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Strephosymbolia Learning disorder in which symbols and especially phrases, words, or letters appear to be reversed or transposed in reading. Who coined word "Strephosymbolia" to differentiate be... tween itself and "word-blindness"? Samuel Orton What is synthetic teaching Part to whole (teaching letter sounds, building up to blending to make words) What is analytic teaching Whole to part What researcher has the most current finding of phonemic awareness? Reid Lyons What is quantitative research? Research in which numerical data are collected and statistically analyzed using a large sample. What is qualitative research? Research that collects data through various observations. What is experimental research? Research in which subjects are randomly assigned to experimental and control groups. What is quasi-experimental research? Research in which subjects are NOT randomly assigned to experimental and control groups. Which activity uses both analytic and synthetic teaching? Syllable division Forms of language (3) Phonology, morphology, and syntax What is dyspraxia? Speech problems caused by sensorimotor disruption. What is dysarthria? Speech problems caused by musculature weakness. Affixes Prefixes and suffixes Pragmatics Set of rules that dictate communicative behavior and use of language. Metalinguistics The ability to think about, analyze, and reflect on language as an object. (Awareness of language) Aspiration Puff of air The sound /u/ in unaccented syllable (such as the 'a' in 'final' Schwa sound Suprasegmentals The melody of speech, stress, pitch, loudness Discovery learning involves what pathways? 3 pathways - Visual, auditory, tactile-kinesthetic Socratic questions are what kind of questions Guided questions Socratic questions (guided questions) are what type of learning? Auditory discovery Semantics Meaning of words and sentences, study of meaning, content of language. Diagnostic teaching Teaching that is informed by a continual assessment of student needs. Outcome measure An assessment that classifies a student in terms of achievement or improvement of a grade-level performance. Summative data Data that provides information about knowledge to be applied to long term comprehensive goals. Formative data Data taken that provides information during learning process. Final stable syllables come from what language? Latin Affixes come from what language? Anglo-Saxon Combining forms come from what language Greek 'CH' pronounced /k/ is what language? (As in 'school') Greek Consonant cluster 'ph' is from what language? Greek ine, ice, ile Latin (endings or final stable syllables) Cedilla 'c' /s/ Latin Common every day words are from Anglo-Saxon 'R' controlled vowels are from which language? Latin Initial consonant clusters - rh, pt, pn, ps, - are from which language? Greek Consonant pairs - gn, kn, and wr - are from what language? Anglo-Saxon Roots ending in - ct and pt- are from what language? (edict, adept) Latin Chameleon prefixes (changes spelling to match first letter of root word) are from what language? Latin Consonant digraphs - ch, sh, th, wh - come from what language? Anglo- Saxon Vowel teams (also called vowel digraphs such as ai, oa, oo, ay, etc.) Anglo-Saxon Compound words are from what language? Anglo-Saxon Medial 'y' comes from what language? (gym) Greek The letters - c, s, t - pronounced /sh/ come from what language? (special, sugar, partial) Latin Schwa sound /u/ comes from what language? Latin What language is the word 'lexia' from? Greek Systematic and cumulative instruction Teaching with a logical order of introduction of concepts that progress from easiest to the most difficult. Instruction that follows ordered procedures? Structured instruction Instruction in which concepts are explicitly taught? Direct instruction.. Teaching with a logical order of introduction of concepts that progress from easiest to the most difficult. Systematic and cumulative instruction. Prescriptive teaching Individual instruction based on need. Individual instruction based on need Prescriptive teaching An analysis that measures a student's strengths and weaknesses Diagnostic measure Formative data Data that provides information about knowledge applied to short term goals. Data that provides information about knowledge applied to short term goals. Formative data An assessment that measures knowledge attained and expected to know at a specific stage of education. Criterion referenced test Criterion referenced test An assessment that measures knowledge attained and expected to know at a specific stage of education. A driving test is considered a criterion referenced test because goal is to see whether the test taker is skilled enough to be granted a driver's license, not to see whether one test taker is more skilled than another test taker. A brief assessment that identifies students that may need additional or an alternate form of instruction. Screening Screening A brief assessment that identifies students that may need additional or an alternate form of instruction. Periodic assessment that measures progress in response to specific instruction. Progress monitoring Progress monitoring An assessment that measures knowledge attained and expected to know at a specific stage of their education. What are the four components of language? 