Chapter 12- Community Assessment and Evaluation StanhopeFoundations for Population Health in Community-Public Health Nursing, 5th Edition Questions And Answers 2022-2023 (A+ Grade)

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Chapter 12- Community Assessment and Evaluation StanhopeFoundations for Population Health in Community-Public Health Nursing, 5th Edition Questions And Answers 2022-2023 (A+ Grade) 1. Which of the... following is the best brief definition of community? a. A geographic area or political division under common leadership b. A group sharing a common bond such as a profession or occupation c. A group working together to confront a common problem d. A social group with common goals within a geographic area - ANS: D According to WHO, a community is "A group of people, often living in a defined geographical area, who may share a common culture, values and norms, and are arranged in a social structure according to relationships which the community has developed over a period of time. Members of a community gain their personal and social identity by sharing common beliefs, values and norms which have been developed by the community in the past and may be modified in the future." The correct answer includes aspects of people, place, and function or aims. In addition to sharing geographic boundaries and leadership, a community also has common values and interests. In addition to sharing a common bond, members within a community have to interact with one another. A group working together to confront a common problem only addresses the aspect of function; it does not address people or place. 2. A nurse is practicing in the community but also has the community as the target of practice. Which of the following best describes the activities of this nurse? a. Providing care to an active caseload of 50 families in the neighborhood b. Inviting all the parents of asthmatic children in the school to meet together for mutual support c. Sharing assessment findings and health goals with every community group that will listen d. Writing articles for the local newspaper highlighting the various programs and services of the local health department - ANS: C Meeting with all interested community groups is the only way to keep the focus on the community rather than on individuals. Although it is not possible to know the nurse's goals from the nurse's behavior, giving care to select groups does not represent the whole community. Publicizing services increases knowledge but doesn't necessarily help eligible clients access care. 3. Persons often point out that smokers choose to light their cigarettes, alcoholics lift the glass to their mouth, and drug addicts inject or ingest their drugs. Which of the following statements best describes why nurses don't simply focus on helping persons who engage in poor health behaviors to behave appropriately? a. Addicts don't have the willpower to change their behavior. b. It is too rewarding to continue the behavior for a person to be able to change. c. Laws and policies must reward good healthy behaviors and punish unhealthy behaviors to help individuals recognize the importance of change. d. Society must offer healthy choices, offer support, and practice helpful policies. - ANS: D Change for the benefit of the community client often must occur at several levels, ranging from the individual to society as a whole. Lifestyle-induced health problems cannot be solved simply by asking or encouraging individuals to choose healthpromoting habits. Society also must provide healthy choices. Most individuals cannot change their habits alone; they require the support of family members, friends, community health care systems, and relevant social policies. Change in society is helpful for addicts to change their behavior. Many times certain aspects of society limit an individuals ability to make change on their own. Laws and policies within society must support individuals to make healthy lifestyle choices. 4. A nurse is focusing on the process dimension of a community's health. Which of the following interventions will the nurse most likely implement? a. Assessing the health care services available in a community b. Establishing screening programs to diagnosis diseases as early as possible so treatment can begin c. Implementing health promotion activities such as education programs d. Planning for new programs to be developed based on identified needs - ANS: C When the emphasis is on the process dimension—usually the level of intervention of the nurse in community health—the best strategy is usually health promotion, such as various primary prevention strategies. The other responses represent the structure dimension of the community. Structure is defined as the services and resources within the community. This includes service use patterns, treatment data from various health agencies, and provider-to-client ratios. 5. A nurse has invited community members to participate as full partners in creating changes to improve the health of the community. Which of the following may be an unexpected consequence of this action? a. A change in the distribution or redistribution of power and influence b. An increase in awareness of the importance of health c. Continued ongoing interest in community health activities d. Improved family functioning and involvement in health activities - ANS: A Collaborative practice models involving the community and nurses in joint decision making and specific nursing roles are required. Nurses must remember that collaboration means shared roles and a cooperative effort in which participants want to work together. These participants must see themselves as part of a group effort and share in the process, beginning with planning and including decision making. This means sharing not only the power but also the responsibility for the outcomes of the intervention. By having the community members involved in creating the health change it is likely they will have an increased awareness of the importance of health, an ongoing interest in the health of the community. These things should occur because the community is more educated about its health because of its involvement. Being involved will not necessarily result in improved family functioning so this consequence will most likely not occur. 6. During the assessment phase, the nurse compiles and interprets available data and draws conclusions as to the community's strengths and concerns. Which of the following best describes why the nurse would also conduct interviews with key informants? CONTINUES... [Show More]

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