NCLEX practice questions and answers

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What is diphenhydramine?what is it used for. what is a side effects - ANSWER Benadryl Allergies/allergic reaction urinary retention When does the posterior fontanelle close? Anterior? - ANSWER po... sterior 2-3 months 12-18 months milestones for 6 month old baby - ANSWER -sitting up -turn from back to stomach -able o lift head and chest off floor with support when does the pincer grasp appear - ANSWER 9 months thumb and index finger for picking up objects characteristics behavior of acute manic episode - ANSWER -agitation -grandiose delusions -euphoria/intense excitement or happiness -concentration problems normal respiratory range for infant - ANSWER 25-55 define apnea - ANSWER cessation of breathing for at-least 20 seconds normal heart rate range for infants not fetal HR - ANSWER 80-150 what is the main concern for clients undergoing cancer treatment - ANSWER infection and exposure to infection. treatments should be clustered to decrease exposure why should clients rinse mouth after the use of steroids - ANSWER rinsing the mouth removes residual medication from the throat and mouth preventing absorption and also prevent oral candidiasis/thrush (the fungus, candida accumulates in the mouth) associated with steroid use. Describe the 1 hour glucose tolerance test - ANSWER -used to assess for possible gestation diabetes -provided btwn 24-28 weekes of gestation -the client should be advised to eat and drink normally until 8 hours before the test -the client will drink a glucose solution and have BG drawn 1 hour later -if the BG is greater then 140 the client will be referred to a 3 hour oral OGTT/oral glucose tolerence test for further evaluation. what should the nurse educate a male client about regarding the screening time for colorectal cancer. - ANSWER clients who are 45 years of age or older should have a colonoscopy every 10 years. what are the diet restriction for an individual with kidney disease - ANSWER clients are instructed to eat low protein diet rt uric acid production, limit intake of sodium, potassium, and phosphorus rt the kidneys inability to filter it out of the blood foods high in potassium include oranges,bannanas, and orange juice define adhesion - ANSWER a band of scar tissue that forms between organs after a surgical procedure. Define evisceration - ANSWER Protrusion of abdominal contents through a dehiscence or surgical incision. What is atenolol? and what are the nursing action before the administration of this drug. - ANSWER -beta-blocker used to treat high BP -before the administration of any BP med the nurse should check the BP and pulse What is milieu therapy? - ANSWER Psycho therapy in which a patient's social environment is controlled and manipulated to prevent self destructive behaviors -clients are encouraged to take responsibility for task and to participate in activities. what type of precaution is MRSA - ANSWER -MRSA is a contact precaution -you must wear a gown and gloves when entering the room -nurses must wear a face shield when irrigating the wound -you must wash your hands or sanitize before and after leaving the room What is phenylketonuria? what are the nursing intervention? - ANSWER PKU is phenylalanine in the urine. this occurs when the client lacks the enzyme necessary to convert phenylalanine to tyrosine. client diagnosed with PKU are fed formula low in phenylalanine but contains the necessary minerals and vitamins required for the client. how should the nurse go about drawing blood during a heparin infusion - ANSWER -do not draw blood from the same arm of the infusion -stop the infusion before drawing blood how should a client with left sided weakness walk with a cane - ANSWER -the client hold the cane in the right hand -the client moves the cane forward -the client moves the left leg forward until even with the cane -the client moves the right leg forward -then the left leg forward -the client repeats - why might a client get a false positive o a tuberculin skin test - ANSWER -receiving a bacille calmette-guerin vaccine which prevents against developing TB. what is fluoxetine and some nursing considerations - ANSWER -fluoxetine is a ssri -it takes about 4 weeks to work -clients are at higher risk fo suicide early on in the tx. what effect does stress have on the immune system and sugar levels - ANSWER -stress can cause insulin resistance therfore increased glucose levels -can cause suppression of immune system -can cause cancer what is the trigiminal nerve . what condition effects this nerve - ANSWER -controls feeling and sensation of the face. -provides the motor and sensory fibers to the face and jaw. -nerve 5 (v) -trigiminal nurlgia.tx cabamazipine/used to treat seizures but also neurpathic pain. what are the s/s of hepatitis A amongst pediatrics what are the s/s of hepatitis A - ANSWER -flu like s/s: fever,malase,anorexia -most chidren under the age of 6 do not experience any symptoms at all. -s/s:clay colored stools -hep A vaccine is recommeded for all clients beginning 1 year of age, 2 dose 6 months apart. what are the characteristics of malignant melanoma? - ANSWER -irregular shape lesions -may also be pigminted with red,white,or blue color how do you treat stable and unstable tackycardia - ANSWER -stable tackycardia: meds such as amiodarone,sotalol, or procainamide are given first. if ineffective sacranozed cardioversion is prescribed -unstable: if the client does not have a pulse, displays chest pain,decline is conciousness .cpr is performed and defibrillation is performed. defibrillation is an electric pule that restores a mormal heart beat or can help the heart beat again. what is phenlizine and some nursing considerations - ANSWER -phenlizine is a maoi -clients on MAOI's should stay away from from tyramine -excessive tyramine elvates BP and can cause a HPTN crisis Sacrum Anterior (LSA) means - ANSWER Sacrum Anterior (LSA) means the fetal sacrum is closest to the mother's symphysis and rotated slightly to the mother's left what is the normal serum magnesium level - ANSWER 1.3-2.1 -hypo s/s: neuromuscular irritability, rmors, tetany, seizures, can result in cardiac arrest [Show More]

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