Sociology Final Exam QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS| VERIFIED

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Sociology Final Exam QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS| VERIFIED Sociological imagination Correct Answer: C. Wright Mills- the ability to see the connection between the larger world and your perso... nal life Conflict Perspective Correct Answer: people who employ this perspective focus on the forces in society that promote competition and change. Functionalist perspective Correct Answer: people who use this perspective view society as a set of interrelated parts that work together to produce a stable social system. Interactionist perspective Correct Answer: people who employ this perspective focus on how individuals interact with one another in society; interested in the ways in which individuals respond to one another in everyday situations. Sociology Correct Answer: the social science that studies human society and social behavior of groups of people, not individuals. Psychology Correct Answer: the social science that deals with the behavior and thinking of organisms Social Darwinism Correct Answer: Herbert Spencer- applied Darwin's theory of "survival of the fittest" to social change and unrest. He believed that only the fittest societies would survive over time, leading to a general upgrading of society as a whole. Functions Correct Answer: the consequence that an element of society produces for the maintenance of its social systems. Ideal types Correct Answer: a description comprised of the essential characteristics of a future of society. Social sciences Correct Answer: related disciplines that study various aspects of human social behavior. Emile Durkheim Correct Answer: Saw society as a set of independent parts that maintain the system throughout time, and viewed these independent parts in terms of their functions. Also, he wrote a book on how geographical area and events can trigger suicide. Symbolic interaction Correct Answer: interaction between people that takes place through the use of symbols Social Statistics Correct Answer: Auguste Comte- states that certain processes hold society together. Social psychology Correct Answer: study of how an individual's behavior and personality are affected by the social enviornment Social phenomena Correct Answer: study of how an individuals behavior and personality are affected by the social environment Theoretical perspective Correct Answer: a general set of assumptions about the nature of things Manifest functions Correct Answer: the intended and recognized consequence of some element of society. Sociological perspective Correct Answer: the viewing of the behavior of a group in a systematic way. Cultural relativism Correct Answer: belief that cultures should be judged by their own standards Material culture Correct Answer: the physical objects that people create and use Ethnocentrism Correct Answer: tendency to view one's own culture or group as superior to all other cultures and groups Margaret Med Correct Answer: conducted a now-class study of cultural variations. The purpose was to determine whether differences in basic temperament (fundamental emotional dispersion of a person) result mainly from inherited characteristics or from cultural influences. Folkways Correct Answer: norms that describe socially acceptable behavior but do not have great moral significance attached to them Mores Correct Answer: norms that have great moral significance attached to them Cultural universals Correct Answer: common features that are found in all human culture Theory Correct Answer: an explanation of the relationships among particular phenomena. Latent function Correct Answer: is the unintended and unrecognized consequence of an element of society Symbol Correct Answer: anything that represents something else and has a shared meaning attached to it. (ex. Language, gestures, images) Subcultures Correct Answer: a group with its own unique values, norms and behaviors that exist within a larger culture Countercultures Correct Answer: group that rejects the values, norms and practices of the larger society and replace them with a new set of culture patterns Society Correct Answer: a group of mutually interdependent people who have organized in such a way as to share a common culture and have a feeling of unity Technology Correct Answer: knowledge and tools people use for practical purposes Norms Correct Answer: shared rules or conduct that tell people how to act in specific situations Culture Pattern Correct Answer: culture complexes combine to form larger levels called _____. this is the combination of a number of culture complexes into an interrelated whole Culture Complex Correct Answer: individual culture traits combine to form _____. this is a cluster of interrelated culture traits Self-fulfillment Correct Answer: commitment to the full development of one's personality, talents and potential Narcissism Correct Answer: a personality disorder which is characterized by its extreme self-centeredness Negative Sanctions Correct Answer: a punishment or threat of punishment used to enforce conformity. used to discourage undesired behavior. Vested Interest Correct Answer: a person who is satisfied with the way things are now. they do not want change, even if the present is imperfect, because they view it as being better than an unknown future. [Show More]

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