CHEM 115 Final. 135 Questions and Answers. All correct Answers Indicated.

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CHEM 115 Final Question 1 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text MEK is the abbreviation for methyl ethyl ketone. It is the common name for a solvent that is sold at hardware and... automotive parts stores. Its structure is: What is the IUPAC name for MEK? Select one: a. butanal b. butanone c. 2-butanol d. methyl propanal Feedback butanone Question 2 Incorrect Mark 0 out of 1 Flag question Question text The name for: is ___. Select one: a. ethanol b. dimethyl ketone c. dimethyl aldehyde d. ethanal Feedback ethanal Question 3 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text Which family of compounds is most likely to be relatively unreactive? Select one: a. alcohols b. ethers c. sulfides d. carboxylic acids. Feedback ethers Question 4 Incorrect Mark 0 out of 1 Flag question Question text The organic product expected from the following reaction is: Select one: a. b. c. d. Feedback Question 5 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text Which of these compounds is a properly named 2° alcohol? Select one: a. 1,3-Propandiol b. 2-Methyl-3-methyl-3-pentanol c. 1-Propanol d. 3-Hexanol Feedback 3-Hexanol Question 6 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text The product of the nucleophilic substitution reaction below is Select one: a. b. c. d. Feedback Question 7 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text The structural similarity of acetals and ethers is the presence of ___. Select one: a. C—O—C b. a carboxylic carbon c. C—O—H d. CHO Feedback C—O—C Question 8 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text Identify the nucleophile in this reaction. Select one: a. K+ b. CH3CH2Br c. CH3CH2OH d. OH– Feedback OH– Question 9 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text To which family of organic compounds does this compound belong? Select one: a. ketone b. aldehyde c. acid d. ether Feedback ketone Question 10 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text Which of the following will be oxidized by Benedict’s reagent? Select one: a. ethanol b. ethanal c. acetic acid d. ethane Feedback ethanal Question 11 Incorrect Mark 0 out of 1 Flag question Question text Which of the following molecules has the highest boiling point? Select one: a. b. c. d. Feedback Question 12 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text Each of these is based on the propane molecule. Which is NOT capable of forming hydrogen bonds to another molecule of the same type? Select one: a. 1-propanol b. 1-propanethiol c. 2-propanol d. propanoic acid Feedback 1-propanethiol Question 13 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text This compound, glucose, is important in the chemistry of living things. To which class of compounds does glucose belong? Select one: a. thiol b. carboxylic acid c. sulfide d. hemiacetal Feedback hemiacetal Question 14 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text Which of the following oxidizing agents is necessary to complete the biochemical reaction below? Select one: a. K2Cr2O7 b. NAD+ c. Cu2+ d. NADH Feedback NAD+ Question 15 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text Suppose we were assigned to produce the compound below in the laboratory: Which of the following would be a good precursor (reactant) for a one-step process? Select one: a. b. c. d. Feedback Question 16 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text Reduction can convert an aldehyde into a secondary alcohol. Select one: True False Feedback The correct answer is 'False'. Question 17 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text What is the major organic product of the following reaction? Select one: a. CH3CH=CH2 b. CH3CH2CH2OH c. CH3CH2CH3 d. CH3CH2COOH Feedback CH3CH2CH2OH Question 18 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text Disulfide bonds in a protein have some responsibility for holding the protein molecule in its three-dimensional shape. Which statement is correct when considering disulfide bonds? Select one: a. The disulfide bond is established by an oxidation reaction. b. The disulfide bond can be broken by a reduction process. c. Two thiol molecules combine to form a disulfide when treated with the oxidizing agent I2. d. All three statements are correct. Feedback All three statements are correct. Question 19 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text If the compound below is oxidized, the resulting product is ___. Select one: a. methane and propane b. butanal c. butanoic acid d. butane Feedback butanoic acid Question 20 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text Which of the following molecules can form hydrogen bonds with other molecules of the same type? Select one: a. b. c. d. Feedback Question 21 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text The molecule below is ___. Select one: a. butyl methyl ether b. butyl ether c. cyclopropyl methyl ether d. a hemiacetal Feedback cyclopropyl methyl ether Question 22 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text What is the product of the nucleophilic substitution reaction below? Select one: a. b. c. d. Feedback Question 23 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text The reduction of a ketone produces a 2° alcohol. Select one: True False Feedback The correct answer is 'True'. Question 24 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text The organic product expected from the following reaction is: Select one: a. b. c. d. Feedback Question 25 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text Which compound type is most susceptible to a nucleophillic substitution reaction? Select one: a. hydrocarbon b. alcohol c. alkyl halide d. acid Feedback alkyl halide Question 26 Incorrect Mark 0 out of 1 Flag question Question text Which of the following is an alcohol sugar? Select one: a. b. c. d. Feedback Question 27 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text Glycogen contains -1,4- and -1,6-glycosidic bonds. Select one: True False Feedback The correct answer is 'True'. Question 28 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text Shown below is a cyclic form of D-glucose. This structure is classified as ___. Select one: a. -D-glucopyranose b. - D-glucofuranose c. -D-galactopyranose d.  - L-glucopyranose Feedback -D-glucopyranose Question 29 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text Choose the compound that is a ketotetrose. Select one: a. b. c. d. Feedback Question 30 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text How many chiral carbons are present in the structure below? Select one: a. 2 b. 3 c. 4 d. 5 Feedback 3 Question 31 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text Which of the following properties of an enantiomer does not influence the amount of its rotation of plane polarized light? Select one: a. temperature b. wavelength of light c. number of molecules that the light passes through d. its chemical property Feedback its chemical property Question 32 Incorrect Mark 0 out of 1 Flag question Question text Which of the following is an L monosaccharide? Select one: a. b. c. d. Feedback Question 33 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text -D-glucose and -D-glucose are anomers. Select one: True False Feedback The correct answer is 'True'. Question 34 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text Which of the following can be obtained from hydrolysis of simple glycosides? Select one: a. Alcohol b. Ester c. Ether d. amine Feedback Alcohol Question 35 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text What can be said about the relationship of these two carbohydrates? Select one: a. These two structures are not related. b. Both have four chiral carbons. c. They are superimposable. d. They are enantiomers. Feedback They are enantiomers. Question 36 Incorrect Mark 0 out of 1 Flag question Question text What is the product of the following reaction? Select one: a. b. c. d. Feedback Question 37 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text Starch contains two polymers of glucose, they are amylose and amylopectin. Amylose differs from amylopectin in that Select one: a. amylopectin contains fructose and amylose does not. b. amylose contains fructose and amylose does not. c. amylose is highly branched and amylopectin is not. d. amylopectin is highly branched and amylose is not. Feedback amylopectin is highly branched and amylose is not. Question 38 Incorrect Mark 0 out of 1 Flag question Question text Which of the following is an aldonic acid? Select one: a. b. c. d. Feedback Question 39 Incorrect Mark 0 out of 1 Flag question Question text What is the relationship of these compounds to each other? I. II. III. Select one: a. Compounds II and III are enantiomers; compound I is not related to II and III. b. Compounds I and II are enantiomers; III is a diastereomer of I and II. c. Compounds I and II are enantiomers; compound III is not related to I and II. d. These three compounds are not related to each other; they only look similar. Feedback Compounds I and II are enantiomers; III is a diastereomer of I and II. Question 40 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text ___ is the structural material for plants while ___ is the energy storage material of plants. Select one: a. Cellulose/starch b. Starch/cellulose c. Glycogen/starch d. Starch/glycogen Feedback Cellulose/starch Question 41 Incorrect Mark 0 out of 1 Flag question Question text What is the product of the following reaction? Select one: a. b. c. d. Feedback Question 42 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text Starch and cellulose are both polysaccharides of glucose. Cellulose differs from starch in that Select one: a. cellulose contains glucose molecules connected by - (1→4) glycosidic bonds. b. cellulose contains glucose molecules connected by - (1→4) glycosidic bonds. c. cellulose is more highly branched than starch. d. cellulose is the energy storage molecule of plants. Feedback cellulose contains glucose molecules connected by - (1→4) glycosidic bonds. Question 43 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text Which are anomers? Select one: a. aldotetrose and ketotetrose b. D-glucose and L-glucose c. glucopyranose and glucofuranose d. -D-galacose and -D-galactose Feedback -D-galacose and -D-galactose Question 44 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text ___ is the energy storage polysaccharide of plants and ___ is the energy storage polysaccharide for animals. Select one: a. Cellulose/starch b. Starch/cellulose c. Glycogen/starch d. Starch/glycogen Feedback Starch/glycogen Question 45 Incorrect Mark 0 out of 1 Flag question Question text Which of the following molecules contain a chiral carbon? Select one: a. b. c. d. Feedback Question 46 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text The carbohydrates which contain the largest molecules are the Select one: a. monosaccharides. b. polysaccharides. c. oligosaccharides. d. aldohexoses. Feedback polysaccharides. Question 47 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text What is the name of this compound? Select one: a. -D-ribofuranose b. -D-2-deoxyribofuranose c. -D-3-deoxyribofuranose d. -D-ribose Feedback -D-2-deoxyribofuranose Question 48 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text Which of the following is a uronic acid? Select one: a. b. c. d. Feedback Question 49 Incorrect Mark 0 out of 1 Flag question Question text Benedict’s reagent is used for detecting reducing sugars because Select one: a. a reduction of the sugar occurs producing an acid. b. the aldehyde group in the sugar is oxidized. c. the copper ion in the reagent is oxidized as the sugar is reduced. d. the —OH groups are exchanged