NR 507 Final With 5 stars rating and all the correct answers

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Innate Immunity -Correct answer-Is in place at birth to prevent damage by substances in the environment and thwart infection by pathogenic microorganisms Two Types of Innate Immunity -Correct answe... r-Natural Barriers (physical, mechanical, and biochemical) and Inflammation Adaptive (Acquired) Immunity -Correct answer-Third line of defense that is initiated when innate immune system signals the cells of adaptive immunity. Responsive toward a very specific antigen. Develops slowly during first exposure, but is immediate at second exposure. Cells of Adaptive Immunity -Correct answer-T Lymphocytes, B lymphocytes, macrophages, dendritic cells Cells of Innate Immunity -Correct answer-Mast cells, granulocytes (neutrophils, eosinophils, basophils), Natural Killer cells, platelets, and endothelial cells The relationship between arterial perfusion and alveolar gas pressure at the base of the lungs -Correct answer-arterial perfusion pressure exceeds alveolar gas pressure When an individual is in an upright position -Correct answer-gravity pulls the lungs down toward the diaphragm and compresses the bases of the lungs Psoriasis, pityriasis rosea, lichen planus -Correct answer-inflammatory disorders characterized by papules, scales, plaques, and erythema Psoriasis -Correct answer-chronic, relapsing, proliferative, inflammatory disorder that involves skin, scalp, and nails. It can occur at any age Pityriasis rosea -Correct answer-benign, self-limiting inflammatory disorder that occurs more often in young adults. Peaks in the spring and the fall. The cause is unknown, but it is associated with a virus. Pityriasis rosea symptoms -Correct answer-begins as a single lesion (herald patch) that is circular, demarcated, and salmon-pink. Usually located on the trunk. Lichen Planus -Correct answer-benign, autoimmune, inflammatory disorder of the skin and mucous membranes. Linked to Hepatitis C, drugs, and film-processing chemicals. Age of onset is usually 30-70 years old Lichen Planus Symptoms -Correct answer-begins with flat, purple, polygonal, pruitic, nonscaling papules. Usually located on the wrists, ankles, lower legs, and genitalia. New lesions are pale pink and develop into a dark violet. Persistent lesions become thickened and red (hypertrophic LP). Oral lesions are lacy white rings and may be precancerous lesions Croup -Correct answer-infection and obstruction of the upper airways. most commonly occurs in children from 6 months to 3 years of age (peak at 2yo). Highest incidence in the autumn and winter (parainfluenza and RSV seasons). More common in boys than girls. Chickenpox -Correct answer-Produced by varicella-zoster virus (VZV). Inbubation time is 10-27 days (avg 14). Productive infection occurs within keratinocytes such that vesicular lesions occur in the epidermis, and an inflammatory inflitrate is often present. Anemia -Correct answer-reduction in total number of erythrocytes in the circulating blood or a decrease in the quality or quantity of hemoglobin. Result from impaired erythrocyte production, blood loss, increased erythrocyte destruction, or a combination Pernicious Anemia -Correct answer-most common type of megaloblastic anemia. Caused by vitamin B12 deficiency. Associated with end stage type A chronic atrophic gastritis and results from inadequate absorption of vitamin B12 Folate (folic acid) is essential for -Correct answer-RNA and DNA synthesis within the maturing erythrocyte. Required for synthesis of thymine and purines and conversion of homcystine to methionine. [Show More]

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