NR 443 CHAPTER 48: DIABETES MELLITUS AND HYPOGLYCEMIA | VERIFIED SOLUTION

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NR 443 CHAPTER 48: DIABETES MELLITUS AND HYPOGLYCEMIA Chapter 48: Diabetes Mellitus and Hypoglycemia Linton: Introduction to Medical-Surgical Nursing, 6th Edition MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. A nurse expla... ins that type 1 diabetes mellitus is a disease in which the body does not produce enough insulin. What is the reason that the blood glucose is elevated? a. Prolonged elevation of stress hormone (cortisol, epinephrine, glucagon, growth hormone) levels b. Malfunction of the glycogen-storing capabilities of the liver c. Destruction of the beta cells in the pancreas d. Insulin resistance of the receptor cells in the muscle tissue A patient newly diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus asks the nurse why she has to take a pill instead of insulin. The nurse explains that in type 2 diabetes mellitus, the body still makes insulin. What other information is pertinent for the nurse to relay? a. Overweight and underactive people cannot simply use the insulin produced. b. Metabolism is slowed in some people, so they have to take a pill to speed up their metabolism. c. Sometimes the autoimmune system works against the action of the insulin. d. The cells become resistant to the action of insulin. Pills are given to increase the sensitivity. A patient tells a nurse that she eats “huge” amounts of food but stays hungry most of the time. What should the nurse explain as the cause of hunger experienced by persons with type 1 diabetes? a. Excess amount of glucose b. Need for additional calories to correct the increased metabolism c. Fact that the cells cannot use the blood glucose d. Need for exercise to stimulate insulin secretion What does the lack of insulin in patients with type 1 diabetes cause that increases the risk for cardiovascular disorders? a. High glucose levels that irritate and shrink the vessels b. Inadequate metabolism of proteins, which causes ketosis c. Increased fatty acid levels d. Increased metabolism of ketones, which causes hypertension The self-care goal of a patient with diabetes is to keep the blood sugar within normal limits. What causes hyperglycemia to occur? a. Blood glucose levels rise, stimulating the production of insulin. b. Insulin conversion of glycogen to glucose is inhibited. c. The body responds to glucose-starved tissues by changing stored glycogen into glucose. d. Glycogen is unable to be stored in the liver and muscles. [Show More]

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