NUR 2571 Exam 1 Material {UPDATED} | Nursing II Exam 1 Material Notes

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NUR 2571 Exam 1 Material {UPDATED} – Rasmussen College Nursing II Exam 1 Material Notes Chapters 54 & 55 Upper GI Tract Dysfunction; Chapters 54&55 • Know lab values for exam. • GERD ... o Gastric content leaks into the esophagus due to weakening of the lower esophageal sphincter and pyloric stenosis. o Alcohol, cigarettes, pregnancy, obesity, medications, and hiatal hernia increase risk of GERD.  Education on cessation of alcohol and cigarettes. • Avoid bending of laying flat after eating, take medications, encourage weight loss. o Gastric content has pH of 0.8-1.5 o Signs and symptoms include dyspepsia, regurgitation, belching, dysphagia, epigastric pain and heartburn. o Increase of abdominal pressure = GERD episode. o Treatment includes management of foods/substances linked with GERD episodes, antacids, histamine blockers and proton pump inhibitors.  (Maalox, Mylanta, famotidine, cimetidine, ranitidine, omeprazole, pantoprazole, esomeprazole.) o Review IGGY pg. 1088, Table 54-1 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - • Urolithiasis o Signs and symptoms include severe pain, flank pain radiating to groin, abdominal distention, fever and chills.  Monitor for renal function, intake and output. o Causative factors include dehydration. o Treatment depends on size of stone. 5mm of smaller usually pass on their own, stones greater than 5mm require surgery. Strain urine, monitor renal function, increase fluids, push stone through. • Urinary retention o Causative factors include BPH, surgery, medications, antidepressants, antipsychotics, antiparkinsonian agents and antihypertensives. o Signs and symptoms are larger intake than output, frequent but scant urinations, suprapubic discomfort, post-void residual. o Educate on reporting signs of UTI and increased fluid intake. Monitor I&Os, facilitate voiding. [Show More]

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