for hydrogens. Feedback the aldehyde group in the sugar is oxidized. Question 50 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text A drug's enantiomers can be responsible for the desired physiologic effects, while the other enantiomer is less active, inactive, or sometimes even responsible for adverse effects. Select one: True False Feedback The correct answer is 'True'. Question 51 Incorrect Mark 0 out of 1 Flag question Question text Adrenocorticoid hormones are produced from cholesterol. Select one: True False Feedback The correct answer is 'True'. Question 52 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text Matching: Match the statement to its correct answer. Mixtures of water insoluble compounds including esters, alcohols, and alkanes. Answer 1 Reaction that produces glycerol and fatty acid salts from triglycerides. Answer 2 Substance that can make or stabilize water insoluble substances as colloids. Answer 3 An emulsifying agent found in egg white. Answer 4 Glycolipid found at nerve synapses. Answer 5 Eicosanoid that causes pain and inflammation. Answer 6 Eicosanoid that is responsible for muscle contraction. Answer 7 Lipids synthesized from arachidonic acid. Answer 8 Movement of material across a cell membrane against the diffusion gradient. Answer 9 Feedback Mixtures of water insoluble compounds including esters, alcohols, and alkanes. → wax, Reaction that produces glycerol and fatty acid salts from triglycerides. → saponification, Substance that can make or stabilize water insoluble substances as colloids. → emulsifier, An emulsifying agent found in egg white. → lecithin, Glycolipid found at nerve synapses. → cerebroside, Eicosanoid that causes pain and inflammation. → prostaglandin, Eicosanoid that is responsible for muscle contraction. → leukotriene, Lipids synthesized from arachidonic acid. → eicosanoid, Movement of material across a cell membrane against the diffusion gradient. → active transport Question 53 Incorrect Mark 0 out of 1 Flag question Question text The lipid hormones that are derived from arachidonic acid are the ___. Select one: a. arachidonics b. eicosanoids c. adrenocorticoid hormones d. sex hormones Feedback eicosanoids Question 54 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text The phosphate head group of phospholipids is ___ and is found on the ___ of a membrane's lipid bilayer. Select one: a. hydrophilic/inside b. hydrophilic/outside c. hydrophobic/inside d. hydrophobic/outside Feedback hydrophilic/outside Question 55 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text The melting point of lauric acid, CH3(CH2)10CO2H , is 43C and the melting point of stearic acid (CH3(CH2)16CO2H) is 69C. Which of the following statements best explains why the melting point of lauric acid is lower than the melting point of stearic acid? Select one: a. The hydrophobic tail of lauric acid is longer than the hydrophobic tail of stearic acid. b. Stearic acid is soluble in water and lauric acid is not soluble in water. c. Stearic acid is a fatty acid, whereas lauric acid is not a fatty acid. d. The London force interactions are stronger in stearic acid than they are in lauric acid. Feedback The London force interactions are stronger in stearic acid than they are in lauric acid. Question 56 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text Because of the components that are found in phospholipids, the phospholipid molecules Select one: a. are long molecules with multiple polar points. b. have a head that is nonpolar, as is the tail. c. have a polar end and a nonpolar end. d. have two ends that are nonpolar with a polar middle. Feedback have a polar end and a nonpolar end. Question 57 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text Identify the class of lipid to which the following molecule belongs. Select one: a. fatty acid b. triglyceride c. wax d. glycerophospholipid Feedback triglyceride Question 58 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text Saponification Select one: a. is a hydrolysis reaction. b. results in the production of triglycerides. c. is used to store energy for later use. d. is a reaction found in plant metabolism. Feedback is a hydrolysis reaction. Question 59 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text Fatty acids can produce ions that are ___. Select one: a. highly charged at the tail b. nonpolar c. amphipathic d. hydrophobic Feedback amphipathic Question 60 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text Bile acids are attached to glycerol backbone by ester bonds. Select one: True False Feedback The correct answer is 'False'. Question 61 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text How many molecules of H2 will react with one molecule of the following triglyceride? Select one: a. 1 b. 3 c. 4 d. 6 Feedback 1 Question 62 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text Compounds found in feathers and leaves of most plants, which serve as protective coatings to keep water from entering or leaving an organism, are ___. Select one: a. glycolipids b. steroids c. waxes d. sphingolipids Feedback waxes Question 63 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text The fluid mosaic model proposes that Select one: a. membranes can move like a fluid. b. proteins are embedded into the cell membrane. c. materials that are fluid move across a membrane. d. the composition of membranes includes a mosaic fluid. Feedback proteins are embedded into the cell membrane. Question 64 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text Saturated fatty acids have lower melting points than unsaturated fatty acids with the same number of carbon atoms. Select one: True False Feedback The correct answer is 'False'. Question 65 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text Carnauba wax is widely used for high-gloss car and floor polishes. A major component of carnauba wax ester is provided below. The condensed