1) phonology 2) syntax 3) semantics 4) pragmatics A specific sensory pathway is called? A modality Modality A specific sensory pathway. Angular gyrus The area of the brain used for visual-verbal associations. The area of the brain used for visual-verbal associations Angular gyrus Area of the brain used for step-by-step word analysis Parietal-temporal region Parietal-temporal region of brain is used for Step-by-step word analysis Metacognition The conscious choice of evaluation of the strategies to accomplish a task (thinking about thinking). The conscious choice of evaluation of the strategies to accomplish a task (thinking about thinking) Metacognition The left frontal inferior region of brain is used for Articulation and slower word analysis The area of the brain used for articulation and slower word analysis The left front inferior region The area of the brain used for skilled reading The occipital temporal region The occipital temporal region of the brain is used for Skilled reading The ability that connects sounds and letters is Phonemic awareness What is phonemic awareness The ability to connect sounds with their letters The RULES that determine how sounds are used in spoken language Phonology Phonology is The rules that determine how sounds are used in spoken language A variation of a speech sound (not a separate phoneme) is Allophone An allophone is A variation of a speech sound (not a separate phoneme) The ability to focus on units of sound in spoken language at the sentence, word, syllable, and phoneme level is Phonemic awareness The ability to focus on units of sound in spoken language at the sentence, word, syllable, and phoneme level is Phonemic awareness The understanding that spoken sounds are represented in print by written letters is Alphabetic principle Alphabetic principle The understanding that spoken sounds are represented in print by written letters is A letter or letter cluster that represent a single speech sound is Grapheme A grapheme is A letter or letter cluster that represents a single speech sound A cognate is Phonemes with the same visual display and mouth position (i.e. /ch/ and /j/) Phonemes with the same visual display and mouth position (i.e. /ch/ and /j/) is A cognate Who developed 'Alpha Phonics'? Sally Childs, Lucius Waites, Aylett Cox Who is known as "the father of dyslexia"? Samuel Orton (neurologist) Samuel Orton's assistant was Anna Gillingham (psychologist) Recognizing word families is a Linguistic reading approach What did the amendment to 504 in 1997 accomplish? It provided an educational setting and placement for juvenile delinquents. Samuel Orton is known as The father of dyslexia (he was a neurologist) Where do you find a 'schwa' sound in a word? In the unaccented syllable What determines whether the doubling rule applies? The accent Students under Section 504 would benefit from what services? 1) Education in the regular classroom 2) Regular ed with supplementary services 3) Special ed and related services A person having an impairment that limits one or more life functions is entitled to benefits under... Both 504 and IDEA According to the NRP what is the strongest indicator of a reading disability? A deficit in phonology NICHD reports what percentage of students students with specific learning difficulties that are receiving special ed have a deficit in reading 70 - 80% The Woodcock-Johnson is which type of test? Norm and academic achievement Grade equivalent scores are or are not considered a dependable representation of progress? Not Who coined the term "word-blindness" Adolph Kusmaul, a German physician The number of words a student can read correctly in a given period of time Accuracy Who became the coordinator of the research for NICHD? Reid Lyon NICHD stands for? Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Means to discover by demonstration Heuristic The spelling of written language Orthography The ability to focus on units of sound in spoken language at the sentence, word, syllable, and phoneme levels. Phonological awareness Study of how base words, roots, and affixes are formed into words. Morphology Who wrote the first article published in medical literature on "word-blindness" Dr. W. Pringle Morgan [Show More]

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