CHAPTER 10: SAFE NEIGHBORHOODS AND COMMUNITIES FROM TRAFFIC PROBLEMS TO CRIME. All Answers

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1. The Community Policing Consortium is a. an online “chat room” for law enforcement officers involved in community policing. b. an evaluation board of retired law enforcement administrato... rs who assess the effectiveness of various community policing efforts throughout the nation. c. a partnership of five police organizations that provides training in community policing to agencies throughout the United States. d. an internship program that partners police academy cadets with active-duty community policing officers. 2. To implement the Violent Crime Control and Law Enforcement Act of 1994, then Attorney General Janet Reno created the a. Office of Community Oriented Policing Services (COPS). b. Weed and Seed program. c. Community Policing Consortium. d. Bureau of Proactive Policing. 3. “The simultaneous actions of separate entities which together have greater total effect than the sum of their individual efforts” is the technical definition of a. infrastructure. b. synergism. c. target hardening. d. paradigm. 4. According to the text, the Weed and Seed program sought to a. provide funding for low income families. b. identify, arrest, and prosecute offenders. c. weed out low income troublemakers. d. seed communities with new housing. 5. The Combat Auto Theft (CAT) program allows the police to stop any car marked with a special decal a. between 8 P.M. and midnight. b. between 1 A.M. and 5 A.M. c. between 7 P.M. and 7 A.M. on the weekends. d. anytime, any day of the week. 6. All of the following are strategies to limit liability should a witness be harmed except: a. Promising only those security services that can reasonably be provided b. Documenting all offers of assistance and all efforts to protect witnesses c. Making sure the city attorney is involved in the process d. Taking reports of intimidation seriously and engaging in the defined process for protecting witnesses 7. Which of the following is not one of the main devices used for target hardening? a. Security cameras b. Improved locks c. Alarm systems d. Paint scheme 8. Traffic concerns include a. speeding in residential areas. b. red light running. c. nonuse of seatbelts. d. All of the above 9. According to the text, in 2010, 31% of traffic fatalities were caused by a. speeding. b. cellular phone usage. c. drunk driving. d. seat belt usage. 10. Strategies used to encourage seat belt use vary from incentives for safe driving to mandatory-use policies and fines for failure to buckle up. _____________, an annual nationwide, high-visibility seat belt enforcement program, is an example of the latter. a. Belt UP b. Buckle UP c. Click It or Ticket d. None of the above 11. Enforcement responses to reduce speeding include all of the following except: a. Increasing speed limits b. Enforcing speeding laws c. Use of photo radar d. Using speed display boards 12. According to the text, as of August 2005, all 50 states require that the BAC of drivers be less than a. 1.0 b. .08 c. .05 d. .80 13. According to the text, victims of ATM robberies a. are usually robbed between midnight and 4 A.M. b. are usually robbed by two or more offenders. c. are usually robbed by an unarmed offender. d. that are robbed are usually drive-through ATMs. 14. Some of the unintended consequences of video surveillance are a. displacement. b. increased suspicion. c. increased reported crime. d. All of the above 15. When offenders change the location of their crimes is called a. crime movement. b. criminal relocation. c. displacement. d. dissassociation. 16. A community may be concerned about street prostitution for a number of reasons, including a. moral concerns. b. civil rights concerns. c. spillover effect concerns. d. All of the above 17. Which of the following is not a factor that contributes to aggression and violence in bars? a. Drinking of alcohol b. High proportion of young female c. Aggressiveness of bouncers d. Refusal of service to intoxicated patrons strangers 18. Which of the following is an effective program to deter thefts of or from vehicles? a. Improving surveillance at lot entrances/exits b. Warning offenders c. Conducting lock-your-car campaigns d. Using “bolt on” security devices 19. The Fourth Amendment protects _______________ when discussing video surveillance. a. people not places b. places c. law enforcement in public d. governments 20. The National Highway Traffic Safety Administration reported that speeding was a contributing factor in what percentage of fatal crashes? a. 10 b. 15 c. 27 d. 32 21. The Governors Highway Safety Association, in a 2012 report Speeding and Aggressive Driving, makes recommendations that include a. aggressive driving enforcement. b. targeted enforcement. c. promote best practices in automated enforcement strategies. d. All of the above 22. According to the text, the Insurance Institute for Highway Safety reported in 2009 that _______________ killed 676 people and injured 113,000. a. drunk driving b. driving too slow c. red-light running d. speeding 23. Eck suggests that _______________ blocking changes to make crime more difficult, riskier, less rewarding or less excusable is one of the oldest forms of crime prevention. a. place b. opportunity c. diffusion d. contagion 24. Using advanced technology to fight crime includes using a. red-light cameras. b. passive alcohol sensors. c. ignition interlocks. d. All of the above 25. Many factors contribute to aggression and violence in bars. Which of the following is not a factor to consider? a. Type of establishment b. Opening time c. Aggressive bouncers d. Price discounting of drinks 26. One way to address the problem of crimes against businesses is to develop a. stakeholders. b. community programs. c. police–business partnerships. d. specialized police. 