structure of the alcohol from which carnauba wax ester is formed is: Select one: a. b. c. d. Feedback Question 66 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text The structure of glycerophospholipids contains Select one: a. a phosphate group, glycerol, three fatty acids, and a sugar molecule. b. a phosphate group, glycerol, two fatty acids, and an alcohol molecule. c. a phosphate group, a cyclic carbon ring, and variable numbers of fatty acids. d. a phosphate group, a carbohydrate molecule, an alcohol, and fatty acids. Feedback a phosphate group, glycerol, two fatty acids, and an alcohol molecule. Question 67 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text A saturated fatty acid is Select one: a. a fatty acid with a carbon chain which has just one carbon-carbon double bond. b. a fatty acid chain in which a carbon chain has two or more carbon-carbon double bonds. c. a fatty acid which has all single carbon-carbon bonds joining carbon atoms. d. a fatty acid with cis-carbon-carbon double bonds. Feedback a fatty acid which has all single carbon-carbon bonds joining carbon atoms. Question 68 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text Some molecules and ions are transported across a membrane via ___, which requires energy. Select one: a. osmosis b. diffusion c. facillitated diffusion d. active transport Feedback active transport Question 69 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text Phospholipids ___. Select one: a. are really a wax b. are very polar on both ends c. contain a sugar, which may be simple or a chain d. are part of the structure of cell membranes Feedback are part of the structure of cell membranes Question 70 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text Suppose a highly positive ion was attracted to a membrane. At what location would that most likely occur? Select one: a. the head of a lipid b. the tail of a lipid c. the nonpolar portion of a protein d. the double bond located within a lipid Feedback the head of a lipid Question 71 Incorrect Mark 0 out of 1 Remove flag Question text Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDS) block the actions of the COX enzymes and their production of eicosanoids from ___. Select one: a. steroids b. arachidonic acid c. sphingolipids d. phospholipids Feedback arachidonic acid Question 72 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text The skeletal structure of Arachidonic acid, an essential fatty acid, is provided below. Arachidonic acid is best classified as: Select one: a. Omega-3-fatty acid b. Omega-6-fatty acid c. Saturated fatty acid d. Wax Feedback Omega-6-fatty acid Question 73 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text Active transport, a function of membranes, Select one: a. requires an input of energy. b. moves amino acids and small ions across the membrane. c. requires an input of energy and moves amino acids and small ions across the membrane. d. None of these choices. Feedback requires an input of energy and moves amino acids and small ions across the membrane. Question 74 Incorrect Mark 0 out of 1 Flag question Question text The structure shown below represents which of the following? Select one: a. sphingosine b. glycerophospholipid c. triglyceride d. sphingoglycolipid Feedback sphingosine Question 75 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text The steroid that is the raw material for the production of other steroids is Select one: a. triglyceride. b. cholesterol. c. progesterone. d. eicosanoid. Feedback cholesterol. Question 76 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text When a patient has accidentally ingested methanol, a physician can order the use of ethanol to overwhelm the alcohol dehydrogenase enzyme. This prevents the liver from producing deadly formaldehyde from the methanol. This is an example of _____. Select one: a. covalent modification b. feedback inhibition c. competitive inhibition d. protein denaturation Feedback competitive inhibition Question 77 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text The most abundant protein in the human body is Select one: a. collagen b. enzymes c. globular protein d. α-keratin Feedback collagen Question 78 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text A characteristic that distinguishes between secondary and tertiary structures is the fact that hydrogen bonding in all secondary structures are between backbone –C=O and H-N- groups. Select one: True False Feedback The correct answer is 'True'. Question 79 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text The hydrophobic portions of a protein tend to Select one: a. form chemical bonds between them so that the structure of the protein is rigid. b. be attracted to each other by means of strong interatomic forces. c. be strongly attracted to the water in the surroundings, pulling portions of the molecule away from its center. d. fold into the interior of the three-dimensional shape away from water. Feedback fold into the interior of the three-dimensional shape away from water. Question 80 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text Which reaction is capable of breaking polypeptides into their component amino acids? Select one: a. hydrogenation (adding hydrogen) b. hydrolysis (adding water) c. dehydrogenation (removing hydrogen) d. dehydration (removing water) Feedback hydrolysis (adding water) Question 81 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text The term commonly used for a chain of amino acids 100 units long is ___. Select one: a. peptide b. oligopeptide c. polypeptide d. centapeptide Feedback polypeptide Question 82 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text Which of the following do not contribute to the overall stability of a tertiary structure of proteins? Select one: a. salt bridges b. hydrogen bonding c. hydrophobic effect d. hormones Feedback hormones Question 83 