PSYCHOLOGY FINAL EXAM STUDY GUIDE WITH COMPLETE ANSWERS

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1. What is the definition of psychology? Correct Answer The scientific study of behavior and mental process 2. What are psychology's basic goals? Correct Answer Describe predict and explain behavio... r 3. How did philosophy and physiology contribute to the emergence of psychology as a separate scientific discipline? Correct Answer "The influence of philosophy on contemporary psychology persists today, as researchers who study emotion still talk about Descartes, and scientists who study happiness often refer to Aristotle" Physiology also contributed to psychology's eventual emergence as a scientific discipline. Early physiological research on the brain and behavior had a dramatic impact on psychology, ultimately contributing to applying scientific methodologies to the study of human thought and behavior. 4. Who is considered the father of psychology and opened the first psychology lab in 1879? Correct Answer Wilhelm M. Wundt 5. Which contemporary approach to psychology emphasizes that unconscious thoughts and experiences in early childhood are critical in the formation of personality? Correct Answer psychodynamic 6. Which contemporary approach emphasizes an individual's positive qualities Correct Answer the capacity for growth, and the freedom to choose one's destiny., Humanistic 7. What are the steps in the scientific method? Correct Answer Make an observation. Ask a question. Form a hypothesis, or testable explanation. Make a prediction based on the hypothesis. Test the prediction. Iterate: use the results to make new hypotheses or predictions. 8. What does the term critical thinking mean? Correct Answer the objective analysis and evaluation of an issue in order to form a judgment. 9. What is the behavioral approach to psychology (behaviorism) and what does it emphasize? Correct Answer school of psychology and theoretical viewpoint that emphasizes the study of observable behaviors, especially as they pertain to the process of learning 10. Who are two key figures in the development of behaviorism? Correct Answer Watson, Pavlov, and Skinner. [Show More]

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