NR 101 MICRO-CHAP 5 QUIZ | VERIFIED SOLUTION

Document Content and Description Below

NR 101 MICRO-CHAP 5 QUIZ CHAPTER 5 1) Enzymes known as lyases participate in ________ reactions. A) anabolic B) catabolic C) both anabolic and catabolic D) neither anabolic nor catabolic E) oxi... dation-reduction 2) The molecule that an enzyme acts upon is known as its A) apoenzyme. B) catalyst. C) substrate. D) coenzyme. E) holoenzyme. 3) Which of the following is associated with the Calvin-Benson cycle? A) acetyl-CoA B) PABA C) RuBP D) TMAO E) FADH2 4) If a cell reverses the process of beta-oxidation, which of the following molecules will it make? A) nucleotides B) starch C) fatty acids D) amino acids E) glycerol 5) Glycolysis begins with a(n) ________ stage(s). A) lysis B) energy-investment C) energy-conservation D) lysis and energy-conservation E) energy-investment and conservation 6) Which of the following statements concerning glycolysis is TRUE? A) It is an alternative to fermentation. B) It occurs in the cell membranes of bacteria. C) It produces ATP by oxidative phosphorylation. D) It involves ribulose 5-phosphate as an intermediate. E) It both requires the input of ATP and produces ATP. 7) Which of the following is a fermentation product useful in the manufacture of cheese? A) lactic acid B) pyruvic acid C) ethanol D) ammonia E) acetic acid 8) Which of the following is TRUE concerning the structure and function of enzymes? A) Enzymes can function at a wide range of pH. B) After an enzyme has catalyzed a reaction, it resumes its original shape and can interact with a new substrate molecule. C) Competitive inhibition of an enzyme occurs when an inhibitor binds to an allosteric site on the enzyme. D) All enzymes bind cofactors necessary for their function. E) An apoenzyme is a combination of a cofactor bound to a holoenzyme. 9) During reactions catalyzed by oxidoreductases an electron donor is 9) A) unaltered. B) reduced. C) degraded. D) synthesized. E) oxidized. 10) When a cell forms an amino acid by adding an amine group derived from ammonia to a precursor metabolite, this process is called A) transamination. B) polymerization. C) deamination. D) amination. E) reduction. 11) The conversion of amino acids to carbohydrates is an example of A) beta-oxidation. B) substrate-level phosphorylation. C) gluconeogenesis. D) electron transport. E) amination. 12) Which of the following is required for holoenzyme function? A) a protein cofactor B) a substrate C) an allosteric inhibitor D) an activator E) a coenzyme 13) Which of the following statements concerning enzymes is FALSE? A) They can be used to catalyze a chemical reaction over and over again. B) They always function best at 37°C. C) They form a temporary intermediate compound with a substrate. D) They can be denatured if the pH of their environment is too high or too low. E) They are usually, but not always, proteins. 14) Reactions involving ligases are typically ________ reactions. A) anabolic B) catabolic C) both anabolic and catabolic D) neither anabolic nor catabolic E) exergonic 15) Anabolic reactions may be characterized as A) breaking large molecules into smaller molecules to produce ATP. B) exergonic. C) breaking large molecules into smaller molecules. D) producing ATP. E) forming large molecules from smaller molecules. 16) The various types of chlorophyll differ in the A) wavelengths of light they absorb. B) amount of light they can absorb. C) amount of oxygen they utilize. D) amount of ATP they produce. E) number of electrons they release. 17) Isomerases catalyze reactions in which A) atoms in biomolecules are rearranged. B) biomolecules are broken down into their component parts. C) biomolecules are oxidized or reduced. D) groups are transferred from one molecule to another. E) biomolecules are assembled from smaller molecules. 18) Where is the majority of ATP generated in most eukaryotic cells? A) on ribosomes B) in the mitochondrial matrix C) in the cytoplasmic membrane D) in the cytosol E) in the outer membrane of the mitochondria 19) The conversion of pyruvic acid to acetyl-CoA can be described as ________, because a molecule of CO2 is produced as a by-product. A) phosphorylation B) respiration C) oxidation D) decarboxylation E) amination 20) Although glycolysis requires an input of ATP, this pathway results in a net gain of two ATP; therefore it is a(n) ________ pathway. A) neither exergonic nor endergonic B) exergonic C) oxidative D) reductive E) endergonic 21) Light energy is used to fuel the assembly of carbon dioxide and water into carbohydrates in the process known as A) oxidation. B) gluconeogenesis. C) photosynthesis. D) fermentation. E) chemiosmosis. 22) During the synthesis of acetyl-CoA from pyruvic acid, ________ is produced. A) FADH2 B) acetic acid C) NADH D) ATP E) H2O 23) Which of the following produces NADPH? A) the Embden-Meyerhof pathway only B) the Entner-Doudoroff pathway only C) the pentose phosphate pathway only D) both the Embden-Meyerhof and Entner-Doudoroff pathways E) both the pentose phosphate and Entner-Doudoroff pathways 24) The metabolic processes called fermentation A) use an organic molecule as a final electron acceptor. B) occur only when oxygen is readily available. C) are alternatives for the pentose phosphate pathway. D) produce substrates for glycolysis. E) produce substrates for the Krebs cycle. 