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text Globular proteins in water typically assume their specific shapes because Select one: a. they are water-soluble due to the polar points located along the length of the protein molecules. b. the nonpolar portion of the molecule is inside and the polar portion is outside, as stated by the folding rule. c. they can assume the β–sheet form, which stretches along the surface of the solution. d. all of the polar side chains in the molecular structure fold inward to be protected from the effects of the polarity of water. Feedback the nonpolar portion of the molecule is inside and the polar portion is outside, as stated by the folding rule. Question 84 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text A change in pH usually produces a change in enzyme activity because Select one: a. pH of the environment changes the conformation of the enzyme. b. enzyme activity increases at extreme pH values (either acidic or basic). c. enzyme activity is usually least active below its optimum pH. d. enzyme activity is most active above its optimum temperature. Feedback pH of the environment changes the conformation of the enzyme. Question 85 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text An allosteric enzyme differs from a Michaelis-Menten enzyme because the allosteric enzyme Select one: a. has a more active binding site that is more polar and will hold the substrate longer. b. displays cooperativity in which the binding of a substrate to the active site on one subunit affects .the binding of substrate at other subunits. c. operates to change reaction rates of all of the stereoisomers of a compound, not just one. d. will catalyze all the reactions of a substance produced in a series of steps. Feedback displays cooperativity in which the binding of a substrate to the active site on one subunit affects .the binding of substrate at other subunits. Question 86 Incorrect Mark 0 out of 1 Remove flag Question text The side chain of the amino acid histidine is shown here. The side chain is classified as ___. Select one: a. nonpolar b. polar-acidic c. polar-basic d. polar-neutral Feedback polar-basic Question 87 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text Enzymes that display stereospecificity are those that will catalyze the reactions of both the L-form and the D-form of a carbohydrate. Select one: True False Feedback The correct answer is 'False'. Question 88 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text Leucine-enkephalin, a pentapeptide, is a naturally occurring pain reliever found in the brain. How many peptide bonds are there in leucine-enkephalin? Select one: a. 5 b. 4 c. 6 d. 3 Feedback 4 Question 89 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text Proteins can contain prosthetic groups, which are Select one: a. polypeptide chains that contain only one kind of amino acid. b. polypeptide chains that come off the main chain to form a branch. c. groups containing nonpeptide components. d. groups of amino acids that form accessory structures to the protein. Feedback groups containing nonpeptide components. Question 90 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text Proteins tend to assume a specific overall three-dimensional shape. This is referred to as the protein's ___. Select one: a. primary structure b. secondary structure c. tertiary structure d. quaternary structure Feedback tertiary structure Question 91 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text Proteins can be denatured by changes in temperature or pH. Select one: True False Feedback The correct answer is 'True'. Question 92 Incorrect Mark 0 out of 1 Remove flag Question text A tetrapeptide is given as: Ser-Lys-Ala-Pro. Which of the following statements is true? Select one: a. The serine provided a nitrogen for the peptide bond. b. The N-terminus is serine (Ser). c. There are four peptide bonds because there are four amino acids. d. The listing should be in alphabetical order. Feedback The N-terminus is serine (Ser). Question 93 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text Organic compounds that are not polypeptides but are necessary for enzymes to properly function are called ___. Select one: a. substrates b. zymogens c. active sites d. coenzymes Feedback coenzymes Question 94 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text The structure of the amino acid glutamine is shown below. Glutamine can be classified as Select one: a. polar-neutral b. polar –acidic c. polar basic d. nonpolar Feedback polar-neutral Question 95 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text The side chain of the amino acid phenylalanine is shown here. The side chain is classified as ___. Select one: a. nonpolar b. polar-acidic c. polar-basic d. polar-neutral Feedback nonpolar Question 96 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text Shown here is the amino acid glycine at a pH of ___. Select one: a. 1 b. 7 c. 14 d. both 1 and 14 Feedback 7 Question 97 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text The enzyme known as alcohol dehydrogenase is capable of oxidizing ethanol, methanol and other hydroxyl group containing organic compounds into their corresponding aldehydes. Such an enzyme with ___ catalyzes the reaction of structurally related substances. Select one: a. absolute specificity b. relative specificity c. stereospecificity d. no specificity Feedback relative specificity Question 98 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text The function of feedback inhibition is to Select one: a. affect the polarity of a substrate so that it will not be picked up by an enzyme. b. provide a stimulus to the enzyme that makes it active during a reaction. c. provide a way of keeping the wrong substrate from coming in contact with an enzyme. d. control an enzyme reaction so that there isn’t an overproduction of the product. Feedback control an enzyme reaction so