the pancreas and salivary glands and released into the mouth, stomach, and intestnes to aid in digeston. The amylase level of a client who has acute pancreatts usually increases within 12 to 24 hr and can remain elevated for 2 to 3 days. 2…. A nurse in a clinic is interviewing a client who has a possible diagnosis of endometriosis. Which of the following fndings in the client's history should the nurse recognize as consistent with a diagnosis of endometriosis? Dysmenorrhea that is unresponsive to NSAIDs. Ratonal Endometriosis is a conditon in which the type of tssue that lines the uterus implants in locatons outside the uterus. This typically causes pelvic pain around the tme of the menstrual period but can cause pain at other tmes in the cycle. The discomfort is ofen unrelieved by the use of NSAIDs. 3…. A rehabilitaton nurse is caring for a client who has had a spinal cord injury that resulted in paraplegia. Afer a week on the unit, the nurse notes that the client is withdrawn and increasingly resistant to rehabilitatve efforts by the staff. Which of the following actons should the nurse take? Establish a plan of care with the client that sets atainable goals. Ratonal The nurse should develop a plan of care for this client with mutually set goals. This acton invests the client in the rehabilitaton process, which encourages feelings of ownership for it, and sees the goals as more atainable4….A nurse in a burn treatment center is caring for a client who is admited with severe burns to both lower extremites and is scheduled for an escharotomy. The client's spouse asks the nurse what the procedure entails. Which of the following nursing statements is appropriate? Large incisions will be made in the eschar to improve circulaton. Ratonal An escharotomy is a surgical incision made to release pressure and improve circulaton in a part of the body that has a deep burn and is experiencing excessive swelling. Burn injuries that encircle a body part, such as an arm or the chest, can cause swelling and tghtness in the affected area, resultng in reduced circulaton. Making surgical incisions into the burned tssue allows the skin to expand, reduces tghtness and pressure, and improves circulaton. 5….A nurse is caring for a client who has suspected cholecystts. The nurse should expect the client's urine to appear which of the following colors? Dark and foamy Ratonal The nurse should expect the client to have dark and foamy urine, which indicates the kidneys are fltering excess bilirubin from the blood. 6….A nurse is caring for an older adult client who has rheumatoid arthrits (RA) and is taking aspirin 650 mg every 4 hours. Which of the following diagnostc tests should the nurse monitor to evaluate the effectveness of this medicaton? Erythrocyte sedimentaton rate (ESR) Ratonal Rheumatoid arthrits is a chronic inflammatory disease. ESR is useful in detectng and monitoring tssue inflammaton in clients with RA. As the disease improves the ESR decreases. 7….A nurse is providing dietary teaching to a client who has a history of recurring calcium oxalate kidney stones. Which of the following instructons should the nurse include in the teaching? Drink 3 L of fluid every day.Ratonal The nurse should instruct the client to drink at least 3 to 4 L of fluid every day to dilute the urine and reduce the risk for stone formaton. 8….A nurse is assessing a client who has disseminated intravascular coagulaton (DIC). Which of the following fndings should the nurse expect? Excessive thrombosis and bleeding Ratonal The nurse should expect excessive thrombosis and bleeding of mucous membranes because both DIC impairs both coagulaton and antcoagulaton pathways. 9….A nurse is caring for a middle adult client who has just received the diagnosis of endometrial cancer. In taking a nursing history, which of the following manifestatons is likely to be reported by this client? Postmenopausal bleeding Ratonal Endometrial cancer involves cancerous growth of the endometrium (lining of the uterus). The most common manifestaton of endometrial cancer is abnormal uterine bleeding, including postmenopausal bleeding and bleeding between normal periods in premenopausal women. 10…A nurse is giving a presentaton to a community group about preventng atherosclerosis. Which of the following should the nurse include as a modifable risk factor for this disorder? (Select all that apply.) Hypercholesterolemia Hypertension Obesity Smoking 11…A nurse is admitng a client who has actve tuberculosis to a room on a medical-surgical unit. Which of the following room assignments should the nurse make for the client? A room with air exhaust directly to the outdoor environment [Show More]

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