25) The production of NADH takes place during the ________ stage(s) of glycolysis. A) energy-conservation B) lysis C) energy-investment D) lysis and energy-investment E) energy-investment and energy-conservation 26) Beta-oxidation of fatty acids produces a substrate of the A) Embden-Meyerhof pathway. B) Krebs cycle. C) Calvin-Benson cycle. D) pentose phosphate pathway. E) Entner-Doudoroff pathway. 27) All of the following are aspects of a cell's ability to regulate its metabolism EXCEPT A) synthesis of a catabolic enzyme only when its substrate is available. B) isolation of various enzymes within membranous organelles. C) synthesis or degradation of membrane transport proteins. D) use of the same coenzymes for anabolic and catabolic reactions that share substrate molecules. E) use of the most energy-efficient energy source available. 28) What is the major product of the Calvin-Benson cycle that can then be used to form glucose? A) glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate B) NADPH C) CO2 D) ATP E) RuBP 29) Pyruvic acid is a product of A) the Krebs cycle. B) both glycolysis and the Entner-Doudoroff pathway. C) the Entner-Doudoroff pathway only. D) glycolysis only. E) fermentation. 30) Which of the following statements concerning cellular metabolism is FALSE? A) The goal of metabolism is reproduction of the organism. B) Enzymes are used in both catabolic and anabolic reactions. C) Energy obtained from nutrients or light is stored in the bonds of ATP. D) ATP is used in the formation of macromolecules. E) Macromolecules are converted into cell structures via catabolism. 31) Which of the following is a by-product of the catabolism of proteins? A) carbon dioxide B) lactic acid C) proteases D) acetyl-CoA E) ammonia 32) Which of the following is a non-protein carrier found in some electron transport chains? A) metal-containing proteins B) ribozymes C) ubiquinones D) cytochromes E) flavoproteins 33) How many ATP molecules can theoretically be produced from the NADH generated by the catabolism of a molecule of glucose during aerobic respiration? A) 36 B) 34 C) 30 D) 38 E) 4 34) Which of the following statements concerning reduction reactions is FALSE? A) They are coupled with oxidation reactions. B) An electron acceptor gains an electron. C) A molecule gains a hydrogen atom. D) An electron acceptor becomes more positively charged. E) They frequently involve electron carrier molecules. 35) Identify the processes of glucose metabolism represented in Figure 5-1. A) A = glycolysis, B = fermentation, C = Krebs cycle, D = electron transport chain. B) A = fermentation, B = glycolysis, C = Krebs cycle, D = electron transport chain C) A = glycolysis, B = Krebs cycle, C = electron transport chain, D = fermentation. D) A = glycolysis, B = Krebs cycle, C = fermentation, D = electron transport chain E) A = electron transport chain, B = Krebs cycle, C = glycolysis, D = fermentation 36) Which of the following can be the final electron acceptor in anaerobic respiration in bacteria? 36) A) pyruvic acid only B) nitrate only C) sulfate only D) both nitrate and sulfate E) nitrate, pyruvic acid, and sulfate 37) What is the purpose of the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis? A) regeneration of NAD+ B) production of ATP and NADH C) production of oxygen D) production of ATP and NADPH E) carbon fixation 38) Photosystems are assembled in 38) A) stroma. B) thylakoids. C) cristae. D) cytochromes. E) grana. 39) Sulfanilamide is an antimicrobial drug that mimics the shape of an important substrate for a particular bacterial enzyme, thereby inhibiting the enzyme. This type of inhibition is known as A) allosteric inhibition. B) noncompetitive inhibition. C) excitatory allosteric control. D) competitive inhibition. E) feedback inhibition. 40) Which of the following products of glucose catabolism is a substrate for fatty acid synthesis? A) phosphoglyceric acid B) oxaloacetate C) succinyl-CoA D) pyruvic acid E) acetyl-CoA 41) A catabolic process which occurs in eukaryotic mitochondria is 41) A) Calvin-Benson cycle. B) Entner-Doudoroff pathway. C) deamination. D) beta-oxidation. E) fermentation. 42) Which of the following is/are common to chemiosmosis and the lightdependent reactions of photosynthesis? A) a proton gradient only B) electron transport only C) reduction of NADP+ only D) both electron transport and a proton gradient E) electron transport, a proton gradient, and reduction of NADP+ 43) Chemical reactions that can proceed toward either anabolism or catabolism are called A) glycolytic. B) light-independent. C) amphibolic. D) cyclic. E) synthetic. 44) All of the following are forms of oxidation EXCEPT 44) A) loss of an electron. B) gain of an oxygen atom and its electrons. C) loss of hydrogen atom. D) substrate level phosphorylation. E) a dehydrogenation event. 45) Hydrolases are generally involved in ________ reactions. 45) A) anabolic B) catabolic C) both anabolic and catabolic D) neither anabolic nor catabolic E) oxidation-reduction 46) Substrate-level phosphorylation occurs during the ________ stage(s) of glycolysis. A) lysis B) energy-conservation C) energy-investment D) energy-investment and energy-conservation E) energy-investment, lysis, and energy-conservation [Show More]

Last updated: 1 year ago

Preview 1 out of 9 pages