that there isn’t an overproduction of the product. Question 99 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text Noncompetitive inhibitors resemble the substrate and bond to the active site of an enzyme. Select one: True False Feedback The correct answer is 'False'. Question 100 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text A characteristic of a Michaelis-Menten enzyme is that it Select one: a. inhibits the formation of a complex under the reaction conditions. b. forms an enzyme—substrate complex that is stable. c. forms an enzyme—substrate complex after which the product and the enzyme separate. d. is a system specific to the hydrolysis of complex carbohydrates. Feedback forms an enzyme—substrate complex after which the product and the enzyme separate. Question 101 Incorrect Mark 0 out of 1 Remove flag Question text Which of the following statements is true about the given nucleotide? Select one: a. The nitrogen-containing base is a pyrimidine derivative. b. The nucleotide can be found in both RNA and DNA. c. The monosaccharide unit is 2-deoxyribose. d. The phosphate group is attached to the monosaccharide at carbon 3’. Feedback The nucleotide can be found in both RNA and DNA. Question 102 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text Phosphoric acid can enter in reactions to produce a phosphate ester. Which of these is a phosphate ester? Select one: a. b. c. d. Feedback Question 103 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text N-glycosides are Select one: a. produced when the N-carbon of the alcohol reacts with a monosaccharide. b. the result of the reaction of an N-monosaccharide and an acid. c. β-N-alcohols produced from the reaction of a monosaccharide and phosphate. d. the result of an amine reacting with the hemiacetal carbon of a monosaccharide. Feedback the result of an amine reacting with the hemiacetal carbon of a monosaccharide. Question 104 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text The base that will NOT combine with 2-deoxyribose to form a nucleic acid is ___. Select one: a. thymine b. adenine c. guanine d. uracil Feedback uracil Question 105 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text Deoxyribonucleic acid Select one: a. is an enzyme found in the cell. b. can move about the cell. c. is found in the nucleus of cells. d. is a major component of cell membranes. Feedback is found in the nucleus of cells. Question 106 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text A monosaccharide incorporated in a nucleic acid is ___. Select one: a. β-deoxyribose b. 2-deoxyribose c. β-glucose d. N-glycosidose Feedback 2-deoxyribose Question 107 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Remove flag Question text An example of reverse transcription in human cells is the production of new DNA by the cell from the information stored in the RNA of the HIV virus. Select one: True False Feedback The correct answer is 'True'. Question 108 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text Which of the following determines the secondary structure of DNA? Select one: a. the sequence of sugar molecules b. complimentary base pairing c. coiling of the helices into a tight, compact shape d. the sequence of nucleotide residues Feedback complimentary base pairing Question 109 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text Reverse transcription is Select one: a. the process by which DNA produces RNA prior to protein synthesis. b. the process by which DNA produces a copy of itself prior to cell division. c. the process by which RNA molecules generate the primary structure of proteins. d. the process by which viral RNA is read to produce new DNA. Feedback the process by which viral RNA is read to produce new DNA. Question 110 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text The most common nucleotides in nature are ___. Select one: a. 3’-monophosphates b. 5’-monophosphates c. 1’ monophosphates d. 3’-5’-diphosphates Feedback 5’-monophosphates Question 111 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text A nucleoside is the result of the reaction of Select one: a. phosphate and a monosaccharide. b. ribose and deoxyribose. c. a monosaccharide and an organic base. d. a disaccharide, a phosphate, and a base residue. Feedback a monosaccharide and an organic base. Question 112 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text The process by which the primary structure of RNA is used to generate the correct primary structure of a particular protein is known as ___. Select one: a. replication b. transcription c. translation d. reverse transcription Feedback translation Question 113 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text The following molecule is Select one: a. adenosine 5’-monophosphate (AMP) b. adenosine 5’-triphosphate (ATP) c. deoxythymidine 5’ –monophosphate (dTMP) d. guanosine 5’ –triphosphate (GTP) Feedback adenosine 5’-triphosphate (ATP) Question 114 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text DNA can be denatured by processes that disrupt hydrogen bonding and cause the strands to separate. Select one: True False Feedback The correct answer is 'True'. Question 115 Incorrect Mark 0 out of 1 Remove flag Question text Which of the following determines the tertiary structure of DNA? Select one: a. the sequence of sugar molecules b. complimentary base pairing c. coiling of the helices into a tight, compact shape d. the sequence of nucleotide residues Feedback coiling of the helices into a tight, compact shape Question 116 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text The C-1 of a ribose is linked to purine bases by Select one: a. an ester bond. b. an α-glycosidic bond. c. a phosphate anhydride bond. d. a β-N-glycosidic bond. Feedback a β-N-glycosidic bond. Question 117 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text When recombinant DNA is inserted into bacteria, Select one: a. the