27. Which of the following is not one of the recommendations for dealing with the mentally ill? a. Using less lethal weapons b. Deploying specialized police officers c. Deploying specialized nonpolice responders d. All of the above 28. Norfolk, Virginia, cut homicides by more than 10% and reduced overall crime rates citywide by 26% and in some neighborhoods by as much as 40%. A good share of the credit goes to what crime prevention program? a. PACE b. NEAT c. FAST d. NCPC 29. The benefit of diffusion is a. crime is spread across a greater area. b. criminal profits are reduced. c. when one type of criminal activity is blocked, other types of criminal activity are also reduced. d. criminal behaviors become more open to detection. 30. Community policing at the local level frequently requires _______ to get them started or keep them going. a. federal funding b. local voter bonds c. private funding sources d. All of the above 31. What percentage of the nation’s population is served by law enforcement agencies practicing community policing? a. 56% b. 72% c. 91% d. 81% 32. Target hardening is a major component of CPTED. a. True b. False 33. Crime prevention is a cornerstone of community policing. a. True b. False 34. The Community Policing Consortium is funded and administered by the IACP. a. True b. False 35. Community policing and crime prevention are the same program. a. True b. False 36. CPTED has been a strategy for dealing with crime for decades with some proven success. a. True b. False 37. Those who participate in the CAT program waive their rights against search and seizure protection. a. True b. False 38. Driving under the influence of drugs is not considered a form of impaired driving. a. True b. False 39. Three federal initiatives to assist communities in implementing community policing are the COPS Office, the Community Policing Consortium, and the Weed and Seed program. a. True b. False 40. As stated in the text, achieving statistically significant reductions in crime can be difficult. a. True b. False 41. According to the text, diffusion and contagion are key factors in the risk factor prevention paradigm. a. True b. False 42. For a growing number of cities across the United States, violent crime is accelerating at an alarming pace. a. True b. False 43. Traffic-related issues continue to top the Remember of citizens’ complaints against police. a. True b. False 44. Crime prevention is a large part, in fact a cornerstone, of community policing. a. True b. False 45. Among the unintended consequences of video surveillance are displacement, increased suspicion or fear of crime, and reduction of reported crime. a. True b. False 46. Target hardening refers to making potential objectives of criminals more difficult to obtain. a. True b. False 47. Many police departments furnish citizens with information on how to prevent auto theft. Information may be provided in the form of pamphlets, newspaper stories, public service announcements on television, or speeches made to civic organizations. a. True b. False 48. Human trafficking always involves interstate transportation of victims, and federal law enforcement agencies are always involved. a. True b. False 49. The Community Crime Patrol puts two-person, radio-equipped teams of observers into the neighborhoods near the campus during potential high-crime hours. a. True b. False 50. The risk factor prevention paradigm seeks to Remember risk factors and prevention methods. a. True b. False 51. The Center for Problem-Oriented Policing is a valuable resource for communities engaged in problem solving. a. True b. False 52. In public housing areas, pedestrian traffic is not a key factor in reducing burglaries. a. True b. False 53. Construction site burglary has been recognized as a significant problem in the United States. a. True b. False 54. The Office of Community Oriented Policing Services (COPS) is located within the Department of ________________. 55. ________________ Remembers a wide range of road design changes that make it more difficult for a vehicle to speed. 56. The ________________ seeks to Remember, arrest and prosecute offenders while simultaneously working with citizens to improve quality of life. 57. As the text states, ________________ of prevention benefits occurs when criminals believe that the opportunity blocking of one type of criminal activity is also aimed at other types of criminal activity. 58. ________________ is changes to make crime more difficult, risky, less regarding or less excusable and is one of the oldest forms of crime prevention. 59. Focusing only on those living around at-risk places rather than an entire neighborhood is called ________________. 60. ________________ are variables that predict an increased probability of a person later committing an offense. 61. ________________ is an organization that provides training materials that emphasize community policing from a local perspective, community partnerships, problem solving, strategic planning, and assessment. 62. ________________ refers to making potential objectives of criminals more difficult to obtain. 63. ________________ occurs when individuals channel their energies toward a common purpose and accomplish what they could not accomplish alone. 64. ________________ is one of the most common violent crime on American college campuses. 65. The two main messages of anti–car theft programs are to not leave _____________ in the car ignition and to ___________ the car. 66. Most ATM robberies are committed by __________________ using a weapon. 67. An effective strategy to prevent witness intimidation usually requires __________. [Show More]

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