NUR 2502 / NUR2502 Multidimensional Care III Exam 1 Study Guide | Rated A | LATEST | Rasmussen College

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NUR 2502 / NUR2502 Multidimensional Care III Exam 1 Study Guide 1. Cervical Cancer Patho: - The uterine cervix is covered with squamous cells on the outer cervix and columnar (glandular) cells that... line the endocervical canal. Most cervical cancers arise from the squamous cells on the outside of the cervix. The other cancers arise from the mucus-secreting glandular cells (adenocarcinoma) in the endocervical canal. Risk Factors: - HPV or STI - smoking - having multiple full-term pregnancies - age (late-teens-early 30’s most at risk) - no access for screening - oral contraceptives Assessment: - (hematuria) painless vaginal bleeding, unexplained weight loss, dysuria (painful urination), pelvic pain, chest pain, rectal bleeding. - Pap smear will be performed to visualize the tumor if it is visible. Diagnosis: - Pap smear - colposcopy-visualizing the characteristics of cells by using a light. - endocervical curettage (scraping of the uterine lining-may cause bleeding) Treatment: - LEEP (loop electrosurgical excision procedure)- a thin loop wire electrode that transmits a painless electrical current is used to cut away affected tissue. - Chemotherapy, radiation, cryotherapy, laser therapy, total hysterectomy, conization Cervical ablation- post op care: - No sexual intercourse - No tampons / douche - No baths (showers only) - No fragrant soaps on vagina - Avoid lifting heavy objects - report vaginal bleeding 2. Uterine Leiomyoma/Fibroid Patho: - benign, slow-growing solid tumors of the uterine myometrium. Classified by the location. Intramural leiomyomas are contained in the uterine wall. Submucosal leiomyomas protrude into the cavity of the uterus and can cause bleeding and disrupt pregnancy. Subserosal leiomyomas protrude through the outer surface of the uterine wall and may extend to the broad ligament pressing other organs. Risk Factors: - Cause is unknown but they think leiomyomas develop from excessive local growth of smooth muscle cells. - May be a genetic error causing a lack of ability to halt growth. - The growth of leiomyomas may also be stimulated by estrogen, progesterone, and growth hormone. Assessment: - Acute pain, usually seek medical attention because of heavy vaginal bleeding, depending on the location she can have constipation, urinary frequency, or retention., abdominal pressure. Diagnosis: - Abdominal, vaginal, and rectal examinations usually reveal the presence of a uterine enlargement. - CBC, pregnancy test, transvaginal US, laparoscopy, hysteroscopy Treatment: - Nonsurgical: oral contraception, MRI - Surgical: MRI focused ultrasound- heat to tumor to kill it, Uterine artery embolization-starves tumor or circulation allowing it to shrink, myomectomy- laser removal of tumor, hysterectomy-removal of ovaries Hysterectomy- post op care: - monitor patient for fluid overload, embolism, hemorrhage, and to make sure the patient reports any sudden onset PAIN 3. Vulvovaginitis Patho: - inflammation of the lower genital tract / imbalance of hormones. Think yeast, bacterial vaginosis, pH changes. Risk Factors: - Multiple sexual partners - Sexually transmitted diseases - Spermicides - Use of vaginal sprays or douching - Diabetes - Birth control use - Wet clothing - Antibiotics/Steroids Assessment: - Pruritus - Painful sex - abnormal vaginal discharge - vaginal itching/odor Diagnosis: - Pelvic exam - Vaginal discharge microscopy - pH testing [Show More]

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