bacteria no longer produce their own proteins and are very short lived. b. the metabolism of the bacteria is not affected. c. both the bacterial proteins and the new protein are produced. d. the protein produced is exactly the same as if it were produced by the original cells. Feedback both the bacterial proteins and the new protein are produced. Question 118 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text Adenine and Cytosine bases will pair through hydrogen bonding. Select one: True False Feedback The correct answer is 'False'. Question 119 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text Ribosomal RNA Select one: a. is part of the ribosome and is a chemical complex of RNA and protein. b. is the form of RNA that goes from the DNA to the ribosome. c. is a short-strand RNA that is generally found outside of the nucleus. d. is produced in the nucleus and remains there in contact with the ribosomes. Feedback is part of the ribosome and is a chemical complex of RNA and protein. Question 120 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text Replication is Select one: a. the process by which DNA produces RNA prior to protein synthesis. b. the process by which DNA produces a copy of itself prior to cell division. c. the process by which RNA molecules generate the primary structure of proteins. d. the process by which viral RNA is read to produce new DNA. Feedback the process by which DNA produces a copy of itself prior to cell division. Question 121 Incorrect Mark 0 out of 1 Remove flag Question text Match the correct answer with the corresponding statement. A base found in RNA but not DNA Answer 1 A base found in DNA but not RNA Answer 2 The opposite directions run by two strands of DNA double helix Answer 3 Protein synthesis Answer 4 When mRNA is synthesized from DNA Answer 5 When a strand of DNA makes a new copy prior to cell division Answer 6 The RNA that carries amino acids to the site of protein synthesis Answer 7 A series of three bases on tRNA complimentary to a codon Answer 8 A three base sequence on mRNA that specifies an amino acid Answer 9 A change in the base sequence of DNA Answer 10 DNA containing DNA material from two or more sources Answer 11 Process by which copies of DNA are duplicated Answer 12 Feedback A base found in RNA but not DNA → uracil, A base found in DNA but not RNA → thymine, The opposite directions run by two strands of DNA double helix → antiparallel, Protein synthesis → translation, When mRNA is synthesized from DNA → transcription, When a strand of DNA makes a new copy prior to cell division → replication, The RNA that carries amino acids to the site of protein synthesis → tRNA, A series of three bases on tRNA complimentary to a codon → anticodon, A three base sequence on mRNA that specifies an amino acid → codon, A change in the base sequence of DNA → mutation, DNA containing DNA material from two or more sources → recombinant DNA, Process by which copies of DNA are duplicated → polymerase chain reaction Question 122 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text In the following structure, which labeled structure is the sugar residue? Select one: a. a b. b c. c Feedback c Question 123 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Remove flag Question text Combining DNA from two or more sources produces ___. Select one: a. recombinant DNA b. gene expression c. an operon d. mutation Feedback recombinant DNA Question 124 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text The production of recombinant DNA requires cutting a gene from the DNA molecule. This cut can be made with the use of ___. Select one: a. restriction enzymes b. an electron microscope and forceps c. a bacterial plasmid d. ligases Feedback restriction enzymes Question 125 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text Transcription is Select one: a. the process by which DNA produces RNA prior to protein synthesis. b. the process by which DNA produces a copy of itself prior to cell division. c. the process by which RNA molecules generate the primary structure of proteins. d. the process by which viral RNA is read to produce new DNA. Feedback the process by which DNA produces RNA prior to protein synthesis. Question 126 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text One way that insulin reduces blood sugar is by Select one: a. increasing the rate of change of blood sugar to fructose. b. increasing the rate of glycogen metabolism. c. increasing the rate of glucose uptake by cells. d. increasing the concentration of glycogen phosphorylase. Feedback increasing the rate of glucose uptake by cells. Question 127 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text The biosynthesis of glucose takes place in a series of reactions known as ___. Select one: a. glycolysis b. gluconeogenesis c. the citric acid cycle d. the electron transport chain Feedback gluconeogenesis Question 128 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text The digestion of ___ begins in the mouth and continues in the small intestine where the large molecules are broken down into ___. Select one: a. proteins/amino acids b. carbohydrates/monosaccharides c. lipids/fatty acids and glycerol and monoacylglycerides d. fiber/starch Feedback carbohydrates/monosaccharides Question 129 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text What is a possible response to a drop in blood glucose concentration? Select one: a. Anaerobic metabolism of sugars occurs instead of aerobic pathways. b. The rate of the production of the enzymes necessary to produce glucose is increased. c. Glycogenolysis is switched on and glycogenesis is switched off. d. The production of glucose 6-phosphate is switched off. Feedback Glycogenolysis is switched on and glycogenesis is switched off. Question 130 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text The electron transport chain Select one: a. takes place in the special membranes located in the nucleus of the cell. b. produces FADH2 by means of hydrolysis reactions. c. utilizes the H+ released to produce complexes for later reaction. d. and oxidative phosphorylation together produce ATP. Feedback and oxidative phosphorylation together produce ATP. Question 131 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text The process by which ADP is converted to ATP takes place in the ___ and one of the processes by which this change occurs is known as ___. Select one: a. mitochondria/oxidative phosphorylation b. cytoplasm/oxidative phosphorylation c. mitochondria/citric acid cycle d. cytoplasm/citric acid cycle Feedback mitochondria/oxidative phosphorylation Question 132 Incorrect Mark 0 out of 1 Remove flag Question text The overall net result of glycolysis is the conversion of one glucose to two pyruvates, 3 NADH, 4 ATP and energy. Select one: True False Feedback The correct answer is 'False'. Question 133 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text Glycolysis is a form of ___. Select one: a. metabolism b. catabolism c. anabolism d. hydrolysis Feedback catabolism Question 134 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text During catabolism, proteins are broken down into amino acids. The amine groups are transferred to an -keto acid by a process known as ___. The amino acids of -keto acids are then converted into ___ before being excreted in urine. Select one: a. oxidative phosphorylation/pyruvate b. glycolysis/acetyl-CoA c. ketosis/acetone d. transamination/urea Feedback transamination/urea Question 135 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text Which of the following bonds is broken when ATP is hydrolyzed? Select one: a. hydrogen bond b. phosphoester bond c. N-glycosidic bond d. phosphoanhydride bond Feedback phosphoanhydride bond Question 136 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text Which kind of a process is glycogenesis? Select one: a. catabolic b. anabolic c. hydrolysis d. hydrogenation Feedback anabolic Question 137 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text NH4+ is normally excreted from the human body by means of ___. Select one: a. ammonium ions b. urea c. uremic acid d. uric acid Feedback urea Question 138 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text The NADH and FADH2 used by the electron transport chain are normally produced in the mitochondria; however, Select one: a. NADH is also produced during glycolysis in the cytoplasm. b. NADH is only produced and used in the mitochondria; FADH2 can be used elsewhere. c. FADH2 is also produced by the citric acid cycle; NADH is not. d. FADH2 produced in the mitochondria has more energy than does NADH. Feedback NADH is also produced during glycolysis in the cytoplasm. Question 139 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text Protein synthesis is a form of ___. Select one: a. metabolism b. catabolism c. anabolism d. hydrolysis Feedback anabolism Question 140 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Remove flag Question text The fatty acid synthesis in the body occurs primarily in the cytoplasm. Select one: True False Feedback The correct answer is 'True'. Question 141 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text Beginning with octanoic acid, how many passes through the -oxidation spiral will take place? Select one: a. 3 b. 4 c. 6 d. 8 Feedback 3 Question 142 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text Each spiral of the β-oxidative spiral of fatty acid catabolism removes ___ carbon atoms from a fatty acid producing acetyl-CoA, NADH and FADH2. Select one: a. 1 b. 2 c. 3 d. 4 Feedback 2 Question 143 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text The NADH or FADH2 produced from fatty acid oxidation can enter ___ where these coenzymes are recycled to their oxidized forms. Select one: a. glycolysis b. gluconeogenesis c. citric acid cycle d. electron transport chain Feedback electron transport chain Question 144 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text The condition of ketoacidosis is Select one: a. a potentially fatal buildup of acetoacetate or 3-hydroxybutyrate lowering blood pH. b. due to a lowered production of ketone bodies than is normal. c. the increase in pH of the cells due to ketone body production. d. only found when anaerobic catabolism of fat occurs. Feedback a potentially fatal buildup of acetoacetate or 3-hydroxybutyrate lowering blood pH. Question 145 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text ___ is defined as the reactions that biosynthesize large molecules from small molecules consuming energy in the form of ATP. Select one: a. Metabolism b. Catabolism c. Anabolism d. Hydrolysis Feedback Anabolism Question 146 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text The digestion of lactose to galactose and glucose occurs in the ___. Select one: a. mouth b. stomach c. intestine d. liver Feedback intestine Question 147 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text A metabolic pathway in which the final product is also a starting material is defined as a ___ pathway. Select one: a. linear b. circular c. spiral d. coupled Feedback circular Question 148 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text ATP is used up in glycolysis and produced in glucogenesis. Select one: True False Feedback The correct answer is 'False'. Question 149 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text The biosynthesis of fatty acids is a form of ___. Select one: a. metabolism b. catabolism c. anabolism d. hydrolysis Feedback anabolism Question 150 Correct Mark 1 out of 1 Flag question Question text Acetyl-CoA produced as a result of glycolysis enters the ___ metabolic pathway. Select one: a. glycolysis b. gluconeogenesis c. citric acid cycle d. electron transport chain Feedback citric acid cycle [Show More]

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